COVID-19. Pandemic surgery guidance

Abstract – Based on high quality surgery and scientific data, scientists and surgeons are committed to protecting patients as well as healthcare staff and hereby provide this Guidance to address the special issues circumstances related to the exponential spread of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during this pandemic. As a basis, the authors used the British Intercollegiate General Surgery Guidance as well as recommendations from the USA, Asia, and Italy. The aim is to take responsibility and to provide guidance for surgery during the COVID-19 crisis in a simplified way addressing the practice of surgery, healthcare staff and patient safety and care. It is the responsibility of scientists and the surgical team to specify what is needed for the protection of patients and the affiliated healthcare team. During crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the responsibility and duty to provide the necessary resources such as filters, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) consisting of gloves, fluid resistant (Type IIR) surgical face masks (FRSM), filtering face pieces, class 3 (FFP3 masks), face shields and gowns (plastic ponchos), is typically left up to the hospital administration and government. Various scientists and clinicians from disparate specialties provided a Pandemic Surgery Guidance for surgical procedures by distinct surgical disciplines such as numerous cancer surgery disciplines, cardiothoracic surgery, ENT, eye, dermatology, emergency, endocrine surgery, general surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, pediatric surgery, reconstructive and plastic surgery, surgical critical care, transplantation surgery, trauma surgery and urology, performing different surgeries, as well as laparoscopy, thoracoscopy and endoscopy. Any suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be very welcome as we are all involved and locked in a rapidly evolving process on increasing COVID-19 knowledg

Literaturübersicht zur prädiktiven Validität des Static-99 im deutschsprachigen Raum

<jats:title>Zusammenfassung</jats:title><jats:p>In diesem Artikel werden die Ergebnisse von 18 Studien aus Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz hinsichtlich der Rückfälligkeit von Sexualstraftätern und der prädiktiven Validität des Static-99 beschrieben. Auf dieser Grundlage wurden für den Static-99 gewichtete Mittelwerte der „area under the curve“ (AUC) berechnet. Es zeigt sich, dass der Static-99 im deutschsprachigen Raum valide Vorhersagen zu unterschiedlichen Rückfallstraftaten treffen kann (mittlere AUC = 0,68 bis 0,72). Die AUC-Werte werden für verschiedene Täter- und Altersgruppen nachgewiesen und variieren meist zwischen 0,67 und 0,76. Die Rückfallkategorien des Static-99 erweisen sich ebenfalls als gültig. Schwächere Werte werden für die Anwendung bei Personen, die wegen eines Sexualdelikts gegen Erwachsene verurteilt wurden und für die Vorhersage nichtsexueller Gewalttaten berichtet. Eine Diskussion der Ergebnisse sowie ein Ausblick auf die zukünftige Forschung werden gegeben.</jats:p&gt

Analyzing synergistic and non-synergistic interactions in signalling pathways using Boolean Nested Effect Models

Motivation: Understanding the structure and interplay of cellular signalling pathways is one of the great challenges in molecular biology. Boolean Networks can infer signalling networks from observations of protein activation. In situations where it is difficult to assess protein activation directly, Nested Effect Models are an alternative. They derive the network structure indirectly from downstream effects of pathway perturbations. To date, Nested Effect Models cannot resolve signalling details like the formation of signalling complexes or the activation of proteins by multiple alternative input signals. Here we introduce Boolean Nested Effect Models (B-NEM). B-NEMs combine the use of downstream effects with the higher resolution of signalling pathway structures in Boolean Networks. Results: We show that B-NEMs accurately reconstruct signal flows in simulated data. Using B-NEM we then resolve BCR signalling via PI3K and TAK1 kinases in BL2 lymphoma cell lines

Genomic data integration using guided clustering

MOTIVATION: In biomedical research transcriptomic, proteomic or metabolomic profiles of patient samples are often combined with genomic profiles from experiments in cell lines or animal models. Integrating experimental data with patient data is still a challenging task due to the lack of tailored statistical tools. RESULTS: Here we introduce guided clustering, a new data integration strategy that combines experimental and clinical high-throughput data. Guided clustering identifies sets of genes that stand out in experimental data while at the same time display coherent expression in clinical data. We report on two potential applications: The integration of clinical microarray data with (i) genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and (ii) with cell perturbation assays. Unlike other analysis strategies, guided clustering does not analyze the two datasets sequentially but instead in a single joint analysis. In a simulation study and in several biological applications, guided clustering performs favorably when compared with sequential analysis approaches. AVAILABILITY: Guided clustering is available as a R-package from http://compdiag.uni-regensburg.de/software/guidedClustering.shtml. Documented R code of all our analysis is included in the Supplementary Materials. All newly generated data are available at the GEO database (GSE29700)

