Modern Electrical Drives: Trends, Problems, and Challenges

Modern electrical drives possess many advantages. Electrical energy, compared to other sources, is easy to transport and can be environmentally friendly (if it comes from renewable sources). Electrical drives convert energy with high efficiency and have flexible control characteristics. They offer a wide range of speed, torque, and power operations. Furthermore, in general, they can serve as electrical generators

Application of fuzzy type II multi-layer Kalman filter for parameters identification of two-mass drive system

The paper describes a novel online identification algorithm for a two-mass drive system. The multi-layer extended Kalman Filter (MKF) is proposed in the paper. The proposed estimator has two layers. In the first one, three single extended Kalman filters (EKF) are placed. In the second layer, based on the incoming signals from the first layer, the final states and parameters of the two-mass system are calculated. In the considered drive system, the stiffness coefficient of the elastic shaft and the time constant of the load machine is estimated. To improve the quality of estimated states, an additional system based on II types of fuzzy sets is proposed. The application of fuzzy MKF allows for a shorter identification time, as well as improves the accuracy of estimated parameters. The identified parameters of the two-mass system are used to calculate the coefficients of the implemented control structure. Theoretical considerations are supported by simulations and experimental tests

COVID-19 — przebieg kliniczny u pacjentki przewlekle hemodializowanej — opis przypadku i przegląd piśmiennictwa

In Poland over 21,000 patients are treated with renalreplacement therapy by hemodialysis; in the PomeranianVoivodeship over 1,300 people. During the halfyear of the COVID-19 pandemic, only one patientchronically hemodialysed in the Pomeranian Voivodeshipconfirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patientwas admitted to the hospital dedicated to patientsinfected with SARS-CoV-2, where hemodialysis wascontinued. Hospitalization lasted 35 days, the patientwas discharged after obtaining 3 negative results RT--PCR SARS-CoV-2. The article describes the clinicalcourse of the infection and reviews the literature.W Polsce ponad 21 000 chorych jest leczonych nerkozastępczo metodą hemodializy; w województwie pomorskim jest to ponad 1300 osób. Przez pół roku trwania pandemii COVID-19 zakażenie SARS- -CoV-2 potwierdzono tylko u jednej pacjentki przewlekle hemodializowanej w województwie pomorskim. Chora została przyjęta do jednoimiennego szpitala zakaźnego, gdzie kontynuowano zabiegi hemodializy. Hospitalizacja trwała 35 dób, chorą wypisano po uzyskaniu 3 ujemnych wyników testu RT-PCR SARS- -CoV-2. W artykule opisano przebieg kliniczny zakażenia i dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa

A Fuzzy Unscented Kalman Filter in the Adaptive Control System of a Drive System with a Flexible Joint

This paper presents an application of an Unscented- and a Fuzzy Unscented- Kalman Filter (UKF and FUKF) to the estimation of mechanical state variables and parameters in a drive system with an elastic connection. The cascade control structure incorporating an IP controller supported by two additional feedbacks and suitable adaptation mechanism is investigated in this study. The coefficients of the control structure are retuned on the basis of the value of mechanical parameters estimated by filter. The effectiveness of the proposed approaches (classical and fuzzy) is researched through simulation and experimental tests

Model Predictive Base Direct Speed Control of Induction Motor Drive—Continuous and Finite Set Approaches

In the paper a comparative study of the two control structures based on MPC (Model Predictive Control) for an electrical drive system with an induction motor are presented. As opposed to the classical approach, in which DFOC (Direct Field Oriented Control) with four controllers is considered, in the current study only one MPC controller is utilized. The proposed control structures have a cascade free structure that consists of a vector of electromagnetic (torque, flux) and mechanical (speed) states of the system. The first investigated framework is based on the finite-set MPC. A short horizon predictive window is selected. The continuous set MPC is used in the second framework. In this case the predictive horizon contains several samples. The computational complexity of the algorithm is reduced by applying its explicit version. Different implementation aspects of both MPC structures, for instance the model used in prediction, complexity of the control algorithms, and their properties together with the noise level are analyzed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated by some experimental tests