GO analysis of regulated proteins by LPS.

<p>(A) Upregulated proteins by LPS treatment belonged to the GO classes: respiratory electron transport chain and generation of precursor metabolites and energy processes. (B) Downregulated proteins especially belonged to the GO class protein glycosylation and to a smaller degree lipid metabolic processes. (C and D) Schematic overview of the distribution of upregulated (C) and downregulated (D) proteins in different GO classes represented here by gene name. Abbreviations: please see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0159747#pone.0159747.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>.</p

STAT1 expression measured by qPCR and SILAC-MS.

<p>(A) STAT1 gene expression measured by qPCR in 3T3-L1 cells incubated with LPS and resveratrol. (B) IFIT1 protein expression measured by SILAC-MS in 3T3-L1 cells incubated with LPS and resveratrol.</p

Thirty most downregulated proteins.

<p>Thirty most downregulated proteins.</p

IFIT1 expression in whole adipose tissue measured by qPCR and in 3T3-L1 cells measured by and SILAC-MS.

<p>(A) Mice treated with LPS for 28 days showed increased gene expression of IFIT1, which was ameliorated by resveratrol delivered through the diet. (B) IFIT1 protein expression measured by SILAC-MS in 3T3-L1 cells incubated with LPS and resveratrol.</p

Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells.

<p>Lipoprotein lipase (lpl) expression during the differentiation process of 3T3-L1 cells.</p

The gecko tail is segmental in nature. A)

<p>A histochemical analysis of a longitudinal <i>Gekko Gecko</i> tail section is shown (Mallory’s trichrome stain). The connective tissues and scales appear blue, the muscles appear red, and the adipose tissues appear white. The data illustrate the segmented structure of the gecko tail. The inserts focus on the areas where the collagen fibers are condensed. <b>B)</b> A histochemical analysis focusing on the proposed autotomy septum in the dermis. The arrows show the position of the septum in the condensed collagen area. In addition, arrows indicate the fracture plane from the condensed collagen area to the indentation between two scales where the severing takes place. <b>C)</b> Electron microscopy analysis focusing on the proposed autotomy septum in the condensed collagen area. The analysis reveals the presence of embedded cells in the proposed fracture plane that may function as a “cellular zipper”.</p

Wedge-shaped extensions project from the proximal end of the released tail stump. A)

<p>The proximal part of a released tail stump is observed from the side. The picture shows the wedge-shaped extensions. <b>B)</b> A wedge-shaped extension. <b>C)</b> The distal part of the tail that remains on the animal. The grooves, in which the extensions are fitted, in an end-to-end tapered “finger joint” fashion, are only vaguely seen just below the dermis. Immediately after autotomy, the skin contracts around the end of the tail stub, making the grooves difficult to observe.</p

Cross-fracture-plane structures are absent in the gecko tail.

<p>Magnetic resonance imaging was used to analyse a detached tail stump (see also Movies S1–S3). The data revealed the structures of the muscle fibers in the different segments of the gecko tail. Two areas have been encircled to point out the position of the muscle fiber termini neighbouring the autotomy fracture plane. The image illustrates the expanded nature of these termini. The presence of these “mushroom-shaped” structures in the fracture plane and the absence of these structures in the interior muscle fibers illustrate the conformational change of the muscle termini that occurs during autotomy. The interdigitating arrangement of the muscle fibers are observable and the picture also shows that no through-going structures between muscle segments are observable, thereby supporting the concept that tail segments interact by adhesion forces.</p

The muscle fibres terminate in “mushroom-shaped” structures.

<p>Scanning electron microscopy analyses of the wedge-shaped extensions (cranial margins of individual tail muscles) projecting from the proximal end of the released tail stump demonstrated the presence of “mushroom-shaped” structures at the termini of the muscle fibres after autotomy. These structures are present on all sides of the extensions except on the outer part.</p