80 research outputs found
ASEAN Tendency to the Regional Leadership in Trade in Services
Extremely dynamic and significant structural changes are transforming the world economy and International trade. Comparing with analogous experience of economic history it is worth to pay attention not only to the fast speed of global transformation but also to its wide scope that influences practically the whole world.
The shift of economic power from West to East and from North to South, from industrially developed countries to the developing ones, especially Asian, is the obvious base of these transformations. In contrast to the world tendencies of the 20th century with two dominant centers namely USA and EU, in the 21st century the developing Asian countries with more dynamics of development rise on the global arena.
Economies of Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are not an exclusion from these tendencies. Whereas their speed growth in the last four decades was conditioned by high level of industrial production export, the services sector and trade in services began to gain importance not so long ago.
Association of Southeast Asian nations unites ten countries with total population more than 622 million people and total GDP more than 2.6 trillion US dollars. These countries are well integrated into the world economy and successfully gain profit from this integration.
In particular the ASEAN integration helped to raise regional trade flows without trade diversification, to improve trade logistics, to decrease total trade costs and to increase regional investment flows.
The article deals with analysis of values, dynamics and structure of trade in services in Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
A complex analysis of trade in services with respective breakdown into separate branches was carried out. This article analyzes the importance of complex legal-regulatory measures for successful promotion of trade in services within the region as well as with the rest of world
ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ SiC Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ 100, 200 ΠΈ 300 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ (SLS) Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° Zr-1Nb ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ° 150 ΠΡ. Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ (Π‘ΠΠ) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ 3,5 Π΄ΠΎ 7 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Al2O3, Y2O3, SiO2 ΠΈ YAlO3. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
ΠΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²
ΠΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Ρ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ SiC Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ 100, 200 ΠΈ 300 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ (SLS) Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π° Zr-1Nb ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π»Π°Π·Π΅ΡΠ° 150 ΠΡ. Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ (Π‘ΠΠ) ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡ 3,5 Π΄ΠΎ 7 ΠΌΠΊΠΌ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ» ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Al2O3, Y2O3, SiO2 ΠΈ YAlO3. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ-ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΡΡ Π°Π΄Π³Π΅Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΡ
ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ
Computer simulation of the critical behavior of 3D disordered Ising model
The critical behavior of the disordered ferromagnetic Ising model is studied
numerically by the Monte Carlo method in a wide range of variation of
concentration of nonmagnetic impurity atoms. The temperature dependences of
correlation length and magnetic susceptibility are determined for samples with
various spin concentrations and various linear sizes. The finite-size scaling
technique is used for obtaining scaling functions for these quantities, which
exhibit a universal behavior in the critical region; the critical temperatures
and static critical exponents are also determined using scaling corrections. On
the basis of variation of the scaling functions and values of critical
exponents upon a change in the concentration, the conclusion is drawn
concerning the existence of two universal classes of the critical behavior of
the diluted Ising model with different characteristics for weakly and strongly
disordered systems.Comment: 14 RevTeX pages, 6 figure
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