Clinical and angiographic profile of symptomatic patients undergoing percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and drug-eluting stent implantation

Background: There are limited number of studies in India which have looked at this clinical and angiographic characteristic of the disease. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the clinical and angiographic profile of symptomatic patients who underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.Methods: This was an observational study conducted at a tertiary-care center in India between November 2014 and November 2015. A total of 106 consecutive patients who received either Cypher/Xience/BioMime stent presented with anginal symptoms were included in the study. Based on the type of stent received, patients were divided into two groups: (A) Limus group; (B) Paclitaxel group. Coronary angiogram was done in all the patients. Angioplasty data were collected from patient records. Angiographic profiles of the two groups were compared and analysed.Results: Among the 106 patients, 54 patients were included in the Limus group and 52 patients were included in the Taxus stent. De novo lesions were found to be significantly higher in the Limus group (40(74%), p = 0.06) whereas the in-stent restenosis was found to be significantly higher in the paclitaxel group (22(42.3%), p = 0.08). At follow-up, the incidence of death was 0% and no patients suffered by myocardial infarction. One (1.8%), two (3.8%) patients from the Limus and Paclitaxel groups had target vessel revascularization, respectively.Conclusions: Development of lesions in new areas rather than in-stent restenosis is the cause for angina in the majority of patients who underwent angioplasty presenting with anginal symptoms

Angiographic determinants for side branch treatment in distal unprotected left main coronary artery bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention with single stent crossover technique

 Background: The aim of this study was to analyze angiographic parameters such as bifurcation angle, diameter at the polygon of confluence (POC) and SYNTAX score in predicting the need for side branch treatment with single-stent crossover technique from distal unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) to the major side branch.Methods: This was a retrospective and observational study. A total of 83 patients with distal ULMCA lesions were enrolled. Patients who underwent provisional single-stent crossover technique were compared with patients that required side branch treatment though plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) 5 (6.0%) or stenting 7 (8.4%). Angiographic parameters, bifurcation angle, diameter at the POC and the SYNTAX score were analyzed for their ability to predict the need for side branch treatment.Results: Mean age of patients was 58.2±5.3 years. Males constituted 61 (73.5%) patients. Post main branch stenting 5 (6.0%) and 7 (8.4%) patients required side branch treatment with POBA and stent implantation, respectively. Binary regression revealed bifurcation angle (Z: 1.15, OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.97-1.01, p=0.25), diameter at the POC (Z: 1.1, OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.32-2.13, p=0.272) and SYNTAX score (Z: 1.51, OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 0.95-1.45, p=0.132) did not correctly predict the requirement of side branch treatment.Conclusion: Left main coronary artery to main branch stenting can be performed safely with single-stent crossover technique, irrespective of presence of side branch disease across a wide range of bifurcation angles, diameters at the POC and SYNTAX scores.

Assessment of Prothrombotic burden in patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease using plasma D-dimer assay.

INTRODUCTION : In spite of tremendous and advanced improvement both in preventive aspects as well as therapeutic part Rheumatic Heart Disease forms a part of health hazard in developing countries. A part of complication of RHD puts these patients for a major morbidity leading to mortality. So this preventable complication i.e. thromboembolic manifestation to a extent can be predicted, and it is taken as my study. This study based on plasma D-dimer levels and predicting a major adverse event, thromboembolic manifestation in these patients. Plasma D-dimers are cross linked fibrin derivatives which result from degradation of fibrin by endogenous fibrinolytic system. They reflect both increased coagulation and an active fibrinolytic system and are markers for clot risk. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : Assessing prothrombotic burden in patients with Rheumatic heart diseases with AF or without AF using plasma D-dimer levels and comparing the D-dimer levels among the Rheumatic heart disease patients with various subsets of patients. Correlation of AF to left atrial size and to age and to D-dimer level in the study sample. Correlation of mitral regurgitation to D-dimer level as a part of systemic hypo fibrinolytic state. Correlating left atrial empting velocity to D-dimer level as a part of Intra atrial hemodynamics. Background : RHD is more common in middle aged in dividuals with stroke manifestation . Among the subset of patients with RHD it is more commonly associated in MS with AF patients. And it is more common when increased LA Size as well as decreaesd LAA empting Velocity. So our study evaluated the correlation Method : Blood sample collected to this patients with RHD with excluding older age, H/o surgery and DVTand Recent trauma. D-dimer assayed by particle enhanced immunoturbidimetry. Echo done to all patients. Results : It was analysed that age distribution is in the range of 33.91to 9.91.With AF Association present in 16.92% of the Individual. Mean LA dimension in all subsets in the range of 4.47+ 0.82. D-dimer level is highest in the subset of MS + MR + AF subgroup 0.53+ 0.04 μgm FEU/ ml. Conclusion : It was concluded the highest D-dimer level found in MS+MR+AF group and lower in MS+SR group. Presensce of MR dose not prevent thromboembolism when associated With AF and MS

Identifying Road Accidents Severity Problems Using Data Mining Approaches

Roadway traffic safety is a major concern for transportation governing agencies as well as ordinarycitizens. In order to give safe driving suggestions, carefulanalysis of roadway traffic data is critical to find outvariables that are closely related to fatal accidents. Inthis paper we apply statistics analysis and data miningalgorithms on the FARS Fatal Accident dataset as an attempt to address this problem. The relationship betweenfatal rate and other attributes including collision manner,weather, surface condition, light condition, and drunkdriver were investigated. Association rules were discoveredby Apriori algorithm, classification model was built byNaive Bayes classifier, and clusters were formed by simple K-means clustering algorithm. Here we are also using one more classification technique for comparing with Naïve bayes classifier. Certain safety driving suggestions were made based on statistics, association rules, classification model, and clusters obtained

