Influence of the variable content of Al, Ni and Fe on the mechanical properties and susceptibility to cold working of aluminium bronze

In this study, the influence of the variable content of Al, Ni, Fe on the grain refining and the change of mechanical properties of aluminium bronze cast into iron ingot mould was investigated. The ingots were tested for susceptibility to cold plastic working in the rolling process. It was shown that a small amount of iron (0,8 wt. %) influenced a significant level of grain refining and improvement of mechanical properties. For alloys with an increased content of Al, Fe and Ni, the maximum value of the true strain of 0,36 was achieved in the cold rolling process. The possibility of achieving similar mechanical properties for alloy with reduced content of alloying elements was demonstrated after applying the true strain of 0,61

Influence of the variable content of Al, Ni and Fe on the mechanical properties and susceptibility to cold working of aluminium bronze

In this study, the influence of the variable content of Al, Ni, Fe on the grain refining and the change of mechanical properties of aluminium bronze cast into iron ingot mould was investigated. The ingots were tested for susceptibility to cold plastic working in the rolling process. It was shown that a small amount of iron (0,8 wt. %) influenced a significant level of grain refining and improvement of mechanical properties. For alloys with an increased content of Al, Fe and Ni, the maximum value of the true strain of 0,36 was achieved in the cold rolling process. The possibility of achieving similar mechanical properties for alloy with reduced content of alloying elements was demonstrated after applying the true strain of 0,61

Influence of the continuous casting process of TIN-ZINC-LEAD bronze on the wear of the graphite crystallizer

The research conducted in this paper concerns the influence of the continuous casting process of tin-zinc-lead bronze on the wear of the graphite crystallizer. Observations and testing of the external surface of the cast rods indicate their good quality, without casting defects. No excessive surface degradation was observed on the inner surface of the crystallizers after casting. It was assessed that the surface quality of the crystallizer would be acceptable for further use, despite stuck residue, mainly in the crystallization zone

Influence of the continuous casting process of TIN-ZINC-LEAD bronze on the wear of the graphite crystallizer

The research conducted in this paper concerns the influence of the continuous casting process of tin-zinc-lead bronze on the wear of the graphite crystallizer. Observations and testing of the external surface of the cast rods indicate their good quality, without casting defects. No excessive surface degradation was observed on the inner surface of the crystallizers after casting. It was assessed that the surface quality of the crystallizer would be acceptable for further use, despite stuck residue, mainly in the crystallization zone

Microstructure and tribological properties of tin bronze-graphite composites made by stir casting

The paper presents results of the studies into production of copper-based composite materials for slide bearings. The studied materials covered tin bronze based composites with addition of lubricating phases in a form of graphite. The composite materials were prepared by melting and casting with simultaneous stirring. The titanium was introduced to the metal matrix in order to improve wettability of the graphite particles. The lowest average value of the coefficient of friction was reached with the CuSn10/graphite 45 μm composite which contained 0,4 % Ti. Low coefficients of friction and wear of the friction pair were also reached with other examined composites in CuSn10 matrix

Los sistemas de análisis del movimiento como herramientas para optimizar el entrenamiento en deportes de combate y artes marciales

