Fatores de risco cardiovascular em pessoas semabrigo e na população geral da cidade do Porto, Portugal

We described the distribution of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among homeless people living in the city of Porto, Portugal. Comparisons were made between subsamples of homeless people recruited in different settings and between the overall homeless sample group and a sample of the general population. All "houseless" individuals attending one of two homeless hostels or two institutions providing meal programs on specific days were invited to participate and were matched with subjects from the general population. We estimated sex, age and education-adjusted prevalence ratios or mean differences. The prevalence of previous illicit drug consumption and imprisonment was almost twice as high among the homeless from institutions providing meal programs. This group also showed lower mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Prevalence of smoking was almost 50% higher in the overall homeless group. Mean body mass index and waist circumference were also lower in the homeless group and its members were almost five times less likely to report dyslipidemia. Our findings contribute to defining priorities for interventions directed at this segment of society and to reducing inequalities in this extremely underprivileged populatio

SARNET-2: Droplet Heat And Mass Transfer Elementary Benchmark - Comparison Report

In the past, validation of spray modelling has been performed on large-scale facilities (CVTR, NUPEC, CSE) using several spray nozzles. More specific studies have been proposed in the frame of SARNET-1 (on TOSQAN and MISTRA facilities), where it has been concluded that the level of validation obtained for spray modelling was encouraging for their use for risk analysis. However, further activities were well encouraged on this topic, such as benchmarks based on separate-effect tests. Three different separate-effect tests, so-called elementary tests, have thus been proposed by IRSN during the first SARNET-2 WP7-2 meeting in April 2009: heat and mass transfer (HMT) tests, momentum transfer on large spray, and aerosol collection on single droplet. This document presents the results for the first elementary benchmark on HMT tests. Code-experiment as well as code-to-code comparisons are presented here

Cardiovascular risk factors and 30-year cardiovascular risk in homeless adults with mental illness

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death among homeless people. This study examines CVD risk factors and 30-year CVD risk in a population of homeless individuals with mental illness. METHODS: CVD risks factors were assessed in 352 homeless individuals with mental illness in Toronto, Canada, at the time of their enrollment in the At Home/Chez Soi Project, a randomized trial of a Housing First intervention. The 30-year risk for CVD (coronary death, myocardial infarction, and fatal or nonfatal stroke) was calculated using published formulas and examined for association with need for mental health services, diagnosis of psychotic disorder, sex, ethnicity, access to a family physician and diagnosis of substance dependence. RESULTS: The 30-year CVD risk for study participants was 24.5 ± 18.4%, more than double the reference normal of 10.1 ± 7.21% (difference = −13.0% 95% CI −16.5% to −9.48%). Univariate analyses revealed 30-year CVD risk was greater among males (OR 3.99, 95% CI 2.47 to 6.56) and those who were diagnosed with substance dependence at baseline (OR 1.94 95% CI 1.23 to 3.06) and reduced among those who were non-white (OR 0.62 95% CI 0.39 to 0.97). In adjusted analyses, only male sex (OR 4.71 95% CI 2.76 to 8.05) and diagnosis of substance dependence (OR 1.78 95% CI 1.05 to 3.00) remained associated with increased CVD risk. CONCLUSIONS: Homeless people with mental illness have highly elevated 30-year CVD risk, particularly among males and those diagnosed with substance dependence. This study adds to the literature by reporting on CVD risk in a particularly vulnerable population of homeless individuals experiencing mental illness, and by using a 30-year CVD risk calculator which provides a longer time-frame during which the effect of modifiable CVD risk factors could be mitigated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN42520374 ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1472-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users