Simulation studies of PV fed Line Frequency Commutated 5-Level Inverter

Power electronic converters are essential for harnessing the abundantly available solar energy. Power from the photovoltaic array can be fed to the ac load or utility grid through inverter which is capable of producing an ac voltage with less harmonics. A multilevel inverter is generally employed for this purpose at the cost of extra switches and control complexity. In this paper, a system is proposed to obtain a multilevel output by introducing a simple auxiliary circuit between the photovoltaic array and the line frequency commutated inverter. Simulation studies of the proposed system have been carried out using MATLAB/Simulink software and the results are presented in this paper

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Not AvailableDescribes about the various diagnosis techniques available for brucellosis disease in animalsNot Availabl

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Not AvailableThis training manual on Bovine mastitis theory and practical considerations in management has been prepared on the occasion of the training programme sponsored by Directorate of Extension Ministry of Agriculture New DelhiDirectorate of Extension, Ministry of Agricultur

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Not AvailableDescribes the various procedures for isolation, serological and molecular diagnostics of brucellosisNot Availabl

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Not AvailableBrucellosis caused by Brucella species is readily transmissible to humans, causing acute febrile illness and undulant fever which may progress to a more chronic form and can also produce serious complications affecting the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and central nervous systems. A veterinary livestock inspector presented to the institute with symptoms of intermittent fever, pain involving muscles and joints, loss of weight, anxiety and weakness for about three months has been investigated. The isolation, serological tests and PCR were performed for diagnosis of brucellosis. Based on history of constant professional association with animals, characteristic symptoms, hematological and biochemical, multiple serological and PCR assay results, the patient was diagnosed as brucellosis. Detection of Brucella abortus directly in the clinical samples by gel based PCRs were highly useful for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment. This diagnostic protocol will facilitate in a simple way to map major Brucella species infecting humans in a geographical region.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableYak (Bos grunniens) is multipurpose long haired ruminant reared by the poor tribal farmers for wool, milk, meat, etc in the high altitudes of Himalayan region of Indian Territory. There is a serious concern about increasing morbidity and mortality of yak due to respiratory diseases. Nasal swab sample was collected from pneumonic yak in Amies charcoal transport media from Arunachal Pradesh, India and processed for bacterial isolation and identification and direct PCR detection in 18h BHI enriched broth sample. Based on biochemical characteristics and multiplex PCR, the culture was identified as K. pneumoniae (isolate No. KP1) and in in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity test, the isolate was resistant to ampicillin. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis and 16S rRNA secondary structure prediction revealed close geographical relatedness to environmental K. pneumoniae PB12 from River Mahananda from East India and K. pneumoniae JPR 9 isolated from soil samples of Assam. This study describes pneumonia in yak due to K. pneumoniae from Arunachal Pradesh, India by direct PCR detection from enriched clinical sample, isolation, PCR and 16S rRNA sequence, phylogenetic and secondary structure relation studiesNot Availabl

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Not AvailableBrucellosis caused by Brucella spp. is an important zoonosis and constitutes a serious public health hazard. In India, the disease is increasingly prevalent among bovine population with high zoonotic potential and negative impact on national economy. The investigation was conducted to study seroprevalence of brucellosis through random sample survey using survey tool box software. A total of 12,054 (cattle-9236, buffaloes-2818) bovine serum samples sourced from 15 states of India were tested by protein G indirect ELISA. The true prevalences of brucellosis observed in cattle and buffaloes were 8.3% and 3.6%, respectively. The highest prevalence of brucellosis was observed in the state of Punjab in both cattle and buffaloes (23.51 and 10.2%). Comparatively higher prevalence was recorded in cattle than the buffaloes in all the states except Manipur. The true prevalence greater than 5% was recorded in 8 and 3 states for cattle and buffaloes, respectively (cattle- Punjab, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and Kerala) and (buffaloes-Punjab, Gujarat and Manipur) indicating wider prevalence of brucellosis. This study conclusively highlighted the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis at state level which might be useful for prioritizing regions for vaccination, designing control strategies and improvisation of clinical surveillance system.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe multiplex PCR (mPCR) was standardized for the direct detection of 5 most significant Staphylococcus sp., viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus chromogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus sciuri and Staphylococcus haemolyticus from milk. Early detection and identification of predominantly Staphylococcus aureus and recent emergence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) in causing bovine mastitis is important to improve the udder health by effective treatment and control measures. The mPCR assay successfully achieved bacterial identification up to species level based on specific amplification of conserved regions of genes, viz. 23S rRNA (S. aureus), sodA (S. chromogenes and S. haemolyticus), rdr (S. epidermidis) and gap (S. sciuri) genes. The evaluation of mPCR assay with 36 ATCC reference strains and validation with 115 milk samples from subclinically infected herd and 36 bulk milk samples rendered the assay 100% specific and highly efficacious than culture method. The detection limit was found to be from 103 to 10 cfu/ml for the 5 target Staphylococcus species. The results suggest the suitability of mPCR assay to rapidly detect and differentiate 5 important Staphylococcus sp. in about 5 h. The method can be adopted for herd surveillance as a part of health management programme.Not Availabl