APPLICATIONS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN CLINICAL MEDICINE

Gold based nanoparticles, owing to their unique optical properties at the nanoscale, biocompatibility, and rich surface chemistry, have attracted considerable attention from the material science and biomedical community. Although colloidal gold has been used since ancient times in various therapeutic applications, a better understanding of the physical attributes of nanosized gold has led to a burst of research activity in the past twenty years related to their synthesis and biomedical applications. Novel strategies for the synthesis of nanosized gold of various shapes and morphologies have been put forward, which includes nanospheres, nanorods, nanocages, nanoshells, etc. Both the absorption and scattering properties of nanosized gold, along with their facile conjugation with different biomolecules, has been exploited in the development of a number of bioanalytical assays and protocols, related to the quantification of nucleic acids, proteins, other small biomolecules, etc. In addition, gold nanoparticles are being increasingly used for in vivo imaging applications for the early diagnosis of cancer. Finally, gold nanoparticles are playing a significant role in nanotherapeutic applications, either as drug carriers or as the drug itself in light-activated photothermal therapy. Several gold-nanoparticle based Bioanalytical assays and therapeutic applications are in the active clinical development phase. This chapter will provide examples of the various biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles with potential for clinical translation.Keywords: Gold nanoparticles, Theranostics, SPR, Colorimetric biosensing, SERC, In vitro diagnostics, PTT, PD

Obstruction characterization of co-TT graphs

Threshold tolerance graphs and their complement graphs ( known as co-TT graphs) were introduced by Monma, Reed and Trotter[24]. Introducing the concept of negative interval Hell et al.[19] defined signed-interval bigraphs/digraphs and have shown that they are equivalent to several seemingly different classes of bigraphs/digraphs. They have also shown that co-TT graphs are equivalent to symmetric signed-interval digraphs. In this paper we characterize signed-interval bigraphs and signed-interval graphs respectively in terms of their biadjacency matrices and adjacency matrices. Finally, based on the geometric representation of signed-interval graphs we have setteled the open problem of forbidden induced subgraph characterization of co-TT graphs posed by Monma, Reed and Trotter in the same paper.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.0591

On some topology generated by I\mathcal{I}-density function

In this paper we have studied on $\mathcal{I}$-density function using the notion of $\mathcal{I}$-density, introduced by Banerjee and Debnath \cite{banerjee 4} where $\mathcal{I}$ is an ideal of subsets of the set of natural numbers. We have explored certain properties of $\mathcal{I}$-density function and induced a topology using this function in the space of reals namely $\mathcal{I}$-density topology and we have given a characterization of the Lebesgue measurable subsets of reals in terms of Borel sets in $\mathcal{I}$-density topology.Comment: 12 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.0337

Load frequency control scheme for a microgrid system with the application of hTLO-DE algorithm

Load frequency control (LFC) is a crucial feature of electric power systems to maintain a balance between power supply and load demand, thus avoiding a deviation of the grid frequency. The present work aims to implement an effective LFC scheme for a microgrid system consisting of a diesel generator (DEG), a wind turbine generator (WTG) and a battery storage system. Proportional-integral-double-derivative (PIDD) controllers are used to implement the proposed LFC scheme. The controller parameters are computed using an innovative hybrid teaching-learning-optimization differential-evaluation (hTLO-DE) algorithm. The main scope of the work lies in application of hTLO-DE optimized PIDD controllers in DEG-WTG-battery storage based MG system. The results obtained with PIDD controllers are compared with those obtained with the traditional PI and PID controllers. A critical analysis shows that the PIDD controller can provide better dynamic responses in terms of settling time and magnitude of oscillations compared to PI and PID controllers. The frequency responses of the system are studied under different scenarios of generation and load variations, which establishes the robustness of the proposed PIDD-based LFC scheme

Dyck Paths and Topological Quantum Computation

The fusion basis of Fibonacci anyons supports unitary braid representations that can be utilized for universal quantum computation. We show a mapping between the fusion basis of three Fibonacci anyons, $\{|1\rangle, |\tau\rangle\}$, and the two length 4 Dyck paths via an isomorphism between the two dimensional braid group representations on the fusion basis and the braid group representation built on the standard $(2,2)$ Young diagrams using the Jones construction. This correspondence helps us construct the fusion basis of the Fibonacci anyons using Dyck paths as the number of standard $(N,N)$ Young tableaux is the Catalan number, $C_N$ . We then use the local Fredkin moves to construct a spin chain that contains precisely those Dyck paths that correspond to the Fibonacci fusion basis, as a degenerate set. We show that the system is gapped and examine its stability to random noise thereby establishing its usefulness as a platform for topological quantum computation. Finally, we show braidwords in this rotated space that efficiently enable the execution of any desired single-qubit operation, achieving the desired level of precision($\sim 10^{-3}$).Comment: 30 pages, 20 figure

Landsliding Pre-Warning System

In this project we have to study of landslide, it occurs naturally we can’t stop natural cause but we can alert the people. Due to landslide there will losses of human life and properties. This project present landslide alert system by using wireless sensors that transmitted by zigbee module from this we can alert the people. In this we used three sensors accelerometer sensor, water level sensor, temperature sensor. Accelerometer sensor is used to measure the slop of angle if there is any movement in landslide and we used water level sensor to collect the depth of water in land. Temperature sensor is used to check the change in temperature. This data is given to microcontroller it is used to read the measurement and display on LCD. GPS is used to give latitude and longitude all reading is given to transmitter zigbee. This information is transmitting to receiver zigbee which is display on LCD and buzzer will activate due to this we can alert people and save human life and properties. This is real time project to save the human life

XRFID: Design of an XML Based Efficient Middleware for RFID Systems

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology can automatically and inexpensively track items as they are moved through the supply chain. This can automate the whole updating and management system, thereby making the system work with a much smaller workforce and reducing the error that can occur because of interference by human beings. One of the major advantages RFID provides is that it does not require direct physical contact with the objects and also does not require the object to be placed in its ‘Line‐of‐ Sight’. This has given it an edge over other auto‐ identification systems, like bar‐codes. The recent proliferation of RFID tags and readers would require dedicated and very efficient middleware solutions that manage readers and process the vast amount of captured data according to the need of various applications. RFID middleware is the software sitting in between various RFID readers and the enterprise applications. Extracting meaningful information out of huge amount of scan data is a challenging task. In this paper we like to analyze the requirements and propose a design for such an RFID middleware. This paper demonstrates how to enable the middleware to handle a large amount of RFID scan data and execute business rules in real‐time. The conventional existing middleware solutions show dramatic degradation in their performance when the number of simultaneously working readers increases. Our proposed solution tries to recover from that situation also.  One of the major issues for large scale deployment of RFID systems is the design of a robust and flexible middleware system to interface various applications to the RFID readers. Most of the existing RFID middleware systems are costly, bulky, non‐portable and heavily dependent on the support software. Our work also provides flexibility for easy addition and removal of applications and hardware