616 research outputs found
Cavity Q, mode volume, and lasing threshold in small diameter AlGaAs microdisks with embedded quantum dots
The quality factor (Q), mode volume (Veff), and room-temperature lasing
threshold of microdisk cavities with embedded quantum dots (QDs) are
investigated. Finite element method simulations of standing wave modes within
the microdisk reveal that Veff can be as small as 2(lambda/n)^3 while
maintaining radiation-limited Qs in excess of 10^5. Microdisks of diameter D=2
microns are fabricated in an AlGaAs material containing a single layer of InAs
QDs with peak emission at lambda = 1317 nm. For devices with Veff ~2
(lambda/n)^3, Qs as high as 1.2 x 10^5 are measured passively in the 1.4 micron
band, using an optical fiber taper waveguide. Optical pumping yields laser
emission in the 1.3 micron band, with room temperature, continuous-wave
thresholds as low as 1 microWatt of absorbed pump power. Out-coupling of the
laser emission is also shown to be significantly enhanced through the use of
optical fiber tapers, with laser differential efficiency as high as xi~16% and
out-coupling efficiency in excess of 28%.Comment: 6 figure
Single quantum dot spectroscopy using a fiber taper waveguide near-field optic
Photoluminescence spectroscopy of single InAs quantum dots at cryogenic
temperatures (~14 K) is performed using a micron-scale optical fiber taper
waveguide as a near-field optic. The measured collection efficiency of quantum
dot spontaneous emission into the fundamental guided mode of the fiber taper is
estimated at 0.1%, and spatially-resolved measurements with ~600 nm resolution
are obtained by varying the taper position with respect to the sample and using
the fiber taper for both the pump and collection channels.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
On a remarkable formula of Ramanujan
A simple proof of Ramanujan's formula for the Fourier transform of the square
of the modulus of the Gamma function restricted to a vertical line in the right
half-plane is given.
The result is extended to vertical lines in the left half-plane by solving an
inhomogeneous ODE. We then use it to calculate the jump across the imaginary
axis.Comment: To appear in Archiv der Mathemati
Reflections on Euler's reflection formula and an additive analogue of Legendre's duplication formula
In this note, we look at some of the less explored aspects of the gamma
function. We provide a new proof of Euler's reflection formula and discuss its
significance in the theory of special functions. We also discuss a result of
Landau concerning the determination of values of the gamma function using
functional identities. We show that his result is sharp and extend it to
complex arguments. In 1848, Oskar Schl\"omilch gave an interesting additive
analogue of the duplication formula. We prove a generalized version of this
formula using the theory of hypergeometric functions
Moving boundary and photoelastic coupling in GaAs optomechanical resonators
Chip-based cavity optomechanical systems are being considered for
applications in sensing, metrology, and quantum information science. Critical
to their development is an understanding of how the optical and mechanical
modes interact, quantified by the coupling rate . Here, we develop GaAs
optomechanical resonators and investigate the moving dielectric boundary and
photoelastic contributions to . First, we consider coupling between the
fundamental radial breathing mechanical mode and a 1550 nm band optical
whispering gallery mode in microdisks. For decreasing disk radius from
m to m, simulations and measurements show that changes
from being dominated by the moving boundary contribution to having an equal
photoelastic contribution. Next, we design and demonstrate nanobeam
optomechanical crystals in which a GHz mechanical breathing mode couples
to a 1550 nm optical mode predominantly through the photoelastic effect. We
show a significant (30 ) dependence of on the device's in-plane
orientation, resulting from the difference in GaAs photoelastic coefficients
along different crystalline axes, with fabricated devices exhibiting
as high as 1.1 MHz for orientation along the [110] axis.
GaAs nanobeam optomechanical crystals are a promising system which can combine
the demonstrated large optomechanical coupling strength with additional
functionality, such as piezoelectric actuation and incorporation of optical
gain media
Macro-Financial Parameters Influencing Bitcoin Prices: Evidence from Symmetric and Asymmetric ARDL Models
Bitcoins are evolving as a modern class of investment assets and it is crucial for investors to manage their investment risk. This paper examines the impact of macroeconomic-financial indicators on Bitcoin price using symmetric and asymmetric version of autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models with structural breaks. The asymmetric long-run association ascertained between Bitcoin prices and the macroeconomic-financial indicators is evident. Our empirical results indicate that the Bitcoin cannot be used to hedge against the inflation, Federal funds rate, stock markets and commodity markets. We further find that Bitcoin can be regarded as a hedging device for the oil prices. Our findings have significant implications for market participants who consider including alternate investment assets in their portfolios
- …