Comparative analysis of elements and models of implementation in local-level spatial plans in Serbia

Implementation of local-level spatial plans is of paramount importance to the development of the local community. This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of and offer further directions for research into the implementation of spatial plans by presenting the results of a study on models of implementation. The paper describes the basic theoretical postulates of a model for implementing spatial plans. A comparative analysis of the application of elements and models of implementation of plans in practice was conducted based on the spatial plans for the local municipalities of Arilje, Lazarevac and Sremska Mitrovica. The analysis includes four models of implementation: the strategy and policy of spatial development; spatial protection; the implementation of planning solutions of a technical nature; and the implementation of rules of use, arrangement and construction of spaces. The main results of the analysis are presented and used to give recommendations for improving the elements and models of implementation. Final deliberations show that models of implementation are generally used in practice and combined in spatial plans. Based on the analysis of how models of implementation are applied in practice, a general conclusion concerning the complex character of the local level of planning is presented and elaborated

Assessment of the effectiveness of low level laser in the treatment of alveolar osteitis

Background/Aim. Alveolar osteitis (AO) is the extraction wound healing disorder with a presence of severe pain. Low level laser therapy stimulates cell metabolism and microcirculation, have has pronounced analgesic, antiedematous and anti-inflammatory effect and speeds up wound healing process. The aim of this study was to present results of clinical research that examined the effectiveness of low level laser in pain relief and healing of extraction wounds with alveolar osteitis in the lower jaw which was formed on the second day after tooth extraction. Methods. The study was conducted on 60 subjects divided into the study and the control group. In both groups extraction wounds were processed in similar way, except that in the study group was applied daily treatment of low level laser with a total of eight sessions of radiation, while in the control group extraction wounds were dressed with zinc oxide eugenol paste, which was changed every 48 hours up to the pain cessation. Measurement of pain intensity was done with a visual analogue scale (VAS) 10 min prior to processing of extraction wounds and daily for the next eight days. Assessment of the effectiveness of low level laser on healing of extraction wounds was performed on the day eight of the treatment. Results. On the day five after beginning of the treatment of extraction wounds with alveolar osteitis in the patients of the study group a lower average value of pain as compared to the control group was registered. This difference was increased within the following days. Extraction wounds healing in the study group was more successful and faster than in the control group. Conclusion. This study suggested that the reduction of pain was more pronounced in the patients with alveolar osteitis whose extraction wounds were subjected to low level laser radiation in comparison to those in which extraction wounds were treated with zinc oxide eugenol paste

The spatial and planning aspect of solving the issue of radioactive waste disposal in the Republic of Serbia

In the Republic of Serbia, radioactive waste has been stored for many years at the Vin~a location near Belgrade. However, the location is not suitable for this purpose. It is necessary to define a location for radioactive waste disposal in Serbia in accordance with international criteria, strict spatial conditions, and planning solutions of national interest. The need to conduct research that will define potential zones for radioactive waste disposal is the basic starting point in this paper. The framework of the research is the development of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia from 2021 to 2035, on the basis of which it is possible to determine potential zones for the construction of a radioactive waste disposal. In this paper, the authors present the results of research on spatial constraints from the aspects of geological and hydrological conditions, spatial protection, and distribution of the population, settlements and buildings, etc. A special contribution it makes is the additional analysis of conditionality in relation to the planned purposes and activities of national and priority importance in Serbia. The collection, processing, and presentation of spatial data is the result of analyses conducted with the support of geographic information systems. The research contributes to a definition of potential zones, within the scope of which it is necessary to conduct further research and select the optimal location for a radioactive waste disposal. The paper provides methodological guidelines for further scientific research into the spatial aspects of radioactive waste disposal in Serbia, at the same time pointing out possible directions for further resolution of this issue in practice

Evaluation of glassionomer cement application for permanent binding of prosthetic dentures