Influence of Intrabeam Scattering on the Emittance of PETRA III

PETRA III is a 6 GeV hard X-ray synchrotron radiation source at DESY in Hamburg (Germany) and is in user operation since 2010. The natural emittance of PETRA III is extremely low with 1.3 nm*rad and the coupling is typically less than 1%. PETRA III is operated with a beam current of 100 mA using two different filling modes: a continuous mode with 960 bunches and a timing mode with 40~bunches. It has been observed that the horizontal emittance depends on the filling pattern and is in timing mode slightly larger compared to the emittance in the continuous mode. Despite the high energy of 6 GeV intrabeam scattering contributes for a slight emittance growth due to the small natural emittance and coupling of the machine. The increase of the emittance as a function of the single bunch current has been measured by using different filling patterns at a fixed beam current of 100 mA. The measurements of the emittance and the lifetime as a function of the single bunch current will be compared with theoretical expectations of the emittance growth due to intrabeam scattering and the Touschek lifetime

Influence of Intrabeam Scattering on the Emittance of PETRA III

PETRA III is a 6 GeV hard X-ray synchrotron radiation source at DESY in Hamburg (Germany) and is in user operation since 2010. The natural emittance of PETRA III is extremely low with 1.3 nm*rad and the coupling is typically less than 1%. PETRA III is operated with a beam current of 100 mA using two different filling modes: a continuous mode with 960 bunches and a timing mode with 40~bunches. It has been observed that the horizontal emittance depends on the filling pattern and is in timing mode slightly larger compared to the emittance in the continuous mode. Despite the high energy of 6 GeV intrabeam scattering contributes for a slight emittance growth due to the small natural emittance and coupling of the machine. The increase of the emittance as a function of the single bunch current has been measured by using different filling patterns at a fixed beam current of 100 mA. The measurements of the emittance and the lifetime as a function of the single bunch current will be compared with theoretical expectations of the emittance growth due to intrabeam scattering and the Touschek lifetime

Optimization of the Injection Kicker Bump Leakage at PETRA III

PETRA III is a third generation synchrotron light source at DESY delivering high brightness photon beams for users at 21 beam lines. It is operated at 6 GeV with a beam current of 100 mA in top-up mode and is in operation for users since 2010. An off-axis injection scheme is used to accumulate beam from the booster synchrotron DESY II in PETRA III. Three fast injection kicker magnets generate a closed orbit bump for one turn to move the stored beam near to the injection septum magnet. Ideally the orbit bump generated by the 10 µs long half-sine pulses of the kickers should be closed. Due to differences in pulse shape as well as timing and amplitude errors of the pulses there is some leakage of the injection bump which disturbs the closed orbit and affects the beam quality during top-up operation. Turn-by-turn data from the beam position monitor (BPM) system of PETRA III have been used to measure the bump leakage for different bucket positions in the filling pattern. The procedure to reduce the injection kicker bump leakage and the achieved improvement will be discussed

Optimization of the Injection Kicker Bump Leakage at PETRA III

PETRA III is a third generation synchrotron light source at DESY delivering high brightness photon beams for users at 21 beam lines. It is operated at 6 GeV with a beam current of 100 mA in top-up mode and is in operation for users since 2010. An off-axis injection scheme is used to accumulate beam from the booster synchrotron DESY II in PETRA III. Three fast injection kicker magnets generate a closed orbit bump for one turn to move the stored beam near to the injection septum magnet. Ideally the orbit bump generated by the 10 µs long half-sine pulses of the kickers should be closed. Due to differences in pulse shape as well as timing and amplitude errors of the pulses there is some leakage of the injection bump which disturbs the closed orbit and affects the beam quality during top-up operation. Turn-by-turn data from the beam position monitor (BPM) system of PETRA III have been used to measure the bump leakage for different bucket positions in the filling pattern. The procedure to reduce the injection kicker bump leakage and the achieved improvement will be discussed