Culture characteristics of <i>Schizophyllum commune</i> and computed tomography image of a patient with allergic <i>S</i>. <i>commune</i> infection.

<p>(a) Sabouraud’s dextrose agar petri plate showing white cottony growth of non-sporulating basidiomycete (<i>Schizophylum commune</i>) after 10 days of incubation at 28°C. (b) Lactophenol cotton blue mount of slide culture on potato dextrose agar of <i>S</i>. <i>commune</i> showing clamp connections and spicules after 2 weeks of incubation at 28°C (400x). (c) Plate showing basidiocarp (fruiting body) of <i>S</i>. <i>commune</i> after 4–5 weeks of incubation at 28°C with periodic exposure to light. (d) High-resolution computed tomography of thorax of patient with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis due to <i>S</i>. <i>commune</i> showing central bronchiectasis in both the upper lobes.</p

Minimum spanning tree showing wide genotypic diversity both in the clinical <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> isolates from India and those outside India.

<p>The figure shows the 115 different genotypes (circles), the number of strains belonging to the same genotype (sizes of the circles), and origin of isolates (circles in yellow indicate Indian isolates; green indicating European isolates including France (n = 4), Slovenia (n = 1), Germany (n = 2), Italy (n = 2), Norway (n = 2), Spain (n = 4), Netherlands (n = 5); pink indicate isolates from Australasia, including New Guinea (n = 2), New Zealand (n = 1), Taiwan (n = 1), China (n = 1), Thailand (n = 1); bright blue indicates isolate from Panama (Latin America; n = 1); dark blue indicates North American (n = 20) isolates). Gray-zone indicates microsatellite cluster representing minimal 2 isolates that differ maximum by 1 microsatellite marker out of 9. Thick and medium-thick branches indicate 1 or 2 microsatellite marker differences, respectively. Thick dashed line indicates 3 marker differences between two genotypes; 4 or more microsatellite markers differences between genotypes are indicated by medium thick and thin dashed lines, respectively.</p

Analysis of genotypic relationship between <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> isolates from India (n = 101), Europe (20), USA (20), Panama (n = 1), New Zealand (n = 1), Papua New Guinea (n = 2), China (n = 1), Taiwan (n = 1) and Thailand (n = 1) using STR typing.

<p>The dendrogram is based on a categorical analysis of 9 microsatellite markers in combination with UPGMA clustering. The scale bar indicates the percentage identity.</p

Phylogenetic tree based on partial sequence of <i>calmodulin</i> gene using maximum likelihood analysis depicting intraspecies variation among <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> isolates.

<p><i>Aspergillus terreus</i> (CBS 601.65^T), <i>Aspergillus alabamensis</i> (UAB38), <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> var. <i>africanus</i> (syn. <i>A</i>. <i>neoafricanus</i> CBS 130.55^T), <i>A</i>. <i>aureoterreus</i> (CBS 265.81^T), <i>A</i>. <i>hortai</i> (IBT16744, IBT16745 and IBT26384) of <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> section <i>Terrei</i> were taken as outliers for the analysis. Bootstrap values are shown above the branches. Environmental isolates are denoted by E, and clinical isolates are denoted by C.</p

Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis showing genotypic diversity among 122 clinical and environmental Indian A. terreus isolates.

<p><i>Aspergillus terreus</i> (CBS 601.65^T), <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> var. <i>africanus</i> (syn. <i>A</i>. <i>neoafricanus</i> CBS 130.55^T), <i>A</i>. <i>terreus</i> var. <i>floccosus</i> (syn. <i>A</i>. <i>floccosus</i> CBS 116.37^T) were used for the analysis. The dendrogram was constructed by using UPGMA (unweighted pair group method with averages) in combination with the Pearson correlation coefficient and was restricted to fragments of 60–400 bp. Scale bar indicates the percentage similarity.</p