Social recognition test with previously cued fear conditioned mice.

<p>Time spent interacting with a stimulus mouse over 9 one-minute habituation sessions and a one-minute novel stimulus mouse session. Three-way ANOVA shows significant main effects of injury (p=0.004), shock (p=0.001), and time (p=0.000) during habituation. In the novel stimulus session, planned comparison t-tests show significant differences between rcTBI, shocked and rcTBI, not shocked (p=0.017, *); rcTBI, shocked and sham, shocked (p=0.000, ***); but not between sham, shocked and sham, not shocked (p=0.527, n.s.). Error bars represent SEM.</p

Cued fear conditioning and extinction.

<p>Error bars represent SEM. A) Freezing prior to (“p” tick mark) and during the 5 conditioned tones per day on testing days 1-4. Each point represents freezing during a 30 sec. period. B) Total freezing during tones on testing days 1-4 during a total of 20 tone presentations. 2-way ANOVA shows a main effect of shock (p<0.001), but no main effect of injury (p=0.349). Bonferroni post-hoc testing shows no significant difference between rcTBI, shocked and sham, shocked (p=0.340, n.s.), or rcTBI not shocked and uninjured sham, not shocked (p=1.000, n.s.).</p

Tail Suspension Test with previously context fear conditioned mice.

<p>Time spent immobile during a 6 minute test. Two-way ANOVA shows a significant main effect of injury (p<0.001), shock (p=0.041), and a significant interaction between injury and shock (p=0.042). Bonferroni post hoc testing shows a significant difference between immobility time in rcTBI, shocked and rcTBI, not shocked (p=0.044), rcTBI, shocked and sham, shocked (p<0.001), and rcTBI, not shocked and sham, not shocked (p=0.027), but no difference between sham, shocked and sham, not shocked (p=1.000, n.s.). Error bars represent SEM.</p

Tail Suspension Test with previously cued fear conditioned mice.

<p>Time spent immobile during a 6 minute test. Two-way ANOVA shows a significant main effect of injury (p<0.001), shock (p=0.048), and a significant interaction between injury and shock (p=0.033). Bonferroni post hoc testing shows a significant difference between immobility time in rcTBI, shocked and rcTBI, not shocked (p=0.031), rcTBI, shocked and sham, shocked (p<0.001), and rcTBI, not shocked and sham, not shocked (p=0.012), but no difference between sham, shocked and sham, not shocked (p=1.000, n.s.). Error bars represent SEM.</p

rcTBI Behavior Archive

This zip file includes the raw behavioral and histological data reported in the paper "Repetitive concussive traumatic brain injury interacts with post-injury foot shock stress to worsen social and depression-like behavior in mice". Behavioral tests include cued fear conditioning, contextual fear conditioning, social recognition, tail suspension, and sucrose preference. The histological data consists of counts of Iba1 positive cells in the corpus callosum. Abbreviations: rcTBI - repetitive concussive traumatic brain injur

Experimental timeline.

<p>rcTBI injury or sham-injury surgeries were carried out on two consecutive days, 24 ± 1 hours apart. After two days of recovery, animals were trained in cued or contextual fear conditioning. Animals were subsequently tested in the social recognition test (day 10), sucrose preference test (contextual fear conditioning group only; days 13-15), and the tail suspension test (day 18). On day 40 post-surgery, animals were sacrificed and perfused for histology.</p

Contextual fear conditioning and extinction.

<p>Error bars represent SEM. A) Freezing separated into 5 one-minute bins in a novel context, and in the training context on days 1-4. B) Total freezing in the training context on days 1-4 during a total of 20 minutes of testing. 2-way ANOVA shows a main effect of shock (p<0.001), but no main effect of injury (p=0.727). Bonferroni post-hoc testing shows no significant difference between rcTBI, shocked and sham, shocked (p=1.000, n.s.), or rcTBI, not shocked and sham, not shocked (p= 1.000, n.s.).</p