Do Tougher Licensing Provisions Limit Occupational Entry? The Case of Dentistry

The effect of licensing as a mechanism to control entry into occupations has been a neglected area of both regulation and labor market research. This study examines the role of occupational licensing for entry into dentistry, an occupation with standards that vary by state. Our research first closely replicates Freeman's previous work on labor market cobwebs by employing national data to examine purely market phenomena in the determination of training for the dental profession. We subsequently approximate the government barrier to practice in the profession by adding a weighted average state examination pass rate to the previous model. Next, we employ pooled cross-section time series analysis to explore market determinants of professional entry with state level data. Finally, these results are supplemented by measures of statutory and pass rate entry restrictiveness. Our most consistent evidence suggests that a higher state licensing failure rate deters entry into dental practice.

Supporting Children Impacted by Parental Addiction: A Toolkit for Kinship Caregivers

Kinship caregiving has become increasingly common in the United States, specifically due to parental substance use disorder. These kinship caregivers (KC) have unique needs that are largely unmet. Often, there is no comprehensive resource for KCs specific to their community. KC’s greatest needs are financial, legal, and mental health assistance, as well as educational information about care of children for the kinship caregivers. The objective of this project was to develop a KC resource toolkit to meet priority needs within the community. The project design utilized an EBP framework and followed a community-based participatory research approach. Project leads worked with a local non-profit organization (NPO) in a mid-sized midwestern city to inform the project from September 2021 to June 2022. Consultation with social work, addiction medicine, and law enforcement professionals as well as kinship caregivers with lived experience who were also partners within the NPO were completed throughout the process of creating the resource toolkit. Using evidence-based information, the toolkit was created with continuous input from professionals as well as persons with lived experience, over a period of six months. Project leads, working in collaboration with the NPO and professionals within the community, attempted to recruit kinship caregivers from within community settings. The Caregiver Toolkit Survey (CTS) was developed to measure usefulness of the KC toolkit as perceived by KC. The CTS was administered at baseline and distributed to KC for completion 2 – 4 weeks after baseline. A second survey was developed and administered to professional stakeholders to obtain professional perspectives on the usefulness of the toolkit. Data was collected between March 15, 2022, and May 15, 2022. The main findings indicate that professionals all agreed or strongly agreed that the toolkit will help caregivers understand the needs of children impacted by parental SUD. The results of the surveys will assist in modifying the toolkit for future use within the community. This project offers a starting point for others who wish to create an evidence-based toolkit for KC

Citizenship Taxation, Globalization and Inequality

The U.S alone claims the right to tax its citizens regardless of country of residence. Other states allow their citizens to forego national taxes if they reside abroad for extended periods; this is residence taxation. Many commentators stress the extraordinary gap between the compre-hensiveness of U.S. claims and the long history of wholly inadequate enforcement, pronouncing citizenship taxation infeasible. Some have claimed that uniquely intrusive U.S. claims violate customary interna¬tional law. On the other side are those who see citizenship taxation as a tool for greater intra-nation equality within the high-income countries and perhaps as a development measure for poorer countries as well. This paper will defend U.S. citizenship taxation and propose policy modifications that balance increased inequality concerns6 with the continuing realities of globalization. The paper first briefly reviews the appropriate goals of international taxation. It then presents a defense of citizenship taxation stressing the contribution of the U.S. environment to the continuing material success of those who subsequently choose to live abroad. Current U.S. policy is then examined in detail, and revi¬sions are suggested both for Americans who wish to retain their citizen¬ship and those who do not. Efforts to collect revenue from both groups have largely failed so far. The reasons for this failure and the measures needed to improve collection are explored at the end of the paper

Optical Diagnostics of Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Synthesis in Microwave Oxygen Plasma

Iron oxide nanoparticle synthesis in microwave plasma is studied by optical diagnostics. The arrangement of the plasma reactor results in well-defined reactant mixing, which makes different parts of the reaction zone clearly observable. Besides the reaction zone, digital imaging also reveals the presence of heated nanoparticles. The optical emission spectroscopy is used to determine important plasma parameters

Breakdown delay times and memory effects in helium at low pressure

We have measured the breakdown delay times and memory effects in helium at low pressur

How Is Competition Policy Coping with Atlantic Area Airline Markets?

Article published in the Michigan State Law Review

Modulation-Induced Filament Tearing in Microwave Atmospheric Plasma Jet

High resolution visualization of plasma plume tearing-off during rapid power decrease in amplitude modulated microwave argon jet.Vizualizace odtrhávání filamentů během prudkého poklesu výkonu při amplitudově modulovaném výkonu.High resolution visualization of plasma plume tearing-off during rapid power decrease in amplitude modulated microwave argon jet