Rekombinacija genoma sisavaca: kvasac kao glavni pomoćni mikroorganizam u proučavanju genomike?

Functional studies of complex mammalian genomes have been revolutionized by the development of the recombineering methodology. Recombineering represents the sum of in vivo recombinant DNA techniques used for the production and manipulation of targeting vectors by the process of homologous recombination within the host microorganism. Although this methodology had initially been developed in yeast, the term recombineering was coined after successful introduction of similar techniques in bacterial cells. Since then, due to simplicity of amplification, manipulation and purification of mammalian targeting vectors, Escherichia coli has become the dominant helper microorganism in functional genomics studies. However, some types of experiments in functional genomics still employ yeast as a unique host for the manipulation of megabase-sized mammalian genomic regions.Razvoj metodologije rekombinacijskog inženjeringa revolucionirao je funkcionalne studije složenih genoma sisavaca. Pod pojmom rekombinacijskog inženjeringa podrazumijeva se skup in vivo tehnika rekombinantne DNA što se koriste pri manipulaciji vektora za ciljanu inaktivaciju gena procesom homologne rekombinacije u stanici mikroorganizma kao domaćina. Iako je ta metodologija izvorno razvijena u kvasca, svoje je ime dobila tek nakon uspješne primjene sličnih tehnika u stanici bakterije. Od tada je, zbog jednostavnosti umnožavanja, manipulacije i izolacije vektora za ciljanu inaktivaciju gena u sisavaca, bakterija Escherichia coli postala glavni pomoćni mikroorganizam za proučavanje funkcionalne genomike. Ipak, u nekim se pokusima funkcionalne genomike još uvijek koristi kvasac kao jedinstveni domaćin za manipulaciju odsječaka genoma sisavaca veličine i do nekoliko milijuna parova baza

Utjecaj prijenosa gena na evoluciju bakterija mliječne kiseline

In the case of preparing various dairy products, the exploitation of lactic acid bacteria has been essential in the course of past millennia in all known nations. Numerous comparative analyses of gene and genome sequences reveal that the exchange of genetic material within and between bacterial species is far more general and frequent than has previously been thought. Consequently, the horizontal gene transfer between distant species or within the same species is an important factor in the Lactobacillales evolution. Knowledge about the exchange of lactobacillus genetic information through horizontal gene transfer, mobile genetic elements, and its evolution is very important due to characterizations and stability maintenance of autochthonous as well as industrial lactic acid bacteria strains in dairy products that benefit human health.Tijekom tisućljeća u cijelom su svijetu bakterije mliječne kiseline bile prijeko potrebne za pripremu raznovrsnih mliječnih proizvoda. Brojne usporedne analize sekvencija gena i genoma prokariota pokazuju da su izmjene genetičkoga materijala unutar i između bakterijskih vrsta mnogo uobičajenije i češće nego se prije mislilo. Stoga je horizontalni prijenos gena između udaljenih vrsta i unutar iste vrste osobito važan za evoluciju bakterija reda Lactobacillales. Radi dobrobiti za ljudsko zdravlje, izmjena genetičkih informacija tijekom horizontalnog prijenosa gena, pokretni genetički elementi i evolucija laktobacila vrlo su značajni zbog karakterizacije i očuvanja stabilnosti autohtonih, a i industrijskih sojeva bakterija mliječne kiseline u mliječnim proizvodima

Rekombinacija genoma sisavaca: kvasac kao glavni pomoćni mikroorganizam u proučavanju genomike?

Functional studies of complex mammalian genomes have been revolutionized by the development of the recombineering methodology. Recombineering represents the sum of in vivo recombinant DNA techniques used for the production and manipulation of targeting vectors by the process of homologous recombination within the host microorganism. Although this methodology had initially been developed in yeast, the term recombineering was coined after successful introduction of similar techniques in bacterial cells. Since then, due to simplicity of amplification, manipulation and purification of mammalian targeting vectors, Escherichia coli has become the dominant helper microorganism in functional genomics studies. However, some types of experiments in functional genomics still employ yeast as a unique host for the manipulation of megabase-sized mammalian genomic regions.Razvoj metodologije rekombinacijskog inženjeringa revolucionirao je funkcionalne studije složenih genoma sisavaca. Pod pojmom rekombinacijskog inženjeringa podrazumijeva se skup in vivo tehnika rekombinantne DNA što se koriste pri manipulaciji vektora za ciljanu inaktivaciju gena procesom homologne rekombinacije u stanici mikroorganizma kao domaćina. Iako je ta metodologija izvorno razvijena u kvasca, svoje je ime dobila tek nakon uspješne primjene sličnih tehnika u stanici bakterije. Od tada je, zbog jednostavnosti umnožavanja, manipulacije i izolacije vektora za ciljanu inaktivaciju gena u sisavaca, bakterija Escherichia coli postala glavni pomoćni mikroorganizam za proučavanje funkcionalne genomike. Ipak, u nekim se pokusima funkcionalne genomike još uvijek koristi kvasac kao jedinstveni domaćin za manipulaciju odsječaka genoma sisavaca veličine i do nekoliko milijuna parova baza

A pioneer of yeast genetics in Croatia: Zoran Zgaga’s contribution to make national research acknowledged worldwide

This study is an attempt to evaluate the pathway and the achievements of yeast genetics in Croatia. The study represents both, an authors’ review and a historical overview and therefore is of value for yeast geneticists aswell as for historians of science

A pioneer of yeast genetics in Croatia: Zoran Zgaga’s contribution to make national research acknowledged worldwide

This study is an attempt to evaluate the pathway and the achievements of yeast genetics in Croatia. The study represents both, an authors’ review and a historical overview and therefore is of value for yeast geneticists aswell as for historians of science

The influence of gene transfer on the lactic acid bacteria evolution

In the case of preparing various dairy products, the exploitation of lactic acid bacteria has been essential in the course of past millennia in all known nations. Numerous comparative analyses of gene and genome sequences reveal that the exchange of genetic material within and between bacterial species is far more general and frequent than has previously been thought. Consequently, the horizontal gene transfer between distant species or within the same species is an important factor in the Lactobacillales evolution. Knowledge about the exchange of lactobacillus genetic information through horizontal gene transfer, mobile genetic elements, and its evolution is very important due to characterizations and stability maintenance of autochthonous as well as industrial lactic acid bacteria strains in dairy products that benefit human health

Mammalian Genome Recombineering: Yeast, Still a Helper Microorganism of Choice?

Functional studies of complex mammalian genomes have been revolutionized by the development of the recombineering methodology. Recombineering represents the sum of in vivo recombinant DNA techniques used for the production and manipulation of targeting vectors by the process of homologous recombination within the host microorganism. Although this methodology had initially been developed in yeast, the term recombineering was coined after successful introduction of similar techniques in bacterial cells. Since then, due to simplicity of amplification, manipulation and purification of mammalian targeting vectors, Escherichia coli has become the dominant helper microorganism in functional genomics studies. However, some types of experiments in functional genomics still employ yeast as a unique host for the manipulation of megabase-sized mammalian genomic regions