[ES] Introducción: Durante los últimos años se han publicado algunos trabajos de revisión sobre las posibilidades que ofrece la utilización de los sistemas de análisis del movimiento en el deporte. Sin embargo, aún no existen trabajos específicos sobre deportes de combate y artes marciales. Objetivo: Este estudio presenta los diversos sistemas contemporáneos de análisis de movimiento, tanto los utilizados en la investigación científica como aquellos que pueden utilizar cotidianamente los entrenadores y atletas de deportes de combate y artes marciales. Un objetivo adicional es ofrecer ejemplos de aplicaciones en la investigación científica así diversas aplicaciones para la optimización del proceso de entrenamiento. Se presenta una breve descripción de cada tipo de sistema utilizado actualmente en el deporte, ejemplos específicos de sistemas y las principales ventajas y desventajas derivadas de su uso. La presentación y discusión se desarrollan en las siguientes secciones: utilidad del análisis del movimiento en deportes de combate y artes marciales, sistemas que utilizan el vídeo digital y sistemas que utilizan marcadores, sensores o transmisores. Conclusiones: No todos los tipos de sistemas de análisis de movimiento utilizados en el deporte son adecuados para deportes de combate y artes marciales. Los estudios científicos realizados hasta ahora han mostrado la utilidad de los sistemas basados en vídeo, ópticos y electromecánicos. La utilización por los entrenadores y atletas de los resultados de investigaciones realizadas con sistemas de análisis de movimiento complejos, o realizados con sistemas simples, de aplicación local y visualización inmediata, es importante para preparar y optimizar el entrenamiento. Todo ello puede conducir a la mejora técnica y táctica de los deportistas, así como a la prevención de lesiones en los deportes de combate y las artes marciales.[EN] Introduction: Over the past years, a few review papers about possibilities of using motion analysis systems in sport were published, but there are no articles that discuss this problem in the field of combat sports and martial arts. Aim: This study presents the diversity of contemporary motion analysis systems both, those that are used in scientific research, as well as those that can be applied in daily work of coaches and athletes in combat sports and martial arts. An additional aim is the indication of example applications in scientific research and range of applications in optimizing the training process. It presents a brief description of each type of systems that are currently used in sport, specific examples of systems and the main advantages and disadvantages of using them. The presentation and discussion takes place in the following sections: motion analysis utility for combat sports and martial arts, systems using digital video and systems using markers, sensors or transmitters. Conclusions: Not all types of motion analysis systems used in sport are suitable for combat sports and martial arts. Scientific studies conducted so far showed the usefulness of video‐based, optical and electromechanical systems. The use of research results made with complex motion analysis systems, or made with simple systems, local application and immediate visualization is important for the preparation of training and its optimization. It may lead to technical and tactical improvement in athletes as well as the prevention of injuries in combat sports and martial arts. Keywords:Sports training; motion capture; information technology; combat sports; martial arts.[PT] Introdução: Ao longo dos últimos anos alguns trabalhos de revisão sobre as possibilidades de utilização de sistemas de análise do movimento no desporto foram publicados, todavia no âmbito especifico da prática dos desportos de combate e artes marciais artes mas não há trabalhos de revisão publicados sobre esta temática. Objectivo: Este estudo apresenta a diversidade dos sistemas contemporâneos de análise de movimento que são usados na investigação científica, assim como aqueles que podem ser utilizados nos desportos de combate e artes marciais por treinadores e atletas para analise e controlo do seu trabalho diário. Um segundo objectivo é a indicação de aplicações exemplos relativas à investigação científica e a gama de aplicações para optimizar o processo de treino. É apresentada uma breve descrição de cada tipo de sistema que é actualmente usado no desporto, com exemplos específicos e com a indicação das suas principais vantagens e desvantagens relativamente ao seu uso. A exposição e discussão é realizada nas seguintes secções: a utilidade da análise de movimento para os desportos de combate e artes marciais, os sistemas que usam vídeo digital e os sistemas que utilizam marcadores, sensores ou transmissores. Conclusões: Nem todos os tipos de sistemas de análise de movimento são adequados para desportos de combate e artes marciais. Estudos científicos realizados até agora incidem na utilização de sistemas ópticos baseados em vídeo e sistemas electromecânicos. A utilização por treinadores e atletas dos resultados da investigação feita com sistemas de análise do movimento complexos, ou feita com sistemas simples, de aplicação local e imediata é importante para a preparação do treino e a sua optimização, podendo conduzir à melhoria técnica e táctica do atleta, bem como à prevenção de lesões nos desportos de combate e artes marciais

Sistemas de análise do movimento como instrumentos para otimizar o treino em esportes de combate e artes marciais

