Responses of '0900 Ziraat' Sweet Cherry Variety Grafted on Different Rootstocks to Salt Stress

This study was conducted to determine the responses of '0900 Ziraat' sweet cherry cultivar grafted on mazzard (Prunus avium L.) and mahaleb (P. mahaleb L.) rootstocks, to different irrigation water salinity levels. One year old sweet cherry trees were planted in 50-liter pots at Egirdir Fruit Research Station (Isparta, Turkey). Four different irrigation water salinity levels (S-1=0.3 dS m(-1) S-2=2.0 dS m(-1), S-3=4.0 dS m(-1) and S-4=6 dS m(-1)) were used for both variety/rootstock combinations. The results showed that sweet cherry trees grafted on mahaleb rootstocks extracted more water under saline conditions than the ones grafted on mazzard. Water salinity levels caused more damage on 0900/mazzard than on 0900/mahaleb. Towards the end of the growing period, plant deaths were detected in S-3 and S-4 treatments. While midday leaf water potential (LWP) ranged from -1.54 to -3.33 MPa, stomatal conductance ranged from 26.8 to 199.5 mmol m(-2) s(-1). It was determined that both parameters decreased towards the end of the growing period for all treatments. Sodium (Na) uptake was excluded by 0900/mahaleb rootstocks, but chloride (Cl-) uptake was excluded only for higher saline conditions. As a result, mahaleb (P. mabaleb L.) rootstock could be recommended to be used as rootstock for sweet cherry culture under saline conditions

The Response of Braeburn Apple to Regulated Deficit Irrigation

WOS: 000539168700004Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is one of deficit irrigation (DI) techniques and it is developed to minimize irrigation inputs in fruit production, especially in areas where water resources are limited, is recommended for saving irrigation water in agriculture. This study was conducted to determine the effects of deficit irrigation treatments applied in different growth periods on plant water consumption, water yield relations, stomatal conductance and yield of Braebum apple variety (grafted on M9 rootstock). Experiments were conducted in the years 2010, 2011, and 2012 at Fruit Research Institute, Egirdir, Isparta, Turkey. Six different irrigation treatments were applied as I-1; non-deficit irrigation program, I-2; continuous deficit irrigation program (CDI), I-3; deficit irrigation program between the 40th and 70th days after full bloom (DAFB), I-4; deficit irrigation program between the 70th and 100th DAFB, I-5; deficit irrigation program between the 100th and 130th DAFB and 16; deficit irrigation program between the 130th and 160th DAFB. the highest yield (55.2, 54.1 and 63.8 t ha(-1) in 2010, 2011 and 2012 respectively) and water use efficiency (WUE) (0.130, 0.129 and 0.137 t ha(-1) mm(-1) in 2010, 2011 and 2012) values were obtained from I-3 treatment in all short-term deficit irrigation treatments. the stomatal conductance values decreased during the short-term deficit irrigation treatments, but the values increased following the deficit irrigation periods. the results revealed that apple trees grafted on M9 rootstock were influenced by short-term water stress, but they were able to cope with stress after the deficit periods. in all deficit irrigation treatments, yield response factor (Ky) ranged from 0.77 to 2.11 Apple tree yield was less sensitive to water deficit in I-3 compared to other treatments. Therefore I-3 treatment was found to be applicable in case of scarce water resources since it ensured water saving.General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of MAF [BBMB-11-01]This experiment was summarized a part of the research project (Project number: BBMB-11-01) funded by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies of MAF

Pomological and vegetative changes during transition from flood irrigation to drip irrigation: Starkrimson Delicious apple variety

WOS: 000301694400003Considering that apple growers have commonly used flood irrigation method instead of drip irrigation for many decades, this study aims to determine the effects of transition from flood irrigation to drip irrigation on vegetative growth and fruit quality (fruit diameter, length, weight, colour, firmness and classification). An apple orchard which had been irrigated by flood irrigation for many years was used for the study, during which flood irrigation was continued in one section as a control treatment, while drip irrigation was applied for rest of the apple orchard. Two different irrigation intervals (4 and 7 clays) and four different pan coefficients (0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25) were applied during drip irrigation treatments. Flood irrigation included only one treatment (20 clays irrigation interval). Transition to drip irrigation method for apple trees indicated positive consequences on vegetative growth and fruit quality. Fruit diameter, length and weight values were the highest in K-cp3 (1.0) treatments in drip irrigation. K-cp3 treatments also showed the highest red colour density values. K-cp3 and K-cp4 (1.25) represented a more marketable fruit size (extra and class 1) than flood irrigation. Lower amount of irrigation water was consumed with drip irrigation compared to flood irrigation. To obtain the highest quantity of marketable apples, K-cp treatment with 1.0 and irrigation interval with 4 days (I-1 K-cp3 treatment) is recommended during transition from flood irrigation to drip irrigation for similar climatic and soil conditions. (c) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy, Food, Agriculture and Livestock Ministry, TurkeyGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik BakanligiThis study was summarized partially from the research project supported by the General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policy, Food, Agriculture and Livestock Ministry, Turkey