Imaging butyrylcholinesterase activity in Alzheimer's disease

No abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/55890/1/21023_ftp.pd

Huntingtin regulates Ca2+ chemotaxis and K+-facilitated cAMP chemotaxis, in conjunction with the monovalent cation/H+ exchanger Nhe1, in a model developmental system: Insights into its possible role in Huntington׳s disease

AbstractHuntington׳s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, attributable to an expanded trinucleotide repeat in the coding region of the human HTT gene, which encodes the protein huntingtin. These mutations lead to huntingtin fragment inclusions in the striatum of the brain. However, the exact function of normal huntingtin and the defect causing the disease remain obscure. Because there are indications that huntingtin plays a role in Ca2+ homeostasis, we studied the deletion mutant of the HTT ortholog in the model developmental system Dictyostelium discoideum, in which Ca2+ plays a role in receptor-regulated behavior related to the aggregation process that leads to multicellular morphogenesis. The D. discoideum htt−-mutant failed to undergo both K+-facilitated chemotaxis in spatial gradients of the major chemoattractant cAMP, and chemotaxis up a spatial gradient of Ca2+, but behaved normally in Ca2+-facilitated cAMP chemotaxis and Ca2+-dependent flow-directed motility. This was the same phenotypic profile of the null mutant of Nhel, a monovalent cation/H+exchanger. The htt−-mutant also failed to orient correctly during natural aggregation, as was the case for the Nhel mutant. Moreover, in a K+-based buffer the normal localization of actin was similarly defective in both htt− and nhe1− cells in a K+-based buffer, and the normal localization of Nhe1 was disrupted in the htt− mutant. These observations demonstrate that Htt and Nhel play roles in the same specific cation-facilitated behaviors and that Nhel localization is directly or indirectly regulated by Htt. Similar cation-dependent behaviors and a similar relationship between Htt and Nhe1 have not been reported for mammalian neurons and deserves investigation, especially as it may relate to Huntington׳s disease

Willing and able: action-state orientation and the relation between procedural justice and employee cooperation

Existing justice theory explains why fair procedures motivate employees to adopt cooperative goals, but it fails to explain how employees strive towards these goals. We study self-regulatory abilities that underlie goal striving; abilities that should thus affect employees’ display of cooperative behavior in response to procedural justice. Building on action control theory, we argue that employees who display effective self-regulatory strategies (action oriented employees) display relatively strong cooperative behavioral responses to fair procedures. A multisource field study and a laboratory experiment support this prediction. A subsequent experiment addresses the process underlying this effect by explicitly showing that action orientation facilitates attainment of the cooperative goals that people adopt in response to fair procedures, thus facilitating the display of actual cooperative behavior. This goal striving approach better integrates research on the relationship between procedural justice and employee cooperation in the self-regulation and the work motivation literature. It also offers organizations a new perspective on making procedural justice effective in stimulating employee cooperation by suggesting factors that help employees reach their adopted goals

A reconfigurable CPW bow-tie antenna using an integrated ferroelectric thin film varactor

A novel printed antenna with a frequency reconfigurable feed network is presented. The antenna consists of a bowtie structure patch radiating element in the inner space of an annulus that is on a nongrounded substrate with a ferroelectric (FE) Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) thin film. The bowtie patch is fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line that also includes a CPW-based BST shunt varactor. Reconfiguration of the compact 8 mm × 8 mm system has been demonstrated by shifting the antenna system’s operating frequency 500 MHz in the 7–9 GHz band by applying a DC voltage bias

The use of (F-18)-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Computed Tomography in the Study of Aphasia

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Effect of Specific Immunoglobulin E Response and Comorbidities on Effectiveness of MP-AzeFlu in a Real-Life Study

Acknowledgements: We would like to thank the subjects who participated in the trial. Funding Sources: This study was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company), Bad Homburg, Germany. Technical, editorial, and medical writing assistance were provided under the direction of the authors by Strategix, an affiliate of The Lynx Group, LLC. This assistance was supported by MEDA Pharma GmbH & Co. KG (a Mylan Company).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Mouse brain distribution of a carbon-11 labeled vesamicol derivative: Presynaptic marker of cholinergic neurons

The regional mouse brain distribution of a new carbon-11 labeled derivative of vesamicol, [11C]-5-(N-methylamino)benzovesamicol ([11C]MABV) is reported. Radiotracer concentrations in vivo are in the rank order of striatum>cortex>hippocampus>hypothalamus> cerebellum, consistent with reported distributions of other presynaptic cholinergic neuronal markers. In time course studies, striatum/cerebellum and cortex/cerebellum ratios for (-)-[11C]MABV continue to increase to values of 13 and 5, respectively, 75 min after i.v. injection of [11C]MABV. The specific binding in striatum and cortex is lowered by pretreatment with (+/-)-vesamicol, and shows stereoselectivity with lower uptake and lower ratios for the (+)-enantiomer. (-)-[11C]MABV is proposed as a positron-emitting radioligand for the in vivo study of presynaptic cholinergic neurons.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28961/1/0000798.pd

Commonality and differences in aphasia: Evidence from BDAE and PICA

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Positron emission tomography

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Reply

No abstract.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34885/1/85_ftp.pd