Application of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans for recovering metals from electronic waste dust

The paper discusses metal recovery from metallic wastes by means of pure chemical and biological leaching in an acidic medium. The research tested whether it is possible to remove Cu, Al, Sn and Ag from the dust formed during processing of electronic waste by means of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. A laboratory flow bioreactor was designed and assembled for the purpose of the experiments. The experiments confirmed the effect of the bacteria on the dissolution of Cu, Al, and Sn, as well as different efficiency levels depending on the type of the leached material. The experimental results confirmed the positive effect of the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans bacteria on the recovery of Cu, Al and mainly Sn into the leaching solutions from the leached dust.Web of Science54225724

Assessment of mining activities with respect to the environmental protection

This paper deals with the impact of mining on the environment. Coal mining is still among the most widespread and most intense mining activity, which disturbs the landscape around us bringing regional environmental, economic and aesthetic problems. However, for many countries in the world, including the Czech Republic, deposits of raw materials play an important role, especially for purposes of producing electricity and thermal energy. At the same time, growing emphasis laid on the environmental protection can be observed worldwide. To meet the increasing ecological demands, it is reasonable to consider the most significant aspects of mining activities from the environmental point of view, as well as to consider the possibilities of the abandoned mines utilization as possible waste dumps. Parts of this problem consist in: the monitoring, environmental impacts assessment of exploration and mining activities and waste disposal mining, which may significantly contribute to the environmental protection in the future. Several parameters that can significantly affect the usability of the waste disposal mining, such as geological structure, hydro-geological conditions, material composition and physical and mechanical properties of rocks are discussed in detail in this work. The article also includes a practical example of Environmental Impact Assessment process for the particular activity of OKD stock company, which is the only producer of hard coal (bituminous coal) in the Czech Republic. Its coal is mined in the southern part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin - in the Ostrava-Karvina coal district. KeywordsWeb of Science221937

Pelletization of invasive Reynoutria Japonica with spruce sawdust for energy recovery

The article focuses on processing of Reynoutria japonica an invasive alien species that is generally extirpated with major costs for its negative impact on biodiversity. It is the biodegradable waste that could be effectively used in energy industry. By examining first energy data (ash content, low melting temperature, nitrogen content etc.) it was found that Reynoutria japonica is not possible to be used separately for energy purposes. Therefore, the alternative of pelletizing six mixtures containing Reynoutria japonica and spruce sawdust in various content ratio was examined with the aim to produce alternative fuel pellets for automated boilers. The pelletization conditions were determined and the pellets quality was evaluated (durability, density etc.). Ash melting temperature was also evaluated. It was found none of the prepared mixtures needed an additional binder for a pelletizing process. It was assessed that the Reynoutria japonica input sample did not need to be dried after collection, since its moisture was sufficient for the pelletization. All samples met the parameters of the calorific value, which is greater than 10 MJ.Web of Science6361058104

Využití ozonizace k intenzifikaci nitrifikačních a denitrifikačních procesů

Nitrogen and phosphorus belong to most important biogenic macro elements and both are required for the growth of microorganisms. Sewage waste waters and industrial waste waters from nitrogen production are important sources of organic and inorganic nitrogen compounds in water. Surface water predominantly contains nitrogen in a form of ammonium cations (NH4+). This knowledge could be used in waste water treatment. The paper deals with a potential application of ozonation in waste water treatment to treat waste water polluted with excessive amounts of organic compounds, primarily containing nitrogen and its subsequent co-application with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs).Dusík a fosfor patří mezi nejdůležitější makrobiogenní prvky, které jsou nezbytné pro rozvoj mikroorganismů. Významným zdrojem organických i anorganických sloučenin dusíku ve vodách jsou splaškové odpadní vody a průmyslové odpadní vody z výroby dusíkatých látek. V povrchové vodě se většina amoniaku nachází ve formě amonných kationtů, NH4+. Tohoto poznatku lze využít v procesu čištění odpadních vod. Článek je zaměřen na možné využití procesu ozonizace při úpravě a čištění vod znečištěných nadměrným množstvím organických látek obsahujících zejména dusík dusíkatých látek a jeho následné aplikaci v kombinaci s jinými oxidačními procesy (AOP)

Separation of Copper from Acidic Etching Solutions

This study deals with the issue of copper separation from acidic etching solutions formed during the process of production of printed circuit boards (PCBs)fortheelectricaland electronic industries.The article describes the selected methods of copperseparation and summarizes the results of an experiment,in which the efficiency of copper recovery from the depleted acid solutions by the cementationand precipitation method was verified. In the process of cementation, iron in the form of metallicswarf was used as a precipitant. To verify the efficiency of the precipitation method, CaCO3limestone,Ca(OH)2calcium hydroxide and NaOH solution were used. During the measurement, the amount of Cu in the solution was observedfor both methods in dependence on time, temperature,and p

