Differences in cytokine levels between T1D patients with and without IA2A.

<p>Compared to T1D patients without IA2A, T1D patients with IA2A showed a tendency for higher GM-CSF (<b>A</b>), IL-1β (<b>B</b>), TNF-ɑ (<b>C</b>), IFN-γ (<b>D</b>), and IL-10 (<b>E</b>) levels Bonferroni correction^*. Lines represent median and interquartile range values. ^* P-values ≤ 0.0025 were considered statistically significant after Bonferroni correction in Mann–Whitney <i>U</i>-test.</p

Cytokine associations with age and gender in the whole study group.

<p>Cytokine associations with age and gender in the whole study group.</p

Differences in cytokine levels between T1D patients with and without ZnT8A.

<p>Compared to T1D patients without ZnT8A, T1D patients with ZnT8A showed a tendency for higher GM-CSF (A) and IL-1β (B) levels after Bonferroni correction*. Lines represent median and interquartile range values. * P-values 0.05–0.0025 were considered as a tendency after Bonferroni correction in Mann–Whitney U-test.</p

Minimal detectable concentrations and percentage rates of detection for investigated cytokines.

<p>Minimal detectable concentrations and percentage rates of detection for investigated cytokines.</p

The correlation matrix of peripheral blood cytokine levels in T1D patients (part A) and control group (part B).

<p>The correlation matrix of peripheral blood cytokine levels in T1D patients (part A) and control group (part B).</p

Cytokine levels among controls and T1D patients.

<p>Cytokine levels among controls and T1D patients.</p

Differences in cytokine levels between T1D patients with and without ketoacidosis.

<p>Compared to T1D patients without ketoacidosis, patients with ketoacidosis had a tendency for higher IL-8 (A) and IL-10 levels after Bonferroni correction* (B). Lines represent median and interquartile range values. * P-values ≤ 0.0025 were considered statistically significant after Bonferroni correction in Mann-Whitney U-test.</p

Association of time between T1D diagnosis and blood sampling with cytokine levels.

<p>After the Bonferroni correction, the levels of IL-7 (A), TNF-ɑ (B), IL-8 (C), and IL-13 (D) showed a tendency to decrease with an increasing number of days between T1D diagnosis and blood sampling. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used.</p

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) characteristics.

<p>¹ Interferon β i.e Betaferon®, Rebif® or Avonex®</p><p>² Glatiramer acetate i.e Copaxone®</p><p>³ Cytostatics includes mitoxantrone and cyclophosphamide</p><p>Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) characteristics.</p

Average BAFF plasma levels and disease-modifying treatments (DMT).

<p>Bee Swarm plot of BAFF level in untreated (UT), IFN-β, glatiramer acetate (GA) and immunosuppressant (IS)-treated groups were shown. Means and the results of Tukey HSD test are shown. *Average BAFF values during treatment were used. In case of medication change, the new average BAFF was analysed separately.</p