Fixed dentures are created in order to rehabilitate the function of orofacial system, to correct disordered interdental relation, as well as the relation between jaws and to do esthetic correction. Binding of fixed dentures to the teeth carriers is done with a layer of binding biomaterials from the group of dental cements. Cement as the choice of dental biomaterials has to be the best cement for the most frequent, routine management for these type of works and most frequently used materials – metal, acrylate, ceramics. Cement must be safe to use with patients. Ideally, it must have longtime advantages such as to be for various uses, to find the right balance between results and simplicity of application, which are the most important for routine management. There are many types of cement. In this study, Zn-phosphate and glassionomer cement were used. In modern dental technology, production of cement is well developed and the most concerns are about non-toxicity, biocompatibility, bioinertion, biofunction. In some cases acidic balance disorder of saliva medium can bring to release of low doses of heavy metal ions after the reaction of cement and heavy metal ions from dental compounds. In this study, the best results were achieved with glassionomer cement, because the lowest percent of released heavy metal ions in saliva medium was noticed after cementing of fixed dentures by glassionomer cement. Because of its characteristics, glassionomer cement can be the choice material for permanent cementing of fixed prosthetic dentures

Residual monomer content determination in some acrylic denture base materials and possibilities of its reduction

Background/Aim. Polymethyl methacrylate is used for producing a denture basis. It is a material made by the polymerization process of methyl methacrylate. Despite of the polymerization type, there is a certain amount of free methyl methacrylate (residual monomer) incorporated in the denture, which can cause irritation of the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of residual monomer in four different denture base acrylic resins by liquid chromatography and the possibility of its reduction. Methods. After the polymerization, a postpolymerization treatment was performed in three different ways: in boiling water for thirty minutes, with 500 W microwaves for three minutes and in steam bath at 22º C for one to thirty days. Results. The obtained results showed that the amount of residual monomer is significantly higher in cold polymerizing acrylates (9.1-11%). The amount of residual monomer after hot polymerization was in the tolerance range (0.59- 0.86%). Conclusion. The obtained results denote a low content of residual monomer in the samples which have undergone postpolymerization treatment. A lower percent of residual monomer is established in samples undergone a hot polymerization

THERAPEUTIC ALTERNATIVES OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS IN TREATMENT OF CANDIDA-ASSOCIATED DENTURE STOMATITIS

Denture stomatitis is a common inflammatory reaction affecting denture wearers, multifactorial etiology, which is usually associated with Candida species, particularly Candida albicans. The treatment of Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) is difficult and complex due to its multifactorial etiology, common recurrences, as well as the lack of antifungal drug efficacy. This review aims to critically discuss several key factors affecting adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida species on acrylic surface, as well as the use of herbs, proposed as an alternative in the treatment of CADS. Many factors affect adhesion and biofilm formation of Candida spp. on acrylic surfaces, such as surface roughness of the inner surface of the prosthesis, salivary pellicle, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. Having in mind that denture stomatitis is a common disease in total denture wearer, that it is most common in fungal etiology and that biofilm development increases yeast resistance, application of non-synthetic, completely natural substances, such as essential oils and extracts, may be suggested as a promising alternative for treatment of CADS

Новији аспекти планирања подручја посебне намене у Србији – искуства и препоруке

Научна монографија Новији аспекти планирања подручја посебне намене у Србији – искуства и препоруке даје свеобухватни приказ сазнања о досадашњим искуствима израде просторних планова подручја посебне намене у Србији, кроз четири значајна аспекта – нормативно-правни и методолошки оквир за израду и имплементацију, примену географско информационих система, заштиту животне средине и правила уређења, грађења и коришћења земљишта. Главни мотив за објављивање овакве монографије проистиче из чињенице да у Србији и у ширем регионалном окружењу не постоји посебно издање које обједињује и елаборира теоријска и практична сазнања о изради просторних планова подручја посебне намене. Монографија се састоји из четири основна поглавља која третирају најзначајније аспекте планирања подручја посебне намене, при чему је сваки од аутора истраживао и обрадио одређену тематику, и то: нормативно-правни и методолошки оквир за израду и имплементацију планова – Небојша Стефановић; географске информационе системе - Никола Крунић; заштиту животне средине и стратешку процену утицаја - Марина Ненковић-Ризнић; и правила уређења, грађења и коришћења у плановима - Наташа Даниловић Христић. Приликом израде Монографије аутори су се определили за истраживање на основном научном узорку од просторних планова подручја посебне намене новије генерације урађених у Институту за архитектуру и урбанизам Србије. Кроз велики број студија случаја за планове подручја посебне намене за заштићена природна подручја, инфраструктурне коридоре и подручја сливова водоакумулација и др. даје се, не само приказ провере методологије у актуелној планерској пракси у Србији, већ се и дефинишу препоруке за унапређење просторног планирања, планирања заштите животне средине као и урбанистичког планирања и примене географских информационих система

