Вплив екстракту з сухих плодів Citrullus colocynthis (L.) shrad на життєдіяльність β-клітин підшлункової залози

The study investigated the ability of Citrullus colocynthis dry fruits extract to modulate survival of RIN-m5F cells in vitro. Various concentrations of Citrullus colocynthis had no toxic effect on the cells viability. Exposure of β-cells to high glucose concentration and prooxidant agents like tert-butylhydoperoxide and oleic acid had cytotoxic effects on their viability. Citrullus colocynthis protected cells against investigated agents action. Positive effect of Citrullus colocynthis could be associated with its direct modulatory action on regeneration and functional normalization of pancreas β-cells or/and indirectly through metabolic and antioxidant effects of Citrullus colocynthis constituents. Our findings provide important feasible data for utilizing Citrullus colocynthis for treatment of diabetes mellitus.Исследована способность экстракта сухих плодов Citrullus colocynthis влиять на выживаемость клеток RIN-m5F in vitro. Различные концентрации Citrullus colocynthis не оказывали токсического действия на жизнеспособность клеток. Воздействие на клетки высокой концентрации глюкозы и прооксидантных агентов, таких как трет-бутилгидропероксид и олеиновой кислоты вызывало цитотоксическое действие на жизнеспособность β-клеток. Citrullus colocynthis оказывал защитный эффект против действия исследуемых агентов. Положительный эффект Citrullus colocynthis может быть ассоциирован с его непосредственным влиянием на регенерацию и нормализацию функций β -клеток поджелудочной железы и/или косвенно посредством метаболических и антиоксидантных свойств составляющих Citrullus colocynthis. Наши исследования свидетельствуют о возможности использования Citrullus colocynthis для лечения сахарного диабета.Досліджено здатність екстракту сухих плодів Citrullus colocynthis впливати на виживання клітин RIN-m5F in vitro. Різні концентрації Citrullus colocynthis не чинили токсичної дії на життєздатність β-клітин. Вплив на β-клітини високої концентрації глюкози і прооксидантних агентів, таких як третбутилгідропероксид і олеїнова кислота викликав цитотоксичну дію на їх життєздатність. Citrullus colocynthis володів захисним ефектом проти дії досліджуваних прооксидантів. Позитивний ефект Citrullus colocynthis може бути асоційований з його безпосереднім впливом на регенерацію і нормалізацію функцій β-клітин підшлункової залози і/або опосередковано через метаболічні та антиоксидантні властивості складових Citrullus colocynthis. Наші дослідження свідчать про можливість використання Citrullus colocynthis для лікування цукрового діабету

Effect of combined nicotinamide, acetyl-L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid action on separate links of carbohydrate metabolism under experimental type 2 diabetes

The effect of nicotinamide, acetyl-L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid on the separate links of carbohydrate metabolism in the brain, heart and liver of rats for type 2 diabetes it was investigated. Combined administration of nicotinamide, acetyl-L-carnitine and α-lipoic acid caused partial reduction of hyperglycemia in rats. By the action of investigated compounds activity of hexokinase and glucokinase, which were reduced under diabetes by 62 and 84 %, respectively, as compared to control was partially normalized. NAD contents in brain, heart and liver of diabetic rats were decreased by 46, 52 and 36 %, but were elevated by investigated compounds, especially in liver. It was found that ratio of free NAD/NADH and NADP/NADPH couples under diabetes were decreased in brain, liver and heart as compared to control. Redox-states in these tissues were significantly normalized by investigated compounds. Amino acid concentrations in blood serum of rats were altered and partially normalized by investigated compounds. Thus, combined effect of investigated compounds is more effective and can be used for the correction of carbohydrate metabolism and energetic state that were changed under type 2 diabetes

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ubj86.04.138

Connective tissue is highly susceptible to imbalances induced by diabetes. Diabetes-related osteopenia, decreased bone strength etc. may be associated with altered metabolism of various collagens. Although it is assumed that alterations in collagen amino acids (AA) may strongly affect protein properties and physio­logical functions, however, very limited evidences are present at the moment regarding AA composition of bone type I collagen and its relevance to abnormal availability of vitamins which are necessary for collagen synthesis in diabetes. We have tested whether nicotinamide (NAm) can influence type I collagen formation and AA composition as well as vitamins availability in diabetes. After 4 weeks of STZ-induced diabetes (60 mg/kg) male Wistar rats were injected for 2 weeks with/without NAm (200 mg/kg b. w.). Acid extraction of type I collagen from the bones was performed with following stepwise salting out. The content of type I collagen after its acid extraction from the bones was estimated by the amounts of hydroxyproline. Amino acids were assayed by cation exchange chromatography. Diabetes-associated changes in AA composition of type I collagen mainly affect those amino acids which are known to be involved in helix formation and cross-linking of the molecules. Diabetes was found to significantly reduce bone collagen contents of o-Pro, Gly, Ala, o-Lys and Pro, whereas Lys, His, Arg, Glu, Thr, Leu, Phe contents were elevated (P < 0.05). NAm treatment was able to partially normalise AA contents. In diabetes, blood serum and hepatic vitamin C and B3 contents were shown to be significantly lowered, whereas α-tocopherol was slightly increased compared with control (P < 0.05). Restoration of circulatory and liver vitamin C and B3 was observed. The data demonstrate the close relationship between the diabetes-associated decrease in type I collagen deposition, altered amino acids metabolism and impaired availability of vitamins, which are necessary for collagen synthesis. Thus, NAm might be a useful agent for treatment of bone failures related to diabetes