A controlling cohomology of the deformation theory of Lie triple systems

AbstractThe deformation theory of Lie triple systems is developed. We shall present that the Yamaguti cohomology plays a crucial role in this theory

A case of Cowden syndrome with a novel mutation in the PTEN gene

Cowden syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by macrocephaly and multiple hamartomas. The responsible gene is PTEN (phosphate and tensin homolog detected on chromosome 10), which negatively regulates cell proliferation and survival. We herein present a 46-year-old woman with the typical clinical features of CS. A DNA sequencing analysis of the coding regions and flanking introns of the PTEN gene revealed a novel heterozygous mutation (c.403A > G, p.Ile135Val) in exon 5 that had not been previously reported in CS. J. Med. Invest

ヒフ ハツガン キコウ ト ブンシ ヒョウテキ チリョウヤク

Skin cancers are considered to develop through accumulations of genetic and/or epigenetic events in normal cells of the skin. Among them, we focus on common skin cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma. Many important molecules have been found to be involved in molecular carcinogenesis of these disorders, and some drugs targeting those molecules have been already developed. We review the updates on molecular carcinogenesis with our current works

Brodalumab in patients with GPP and PsE

Background A T‐helper (Th) cell subset Th17 preferentially produces interleukin (IL)‐17 and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, the pathological roles of IL‐17 cascades in generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) and psoriatic erythroderma (PsE) have not been well established. Objectives To evaluate the efficacy and safety of brodalumab, a human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal antibody against human IL ‐17‐receptor A (IL‐17RA), in Japanese patients with GPP and PsE. Methods This was an open‐label, multicentre, long‐term phase III study in Japanese patients with rare and severe types of psoriasis. Patients received brodalumab 140 mg at day 1 and weeks 1 and 2, and then every 2 weeks until week 52. The primary endpoint was the Clinical Global Impression of Improvement (CGI). Safety evaluations included treatment‐emergent adverse events (AEs) and changes in laboratory parameters. Results A total of 12 patients with GPP and 18 with PsE were enrolled. Ten patients with GPP and 16 with PsE completed the study. At week 52 (last observation carried forward), CGI remission or improvement was achieved in 11 patients with GPP and 18 with PsE. The most commonly reported AE was nasopharyngitis (33·3%). Five serious AE s occurred during the study. However, none was considered treatment‐related. Conclusions Brodalumab significantly improved the symptoms of patients with GPP and PsE throughout the 52 weeks, and demonstrated favourable safety profiles without any new safety signals. Inhibition of IL‐17RA‐mediated signalling by brodalumab is expected to be a promising new treatment option for patients with GPP and PsE

カンセン チリョウ ニ アタラシイ ジダイ ノ マクアケ : セイブツガクテキ セイザイ

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, which is clinically characterized by scaly erythemas on the whole body. In the fully developed lesions of psoriasis, the histological features have demonstrated epidermal hyperproliferation with infiltration of T lymphocytes in the dermal papillae. Although pre-biological systemic therapies has targeted mainly proliferative keratinocytes and activated T cells, their effects were limited or these therapies could not be applied for patients with severe organ failures. Therefore, more effective agents are expected to improve quality of life （QOL） of patients with psoriasis. Recent studies have showed what kinds of cells, cell surface molecules, and cytokines should play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Biological therapies targeting these molecules have proved to be so effective for obstinate lesions of psoriasis. Here, we describe clinical features and pathogenesis of psoriasis, and the characteristics of several conventional and biological therapies for psoriasis in Japan

Cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19） is an infectious disease caused by the new coronavirus（SARS-CoV-2） that originated in China in December 2019, and it has been reported that it mainly causes respiratory symptoms but also exhibits various skin symptoms associated. The skin lesions are classified into six patterns represented by the acronym “GROUCH” : Generalized maculo- popular. Grover’s disease and other papulo-vesicular eruptions, livedo Reticularis, Other eruptions, Urticarial, and CHilblain-like. Patients with chilblain-like lesions were younger and had a lower incidence of systemic symptoms. Purpuric and livedoid lesions have been suggested to occur more frequently in elderly patients with severe COVID-19. COVID-19 often leaves sequelae that last weeks to months after initial recovery. It was estimated that 80％ of the infected patients developed one or more long-term symptoms. The five most common symptoms were fatigue（58％）, headache（44％）, attention disorder（27％）, hair loss（25％）, and dyspnea（24％）. A major cause of hair loss after COVID-19 is considered as telogen effluvium, defined by diffuse hair loss after the systemic stress or infections. Most patients with hair loss recovers within 6 months. Skin reactions have been reported after COVID-19 vaccination as well. The most reported cutaneous finding was a delayed large local reaction “COVID-arm” a median of 7 days after vaccine. The pathophysiological mechanism is still unknown, but it is overwhelmingly common in women, suggesting a cross-reaction between polyethylene glycol, a component of cosmetics, and injection components. In additions, there have been reports of skin rashes similar to those after COVID-19 infection and the aggravation of psoriasis or other skin conditions. The mechanism of the cutaneous manifestations is still unclear. We must remember to ask about a history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination status at the time of consultation

Sputum eosinophilia can predict responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroid treatment in patients with overlap syndrome of COPD and asthma

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma may overlap and converge in older people (overlap syndrome). It was hypothesized that patients with overlap syndrome may have different clinical characteristics such as sputum eosinophilia, and better responsiveness to treatment with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). Methods: Sixty-three patients with stable COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1] <= 80%) underwent pulmonary function tests, including reversibility of airflow limitation, arterial blood gas analysis, analysis of inflammatory cells in induced sputum, and chest high-resolution computed tomography. The inclusion criteria for COPD patients with asthmatic symptoms included having asthmatic symptoms such as episodic breathlessness, wheezing, cough, and chest tightness worsening at night or in the early morning (COPD with asthma group). The clinical features of COPD patients with asthmatic symptoms were compared with those of COPD patients without asthmatic symptoms (COPD without asthma group). Results: The increases in FEV1 in response to treatment with ICS were significantly higher in the COPD with asthma group. The peripheral eosinophil counts and sputum eosinophil counts were significantly higher. The prevalence of patients with bronchial wall thickening on chest high-resolution computed tomography was significantly higher. A significant correlation was observed between the increases in FEV1 in response to treatment with ICS and sputum eosinophil counts, and between the increases in FEV1 in response to treatment with ICS and the grade of bronchial wall thickening. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed 82.4% sensitivity and 84.8% specificity of sputum eosinophil count for detecting COPD with asthma, using 2.5% as the cutoff value. Conclusion: COPD patients with asthmatic symptoms had some clinical features. ICS should be considered earlier as a potential treatment in such patients. High sputum eosinophil counts and bronchial wall thickening on chest high-resolution computed tomography might therefore be a good predictor of response to ICS.ArticleINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. 7:283-289 (2012)journal articl

二分亀頭を伴った陰茎海綿体異物の1例

We had an opportunity to treat a rare case of foreign body in the corpus cavernosum in a patient with cleft glans penis. The foreign body was a 13 cm wire, which was inserted by the patient himself for masturbation, and was removed surgically. To our knowledge, such a case has never been reported in the literature