Biochemické metody úpravy jemnozrnných uhelných odpadů

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVŠB - Technická univerzita Ostrava. Fakulta hornicko-geologick

Aplikace bakteriálního loužení při odsíření uhlí

PrezenčníNeuvedenoNeuveden

Biodegradace vybraných škodlivin v půdách a čistírenských kalech

PrezenčníNeuvedenoNeuveden

Biodegradace PAU, PCB a NEL ve vzorku sedimentů z Černého Příkopu (Česká republika)

The thesis deals with the issue of biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and petroleum hydrocarbons in the sediments sample from Černý příkop. The sediments of Černý příkop constitute an important environmental load for the territory of Ostrava City. The sediment differs from ordinary soil matters by its high content of natural organic substances; the TOC content is 37 %, to which the PAHs and PCBs primarily adsorb. Standard species of pure bacterial cultures of Pseudomonas putida and Rhodococcus sp. were used for the biodegradation. Regardless of the high efficiency of degradation of the monitored pollutants, the limit values, specified by the decree no. 294/2005 Coll. on conditions of storage of waste on dumps and its use on terrain surface, were not achieved. The conclusions and possible proposals of measures were elaborated as a basis for further long-term monitoring.Práce se zabývá biodegradací polycyklických aromatických uhlovodíků, polychlorovaných bifenylů a nepolárních extrahovatelných látek ve vzorku sedimentů z Černého příkopu. Sedimenty Černého příkopu představují významnou ekologickou zátěž na území města Ostravy. Od běžných zemin se sediment liší vysokým obsahem přirozených organických látek, obsah TOC je 37 %, na které se PAU a PCB primárně adsorbují. Pro biodegradaci byly použity standardní druhy čistých bakteriálních kultur Pseudomonas putida a Rhodococcus sp. I přes vysokou účinnost odbourávání sledovaných polutantů nebylo dosaženo limitních hodnot stanovených vyhláškou č. 294/2005 Sb., o podmínkách ukládání odpadů na skládky a jejich využívání na povrchu terénu. Závěry a případné návrhy opatření byly zpracovány jako podklad pro další dlouhodobá sledování

Environmental characteristics of the mining area affected by sulphide minerals and acidification (Banská Štiavnica, Slovakia)

The area of Sedem Žien tailing pond and the nearby Šobov hydroquartzite quarry affected by mining activity were investigated by geochemical and mineralogical methods to determine the contaminating chemical compounds and study their availability. Degradation of the hydrothermal base mineralisation (galena, sphalerite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite) and of fine-grained pyrite oxidation, which forms impregnations in hydroquartzite produce Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The area is acidified and the country components (soil, rock, water) are contaminated mainly by Pb, Zn and Fe. The tailing pond dam forming soils show acid pH (2.28-3.25), whereas the soil on the tailing pond surface is close neutral pH (7.26). The leaching availability of the metals from the soil is up to 75%. The AMD from the hydroquartzite quarry is in comparison with those percolating the tailing pond sediments very acid (pH 2.71) and contains high concentration of metals (Fe 311 mg.L-1, Zn 1690 µg.L-1, Cu 890 µg.L-1, Pb 126 µg.L-1).Za pomocą metod geochemicznych i mineralogicznych, zbadano obszar osadnika Sedem Žien i pobliskiego kamieniołomu hydro-kwarcytu Šobov, dotkniętych działalnością górniczą, w celu określenia związków chemicznych zanieczyszczających te tereny i zbadania ich dostępności. Degradacja hydrotermalna oparta na mineralizacji (galena, sfaleryt, piryt, pirotyn i chalkopiryt) i utlenianiu drobnoziarnistego pirytu, której formy impregnują hydro-kwarcyt, produkuje kwaśne odcieki z kopalń (AMD). Obszar jest zakwaszony, a składniki lokalne (gleba, skała, woda) są zanieczyszczone, głównie przez Pb, Zn i Fe. Zanieczyszczenia zapory osadnika tworzą gleby kwaśne (pH 2,28 - 3,25), natomiast zanieczyszczona gleba na powierzchni osadnika jest zbliżona do odczynu obojętnego (pH 7,26). Dostępność ługowania metali z gleby wynosi tu aż do 75%. AMD z kamieniołomu hydro-kwarcytu, jest porównywalna z tymi przenikającymi, bardzo kwaśnymi (pH 2,71), zanieczyszczeniami sedymentacyjnymi osadnika i zawiera wysokie stężenia metali (Fe 311 mg.L-1, Zn 1690 μg.L-1, Cu 890 μg.L-1, Pb 126 μg.L-1)