IN VITRO ANTIDIABETIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CLITORIA TERNATEA L

Objective: To investigate the in vitro Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory activity of Clitoria ternatea L. leaves and flowers. Methods: Phytochemicals of leaves and flowers were analysed by using standard methods. In vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the ethanolic extract of the Clitoria ternatea leaves and flowers using various free radical models such a DPPH, Reducing power assay and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay. In vitro antidiabetic assay such as Non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin assay, Glucose uptake in Yeast cells and Inhibition of salivary-amylase enzyme were carried in ethanolic extract.. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity such as inhibition of albumin denaturation and membrane stabilization assay were performed in ethanolic extract. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of the Clitoria ternatea revealed the presence of various bioactive components like alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, phenol, saponin, terpenoids and tannin in both leaves and flowers. Anthroquinone is absent in both the parts studied. The in vitro antidiabetic potential of plant extract was confirmed through non enzymatic glycation, glucose uptake by yeast cells and amylase inhibition methods. Antiinflammatory activity of Clitoria ternaea was also confirmed. Conclusion: The result of the present study concluded that the ethanolic extracts of Clitoria ternaea L. leaves and flowers possess significant antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. The potential pharmacological activity of Clitoria ternaea L. leaves and flowers might be due to the presence of phytochemicals

Studies on Genetic Divergence in Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Using SRAP Markers

Pomegranate genotypes have been characterized mainly on the basis of morphological traits; but, these traits are affected to a large extent by environmental and cultivation conditions, resulting in their ambiguous discrimination. Molecular markers are more suited for accurate discrimination of genotypes and cultivars. Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers were used in the present study to analyze polymorphism among the important pomegranate genotypes grown in India. The total number of bands generated by 30 SRAP primers for 12 genotypes was 1448, with an average of 48.3 bands per primer. Polymorphism varied from 2.7 to 73.9, with an average of 40.95%. Similarity-value based on Jaccard's Coefficient ranged from 0.63 (between cvs. Naina and Amlidana) to 0.95 (between cvs. Kabul Yellow and Jalore Seedless). UPGMA (un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean) analysis was performed and a dendrogram was constructed using Jaccard's similarity matrix. The 12 genotypes used grouped into 5 clusters. SRAP markers were found suitable for determining variability among the pomegranate genotypes studied

Optimal process for the extraction and identification of flavonoids from the leaves of Polyalthia longifolia using L16 Orthogonal design of experiment

The study has been carried out to investigate the effects of single factors such as temperature, extraction time, concentration of ethanol, material ratio and no. of extractions on the contents of flavonoids present in the leaves of Polyalthia longifolia. On this basis, an L16 orthogonal design of experiment was used to determine the optimal conditions for the extraction of flavonoids. The amount of flavonoids extracted reached its maxima at 65 ºC for 2 hrs by using 75% ethanol (modifier) with a material ratio of 1:10 and 2 times ofextraction. The TLC performed for the optimal extracts showed the presence of rutin and quercetin related compounds.Keywords: Annonaceae, Flavonoids, Orthogonal experiments, Single-factor experiments, Polyalthia longifolia

Effect of growth regulators and Physiological Gradients on the High frequency plant regeneration from the long-term callus cultures of different germplasms of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Callus cultures of rice were initiated from mature embryos of different cultivars on LS medium containing 2 mg/L 2,4-D. Increasing concentrations of 2,4-D and 2,4-5T also increased the frequency of callus initiation in all the cultivars tested. Of different cultivars, Tellahamsa was found to be superior for callus initiation. Genotypic differences for plant regeneration were also observed. Cultivar Tellahamsa showed the highest (65-75%) frequency of plant differentiation followed by DGWG, Yerragaluvadlu, Surekha, Basmati-370, Bala, Chakko amubi, Jaya and IR-8. Callus cultures of rice cultivar Bala grown on a shoot-forming medium (LS + 1 mg/L IAA + 4 mg/L KN + 2% sucrose) were exposed to gibberellic acid and abscisic acid for varying lengths of time and at different periods during culture. Gibberellic acid totally suppressed the organogenesis in callus cultures of rice. The results suggest that if the tissue accumulated sufficient gibberellic acid prior to the initiation of meristemoids and shoot primordia, repression of shoot formation occurred. This repression was not reversed by increasing the levels of IAA and KN in the medium, but abscisic acid could partially overcome the gibberellic acid repression of shoot formation in rice callus. It has been observed in rice that shoots usually emerge from the basal portions of callus. This observation suggested that perhaps physiological gradients of materials were operative during the organ initiation process. To test this hypothesis, starch content and the enzyme activity of malate dehydrogenase in upper and lower portions of shoot-forming and non-shoot-forming callus were determined. Starch began to accumulate in both upper and lower portions of the shoot forming tissues within 4 days of culture. The rate of accumulation however, was faster and more in the lower portion of the callus leading to a peak of accumulation on day 8 in culture, i.e., prior to shoot formation. Non-shoot-forming callus cultures accumulated little starch during the same period of culture. Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity was examined in order to know the overall rate of respiration. In the upper segment of shoot-forming callus, the activity of MDH was very high by day 4 but declined continuously thereafter. The rate of activity of the enzyme was significantly higher beyond four days in culture in case of the lower portion of the shoot forming callus. Enzyme activity was lower in the non-shoot-forming portions (both upper and lower) of the callus. The higher rate of enzyme activity for the upper portion of the tissue could be attributed to increased oxygen availability. Thus, the evidence for the idea that concentrations of gradients or physiological gradients of substances into the callus tissue may be the operative factors promoting organ initiation in vitro is presented

Utilization of phosphorus for casein biosynthesis in the mammary gland. II. Incorporation of P<SUP>32</SUP> into free phosphopeptides of milk and of mammary gland

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