Introduction: Over the past years, a few review papers about possibilities of using motion analysis systems in sport were published, but there are no articles that discuss this problem in the field of combat sports and martial arts.Aim: This study presents the diversity of contemporary motion analysis systems both, those that are used in scientific research, as well as those that can be applied in daily work of coaches and athletes in combat sports and martial arts. An additional aim is the indication of example applications in scientific research and range of applications in optimizing the training process.It presents a brief description of each type of systems that are currently used in sport, specific examples of systems and the main advantages and disadvantages of using them. The presentation and discussion takes place in the following sections: motion analysis utility for combat sports and martial arts, systems using digital video and systems using markers, sensors or transmitters.Conclusions: Not all types of motion analysis systems used in sport are suitable for combat sports and martial arts. Scientific studies conducted so far showed the usefulness of video-based, optical and electromechanical systems. The use of research results made with complex motion analysis systems, or made with simple systems, local application and immediate visualization is important for the preparation of training and its optimization. It may lead to technical and tactical improvement in athletes as well as the prevention of injuries in combat sports and martial arts.Introducción: Durante los últimos años se han publicado algunos trabajos de revisión sobre las posibilidades que ofrece la utilización de los sistemas de análisis del movimiento en el deporte. Sin embargo, aún no existen trabajos específicos sobre deportes de combate y artes marciales.Objetivo: Este estudio presenta los diversos sistemas contemporáneos de análisis de movimiento, tanto los utilizados en la investigación científica como aquellos que pueden utilizar cotidianamente los entrenadores y atletas de deportes de combate y artes marciales. Un objetivo adicional es ofrecer ejemplos de aplicaciones en la investigación científica así diversas aplicaciones para la optimización del proceso de entrenamiento.Se presenta una breve descripción de cada tipo de sistema utilizado actualmente en el deporte, ejemplos específicos de sistemas y las principales ventajas y desventajas derivadas de su uso. La presentación y discusión se desarrollan en las siguientes secciones: utilidad del análisis del movimiento en deportes de combate y artes marciales, sistemas que utilizan el vídeo digital y sistemas que utilizan marcadores, sensores o transmisores.Conclusiones: No todos los tipos de sistemas de análisis de movimiento utilizados en el deporte son adecuados para deportes de combate y artes marciales. Los estudios científicos realizados hasta ahora han mostrado la utilidad de los sistemas basados en vídeo, ópticos y electromecánicos. La utilización por los entrenadores y atletas de los resultados de investigaciones realizadas con sistemas de análisis de movimiento complejos, o realizados con sistemas simples, de aplicación local y visualización inmediata, es importante para preparar y optimizar el entrenamiento. Todo ello puede conducir a la mejora técnica y táctica de los deportistas, así como a la prevención de lesiones en los deportes de combate y las artes marciales.Introdução: Ao longo dos últimos anos alguns trabalhos de revisão sobre as possibilidades de utilização de sistemas de análise do movimento no desporto foram publicados, todavia no âmbito especifico da prática dos desportos de combate e artes marciais artes mas não há trabalhos de revisão publicados sobre esta temática.Objectivo: Este estudo apresenta a diversidade dos sistemas contemporâneos de análise de movimento que são usados na investigação científica, assim como aqueles que podem ser utilizados nos desportos de combate e artes marciais por treinadores e atletas para analise e controlo do seu trabalho diário. Um segundo objectivo é a indicação de aplicações exemplos relativas à investigação científica e a gama de aplicações para optimizar o processo de treino.É apresentada uma breve descrição de cada tipo de sistema que é actualmente usado no desporto, com exemplos específicos e com a indicação das suas principais vantagens e desvantagens relativamente ao seu uso. A exposição e discussão é realizada nas seguintes secções: a utilidade da análise de movimento para os desportos de combate e artes marciais, os sistemas que usam vídeo digital e os sistemas que utilizam marcadores, sensores ou transmissores.Conclusões: Nem todos os tipos de sistemas de análise de movimento são adequados para desportos de combate e artes marciais. Estudos científicos realizados até agora incidem na utilização de sistemas ópticos baseados em vídeo e sistemas electromecânicos. A utilização por treinadores e atletas dos resultados da investigação feita com sistemas de análise do movimento complexos, ou feita com sistemas simples, de aplicação local e imediata é importante para a preparação do treino e a sua optimização, podendo conduzir à melhoria técnica e táctica do atleta, bem como à prevenção de lesões nos desportos de combate e artes marciais

