ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS IN A SOLAR CAR WITH APPLICATIONS TO GATO DEL SOL III-IV

Gato del Sol III, was powered by a solar array of 480 Silicon mono-crystalline photovoltaic cells. Maximum Power Point trackers efficiently made use of these cells and tracked the optimal load. The cells were mounted on a fiber glass and foam core composite shell. The shell rides on a lightweight aluminum space frame chassis, which is powered by a 95% efficient brushless DC motor. Gato del Sol IV was the University of Kentucky Solar Car Team’s (UKSCT) entry into the American Solar Car Challenge (ASC) 2010 event. The car makes use of 310 high density lithium-polymer batteries to account for a 5 kWh pack, enough to travel over 75 miles at 40 mph without power generated by the array. An in-house battery protection system and charge balancing system ensure safe and efficient use of the batteries. Various electrical sub-systems on the car communicate among each other via Controller Area Network (CAN). This real time data is then transmitted to an external computer via RF communication for data collection

Design and Development of an Airblast Atomiser for the KAVERI engine and the sectoral combustor tests

This report deals with the design and development of an airblast atomiser for application in the KAVERI engine. Five atomisers of the chosen design were fabricated and tested at ambient conditions to determine the fuel spray SMD, patternation, cone angle and atomiser flow number. The atomiser performance parameters specified were achieved and hot tests carried out in the 90° combustor sector. The combustor pressure loss, exit temperature distribution, ignition and stability limits were evaluate

Performance analysis of Switched Reluctance Motor using Linear Model

No Abstrac

Characterization of an olfactory receptor mediating aversive behaviour to a death-associated odour

Olfaction or the sense of smell is a strong driver of behavior in many animals and is important for their survival. Odors are perceived through a complex molecular recognition process which involves detection of odorants by odorant receptors in olfactory sensory neurons located in the nasal olfactory epithelium. The odorant receptors belong to the G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) class of proteins, which includes the trace amine–associated receptors (TAARs), a class of GPCRs associated with the detection of social cues. The present study focused on molecular characterization of a TAAR receptor, TAAR13c, in zebrafish. Cadaverine, a diamine produced by bacterial decarboxylation of lysine, and thus associated with odor emanating from decaying flesh was reported to be the primary ligand for TAAR13c. Aversion to cadaverine was observed in adult Zebrafish by behavior experiments. Here, the cell type expressing TAAR13c receptors was identified as ciliated OSNs. Double-labeling of TAAR13c-expressing neurons with cFos as neuronal activity marker after stimulation with cadaverine showed widespread expression of cFos in many cells, a few of which were also TAAR13c-positive. Another activity marker tested, Egr1, was also found to be nonselective. However, pERK, an activity marker, which does not rely on gene expression, but on phosphorylation and is therefore much faster, showed sparse cells activated after stimulation with cadaverine and a series of other diamines with different chain length. Double-labeling with pERK antibody and TAAR13c antibody showed cellular co-localization of pERK and TAAR13c signals upon cadaverine stimulus. Ontogenetic onset of avoidance behavior was studied using a two channel choice apparatus in Zebrafish larvae. A trend towards avoidance of cadaverine was observed from the larval behavior experiments. 6 Knockout of TAAR13c was attempted using TALEN and Crispr-Cas9 mediated mutagenesis. Unfortunately it was not possible to design completely specific screening strategies due to high sequence identity within the five members of the TAAR13 subfamily and the AT-rich coding region of TAAR13c. Two putative knockout mutations were obtained with optimized screening methods. Finally, the design of new constructs for a TAAR13 subfamily knockout may provide a useful tool in the future for creating a functional Taar13 knockout in zebrafish

Methylene Blue as a Diagnostic Aid in the Early Detection of Potentially Malignant and Malignant Lesions of Oral Mucosa

BACKGROUND: In vivo stains are the prompt resources, which have emerged in recent years to aid as clinical diagnostic tools in detecting early potentially malignant and malignant lesions. Toluidine blue, by its property of retaining in the increased DNA and RNA cellular activity areas, aids in delineating the suspicious areas. However, it is hazardous if swallowed, and has been shown to have toxicity to fibroblasts. Methylene blue has a similar chemical structure and exhibits similar physicochemical properties as toluidine blue. It is less toxic to the human body and has recently been proposed for screening some gastrointestinal or prostate tumors. The application of this material in detecting oral lesions has so far not been addressed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and reliability of in vivo staining with methylene blue as a diagnostic adjunct in screening for oral malignant or potentially malignant lesions.METHODS: The present study involved the examination of 75 patients suspected of having oral malignant or potentially malignant lesions by methylene blue staining. The results of methylene blue uptake were compared with a simultaneous biopsy of these lesions.RESULTS: The overall sensitivity was 95% (100% for malignancy and 92% for potentially malignant lesions) and specificity was 70%. The positive predictive value was 91% and negative predictive value of 80% was observed in the study.CONCLUSION: We consider that methylene blue staining is a useful diagnostic adjunct in a large, community-based oral cancer screening program for high-risk individuals.KEYWORDS: Methylene blue, Oral malignant, Potentially malignan