Optical investigations on rubrene in the condensed state

The incomplete understanding of the optical properties of rubrene, a material with a promising potential for future application in organic devices, inspired the present study. The main goal of the present investigations was the understanding of the optical excitation and relaxation mechanisms in rubrene (Rub) single crystals. A detailed analysis of the optical characteristics of Rub was carried out by using angle resolved absorption spectroscopy, excitation fluorescence spectroscopy, time-integrated / time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, and theoretical modelling. The fluorescence spectrum shows a strong reversible variation with temperature. The spectral changes are accompanied by a very strong (x 6 500) increase of the luminescence intensity at low temperatures. Time-resolved measurements show a strong (x 120) increase of the photoluminescence decay time upon cooling. A theoretical model of the excitation relaxation mechanism in Rub single crystal was proposed and used for the explanation of the experimentally observed temperature evolution of the photoluminescence spectra. The activation energies of non-radiative quenching mechanisms and radiative / non-radiative rates were estimated from fits to the experimental data by the proposed theoretical model. The experimental study in combination with the theoretical study of the optical spectra of Rub crystals yielded a picture that describes the excitation relaxation mechanism in Rub single crystal. This knowledge is important for the fundamental understanding of the complicated excitation and relaxation mechanisms in organic materials and could be hence usefully for optimisation of organic materials for optoelectronic applications

Molecular cloning and expression pattern of rpr-1, a resiniferatoxin-binding, phosphotriesterase-related protein, expressed in rat kidney tubules1The sequence of rpr-1 has the EMBL accession number X99477.1

AbstractBacterial phosphotriesterases are enzymes that hydrolyse phosphotriester-containing organophosphate pesticides. Resiniferatoxin is a vanilloid that desensitises nociceptive neurons. By screening a rat cDNA library with labelled resiniferatoxin, we unexpectedly isolated a novel rat phosphotriesterase homologue, here named rpr-1, that encodes a 349 amino acid, 39 kDa protein (confirmed by in vitro translation). Northern blotting and in situ hybridisation show expression primarily in proximal tubules of the kidney, in which rpr-1 distribution correlates with resiniferatoxin-binding activity. These results suggest an unsuspected link between the phosphotriesterase enzyme family and resiniferatoxin toxicity and pharmacology

A divergent canonical WNT-signaling pathway regulates microtubule dynamics: Dishevelled signals locally to stabilize microtubules

Dishevelled (DVL) is associated with axonal microtubules and regulates microtubule stability through the inhibition of the serine/threonine kinase, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β). In the canonical WNT pathway, the negative regulator Axin forms a complex with β-catenin and GSK-3β, resulting in β-catenin degradation. Inhibition of GSK-3β by DVL increases β-catenin stability and TCF transcriptional activation. Here, we show that Axin associates with microtubules and unexpectedly stabilizes microtubules through DVL. In turn, DVL stabilizes microtubules by inhibiting GSK-3β through a transcription- and β-catenin–independent pathway. More importantly, axonal microtubules are stabilized after DVL localizes to axons. Increased microtubule stability is correlated with a decrease in GSK-3β–mediated phosphorylation of MAP-1B. We propose a model in which Axin, through DVL, stabilizes microtubules by inhibiting a pool of GSK-3β, resulting in local changes in the phosphorylation of cellular targets. Our data indicate a bifurcation in the so-called canonical WNT-signaling pathway to regulate microtubule stability

Transformation of Resource Allocation Processes Based on Digital Technologies

The article seeks to reveal the features of the transformation of the processes of resource provision of enterprises. In fact, a mechanism for providing resources based on digital technologies for the implementation of enterprise development programs has been developed. New approaches to the interaction of enterprises for creating digital models of development process management are formulated. A system of interaction between enterprises in the digital economy is proposed, which makes it possible to make decisions when allocating resources effectively. Among the main problems identified is the low efficiency of the methodological mechanism for resource allocation. Based on the outcomes, it can be concluded that the creation of digital technology is becoming one of the main advantages of the mutual linking of sources of the resource base at all levels of management

PSYCHOLOGICAL PREDICTORS COMPLEX CHARACTERIZING HUMAN BEHAVIOR ONLINE

Current political situation in the world needs elaboration of approaches to ensuring a psychologically safe behavior of users in the information space. That is why significant problem is to analyze the complex of socio-psychological predictors characterizing user's behavior on the Internet space, as well as multivariate analysis of external and internal environment with the aim of providing opportunities of positive influence on the network users in case of negative personal tendencies. Planned: identify a set of psychological predictors; system-integrated, multi-factor analysis of the external and internal environment of the user; study of the dynamics of user behavior changes in order to identify periods characteristic of negative personal tendencies, and to determine their connection with the influence of meteorological conditions, seasonality and identified cases of a destructive impact on the user; determination of exposure to the influence of social network users, depending on the factors of their internal and external environment. Results of the study will provide the ability to provision point to a positive impact on the clusters of users corresponding to the types of temperament and periods, characterized or uncharacterized of their negative personal trends, including those identified in the cases of destructive impact on the user's of social network, and depending on the personal tolerance of different weather conditions and seasonality, which together contributes to a psychologically safe human behavior in the information space

Control of the Transdermal Delivery Process of Active Substances of the Phytocomplex during Phonophoresis in Model Experiments

BACKGROUND: The scientific substantiation for the selection of therapeutically significant dosage of phytocomplex in the dosage form for phonophoresis, control over the delivery of active substances into the body, and what affects this process require the study of the kinetics of phytocomplex flavonoids delivery during phonophoresis. AIM: The aim was to study the possibilities of controlling the process of transdermal delivery of phytocomplex active substances (flavonoids) during phonophoresis in vitro model experiments. METHODS: Working compositions with different concentrations of phytocomplex for phonophoresis were used. The content of flavonoids in the compositions was determined using the spectrophotometric method and was calculated equivalent to quercetin, the flavonoid prevailing in the phytocomplex. The study of the kinetics of flavonoids delivery from working compositions was carried out using Franz diffusion cells and Carbosyl-P membranes. The authors determined the main parameters of the process and established the dependence of the delivery rate of flavonoids on their initial concentration in the working composition. The authors studied the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide and the base-forming substances of the working composition on the kinetics of phytocomplex flavonoid delivery during phonophoresis. RESULTS: The authors recorded an increase in the rate of delivery of the active substances from working compositions containing dimethyl sulfoxide into the model medium by almost 1.5-2 times during the first ten minutes of the experiment (approximate duration of the phonophoresis procedure). The authors proposed technological techniques for improvement of the phonophoresis method for the phytocomplex. The possibilities of control over the process of transdermal delivery of the phytocomplex active ingredients during phonophoresis in vitro model experiments were shown. CONCLUSION: The obtained results provide information for further pharmacological studies of the nature and mechanism of the effect of phytocomplex flavonoids during phonophoresis in the rehabilitation of patients with osteoarthrosis

Concept "WEDDING" existence in the Russian linguoculture

The article analyzes the concept "wedding" in Russian linguistic culture. The main research method is linguoculturological, in terms of which the detailed analysis of structural units of lexical-semantic field of the concept "wedding" in Russian linguistic culture has been carried out. In the process of analyzing the factual material different methods were applied: the method of continuous sampling, the field method, the descriptive and diachronic methods. The emphasis is placed on the analysis of factual material with a glance of realization of the concept "wedding" in different sources, mainly Russian folklore, idiomatic expressions, as well as precedential phenomena existing in the conceptual picture of the world of the native speakers of the Russian language