Comparative analysis of elements and models of implementation in local-level spatial plans in Serbia

Implementation of local-level spatial plans is of paramount importance to the development of the local community. This paper aims to demonstrate the importance of and offer further directions for research into the implementation of spatial plans by presenting the results of a study on models of implementation. The paper describes the basic theoretical postulates of a model for implementing spatial plans. A comparative analysis of the application of elements and models of implementation of plans in practice was conducted based on the spatial plans for the local municipalities of Arilje, Lazarevac and Sremska Mitrovica. The analysis includes four models of implementation: the strategy and policy of spatial development; spatial protection; the implementation of planning solutions of a technical nature; and the implementation of rules of use, arrangement and construction of spaces. The main results of the analysis are presented and used to give recommendations for improving the elements and models of implementation. Final deliberations show that models of implementation are generally used in practice and combined in spatial plans. Based on the analysis of how models of implementation are applied in practice, a general conclusion concerning the complex character of the local level of planning is presented and elaborated. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR 36035: Spatial, Environmental, Energy and Social Aspects of Developing Settlements and Climate Change - Mutual Impacts and Grant no. III 47014: The Role and Implementation of the National Spatial Plan and Regional Development Documents in Renewal of Strategic Research, Thinking and Governance in Serbia

Oral health-related quality of life of edentulous patients after complete dentures relining

Background/Aim. Tooth loss affects oral health-related life quality. More than a third of edentulous patients are not fully satisfied with their complete dentures and mainly complain of insufficient stability, retention, and pain during mastication. Solving the problem may include relining by materials that are based on silicone or acrylic. The aim of this study was to determine the level of patients’ satisfaction before and after relining upper dentures with soft and rigid liners. Methods. The patients (n = 24) were divided into two study groups. Maxillary denture relining of the first group of patients was performed with hard acrylic based resins while in the second group of patients complete denture was relined with a silicone-based soft liner. They were asked the questions from the specifically adapted the Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire for edentulous patients before and three months after relining dentures. Results. After relining the patients showed a higher degree of satisfaction with their dentures in all the tested domains (masticatory function, psychological discomfort, social disability and retention and hygiene). The patients with soft denture relines were more satisfied. Conclusion. Relining of maxillary complete dentures significantly positively impacts the quality of life of patients in all the tested domains (masticatory function, psychological discomfort, social disability, pain and oral hygiene). Better results were achieved using a silicone-based soft liner, which recommends it as the material of choice for relining dentures

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WATER SORPTION BY DIFFERENT ACRYLIC MATERIALS

Acrylic materials are used daily for the production of mobile dental restorations and orthodontic appliances. The presence of residual monomer, as a product of incomplete polymerisation of material, results in more porous structure of the material, which greatly reduces the mechanical and physical quality of the acrylic restorations and increases the absorption of liquids. The aim of this study was to examine the water absorption of different types of resin material. In the study it was assumed that the cold polymerized acrylates show a greater potential for absorbing fluid from the environment in relation to the hot polymerized acrylic. The study included two hot and two cold polymerized acrylates, and cold polymerized acrylate impregnated with aesthetic pearls. In order to determine the degree of water absorption, the mass of the samples was measured before and after one day, seven days and thirty days of immersion in a water bath of body temperature. The tested hot and cold polymerized acrylates after immersion in water bath showed standard values of water absorption. The degree of water absorption was not significantly influenced by the type and manner of polymerisation. Water absorption values were significantly higher after seven days and thirty days of water storage relative to the observational period of one day