Formation of the Electric Field Distribution in Thin Electro-Optic Layers for Precision Correction their Optical Characteristics

A method of making given field distribution within thin electro-optical layers by using narrow band electrodes placed at the same electric potential. A formula for electric field intensity produced by a single band electrode is obtained. Electric field modeling for different band electrode configurations is undertaken. It was shown, by applying piezoresponse force microscopy, that in case of highly inhomogeneous field the polarization of lithium niobate electro-optical film persisted only in the area above the band electrode. Lithium niobate, electro-optical structures, piezoresponse force microscopy, Computer simulation

Synthesis and Nanoscale Characterization of LiNbO3 Thin Films Deposited on Al2O3 Substrate by RF Magnetron Sputtering under Electric Field

LiNbO3 thin films were deposited on Al2O3 substrates by RF-magnetron sputtering with in-situ electric field to study the self-polarization effect. The films have been characterized crystallographically by x-ray diffraction, and morphologically by atomic force microscopy. The films contain crystallites of LiNbO3 with preferable orientation [012] along the normal to the Al2O3 substrate surface (012). Piezoresponse force microscopy was used to study vertical and lateral polarization direction in LiNbO3 thin films. The analysis of the histograms of vertical piezoresponse images allowed to reveal self-polarization effect in films. The local piezoelectric hysteresis performed on the nanometer scale indicates switching behavior of polarization for LiNbO3 thin film

Formation of the Electric Field Distribution in Thin Electro-Optic Layers for Precision Correction their Optical Characteristics

A method of making given field distribution within thin electro-optical layers by using narrow band electrodes placed at the same electric potential. A formula for electric field intensity produced by a single band electrode is obtained. Electric field modeling for different band electrode configurations is undertaken. It was shown, by applying piezoresponse force microscopy, that in case of highly inhomogeneous field the polarization of lithium niobate electro-optical film persisted only in the area above the band electrode. Lithium niobate, electro-optical structures, piezoresponse force microscopy, Computer simulation

Synthesis and Nanoscale Characterization of LiNbO3 Thin Films Deposited on Al2O3 Substrate by RF Magnetron Sputtering under Electric Field

LiNbO3 thin films were deposited on Al2O3 substrates by RF-magnetron sputtering with in-situ electric field to study the self-polarization effect. The films have been characterized crystallographically by x-ray diffraction, and morphologically by atomic force microscopy. The films contain crystallites of LiNbO3 with preferable orientation [012] along the normal to the Al2O3 substrate surface (012). Piezoresponse force microscopy was used to study vertical and lateral polarization direction in LiNbO3 thin films. The analysis of the histograms of vertical piezoresponse images allowed to reveal self-polarization effect in films. The local piezoelectric hysteresis performed on the nanometer scale indicates switching behavior of polarization for LiNbO3 thin film

SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE DIRHODIUM TETRAACETATE-DI(CYCLOHEXYLISOCYANIDE) COMPLEX

Abstract: Dirhodium acetate di(cyclohexylisocyanide) [Rh2(O2CCH3)4(C≡NCy)2] is prepared by treating Rh2(OAc)4 with cyclohexylisocyanide. The crystal structure of [Rh2(O2CCH3)4(C≡NCy)2] is determined by a single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The title compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (space group Ibam). According to the single crystal XRD analysis data, the Rh atom exhibits a slightly distorted octahedral coordination geometry. The Rh1–Rh1–C1 fragment is almost linear (177.87°); ORhO angles are 88.28°, 88.79°, and 91.25°. In addition, the structure of the title compound is unambiguously confirmed by the aggregation of elemental analysis (C, H, N), ESI+–MS, and IR spectroscopy data. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Aurophilic Interactions in Cationic Three-Coordinate Gold(I) Bipyridyl/Isocyanide Complex

Gold(I) isocyanide complexes featuring Au---Au interactions attract considerable attention because of their tunable photophysical properties. Although the synthetic exploration of isocyanide gold(I) complexes seems reasonable, their structural diversity is mainly limited to linear gold(I) derivatives. The synthesis and structural characterization of cationic three-coordinate gold(I) mixed 22-bipyridyl/isocyanide complex are presented here for the first time. Cationic gold species form supramolecular dimers in the solid state via attractive Au---Au interactions. The nature and energies of aurophilic contacts, which are responsible for dimerization in the solid state, were studied by DFT calculations together with QTAIM, ELF, RDG, and NCI techniques and Hirshfeld surface analysis. The estimated energy of the aurophilic interactions was 6.3 kcal/mol. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Exploring Supramolecular Assembly Space of Cationic 1,2,4-Selenodiazoles: Effect of the Substituent at the Carbon Atom and Anions

Chalcogenodiazoles have been intensively studied in recent years in the context of their supramolecular chemistry. In contrast, the newly discovered cationic 1,2,4-selenodiazole supramolecular building blocks, which can be obtained via coupling between 2-pyridylselenyl halides and nitriles, are virtually unexplored. A significant advantage of the latter is their facile structural tenability via the variation of nitriles, which could allow a fine tuning of their self-assembly in the solid state. Here, we explore the influence of the substituent (which derives from the nitrile) and counterions on the supramolecular assembly of cationic 1,2,4-selenodiazoles via chalcogen bonding. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Triarylazoimidazole-ZnII, CdII, and HgII Complexes: Structures, Photophysics, and Antibacterial Properties

Novel triarylazoimidazoles containing strong electron donors (p-NEt2) or acceptors (p-NO2) by the azoaryl group, and their group 12 metal complexes were synthesized and fully characterized, including X-ray analysis for several complexes. Novel complexes exhibit red photo-luminescence emission (Φ up to  0.21) in a solution. Moreover, the antibacterial activity of complexes was tested against Gram-positive microorganism S. aureus and Gram-negative microorganism

Azoimidazole gold(III) complexes: Synthesis, structural characterization and self-assembly in the solid state

Preparation of novel triarylazoimidazole trichlorogold(III) complexes is described. The new compounds were characterized using C, H, N elemental analyses, IR, UV/Vis and X-ray diffraction analysis. Structural characterization revealed that the distances N(imidazolic)···Au (2.030 Å (4) and 2.037 Å (5)) are significantly shorter than N(azo group)···Au (2.853 Å (4) and 2.899 Å (5)) indicating that the azo group is rather weakly coordinated at the Au(III) metal center. Thus, triarylazoimidazole trichlorogold(III) complexes could be described as square planar gold(III) complexes with weakly binding to the gold(III) center azogroup. Non-covalent chlorine···chlorine interactions were detected for 5 in the solid state and studied by DFT calculations and topological analysis of the electron density distribution within the framework of Bader's theory (QTAIM method). Theoretical studies demonstrated that short non-covalent Cl···Cl interactions (3.202 Å) play crucial role in self-assembly of high-valent Au(III) chloride. © 2021 Elsevier B.V