Comparison of Vildagliptin-Metformin and Glimepiride-Metformin Treatments in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

BackgroundThe present study investigated the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin-metformin treatment compared to those of glimepiride-metformin treatment for type 2 diabetes.MethodsIn a randomized, open-label, comparative study, 106 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. The primary endpoint was a reduction in HbA1c from baseline and secondary endpoints included fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2-hour postprandial glucose (2h-PPG) reduction from baseline, as well as HbA1c responder rate and HbA1c reduction according to baseline HbA1c category.ResultsComparable HbA1c reduction was observed with a mean±standard deviation change from baseline to the 32-week endpoint of -0.94±1.15% in the vildagliptin group and -1.00±1.32% in the glimepiride group. A similar reduction in 2h-PPG (vildagliptin group 3.53±4.11 mmol/L vs. the glimepiride group 3.72±4.17 mmol/L) was demonstrated, and the decrements in FPG (vildagliptin group 1.54±2.41 mmol/L vs. glimepiride group 2.16±2.51 mmol/L) were not different between groups. The proportion of patients who achieved an HbA1c less than 7% at week 32 was 50.1% in the vildagliptin group and 56.0% in the glimepiride group. An average body weight gain of 2.53±1.21 kg in the glimepiride group was observed in contrast with the 0.23±0.69 kg weight gain noted in the vildagliptin group. A 10-fold lower incidence of hypoglycemia was demonstrated in the vildagliptin group, in addition to an absence of severe hypoglycemia.ConclusionVildagliptin-metformin treatment provided blood glucose control efficacy comparable to that of glimepiride-metformin treatment and resulted in better adverse event profiles with lower risks of hypoglycemia and weight gain

Genetic Testing to Inform Epilepsy Treatment Management From an International Study of Clinical Practice

IMPORTANCE: It is currently unknown how often and in which ways a genetic diagnosis given to a patient with epilepsy is associated with clinical management and outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how genetic diagnoses in patients with epilepsy are associated with clinical management and outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients referred for multigene panel testing between March 18, 2016, and August 3, 2020, with outcomes reported between May and November 2020. The study setting included a commercial genetic testing laboratory and multicenter clinical practices. Patients with epilepsy, regardless of sociodemographic features, who received a pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant were included in the study. Case report forms were completed by all health care professionals. EXPOSURES: Genetic test results. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Clinical management changes after a genetic diagnosis (ie, 1 P/LP variant in autosomal dominant and X-linked diseases; 2 P/LP variants in autosomal recessive diseases) and subsequent patient outcomes as reported by health care professionals on case report forms. RESULTS: Among 418 patients, median (IQR) age at the time of testing was 4 (1-10) years, with an age range of 0 to 52 years, and 53.8% (n = 225) were female individuals. The mean (SD) time from a genetic test order to case report form completion was 595 (368) days (range, 27-1673 days). A genetic diagnosis was associated with changes in clinical management for 208 patients (49.8%) and usually (81.7% of the time) within 3 months of receiving the result. The most common clinical management changes were the addition of a new medication (78 [21.7%]), the initiation of medication (51 [14.2%]), the referral of a patient to a specialist (48 [13.4%]), vigilance for subclinical or extraneurological disease features (46 [12.8%]), and the cessation of a medication (42 [11.7%]). Among 167 patients with follow-up clinical information available (mean [SD] time, 584 [365] days), 125 (74.9%) reported positive outcomes, 108 (64.7%) reported reduction or elimination of seizures, 37 (22.2%) had decreases in the severity of other clinical signs, and 11 (6.6%) had reduced medication adverse effects. A few patients reported worsening of outcomes, including a decline in their condition (20 [12.0%]), increased seizure frequency (6 [3.6%]), and adverse medication effects (3 [1.8%]). No clinical management changes were reported for 178 patients (42.6%). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Results of this cross-sectional study suggest that genetic testing of individuals with epilepsy may be materially associated with clinical decision-making and improved patient outcomes