Neurodevelopment in the third year of life in children with antenatal ZIKV-exposure

We report cognitive, language and motor neurodevelopment, assessed by the Bayley-III test, in 31 non-microcephalic children at age 3 with PCR-confirmed maternal Zika virus exposure (Rio de Janeiro, 2015–2016). Most children had average neurodevelopmental scores, however, 8 children (26%) presented delay in some domain. Language was the most affected: 7 children (22.6%) had a delay in this domain (2 presenting severe delay). Moderate delay was detected in the cognitive (3.2%) and motor (10%) domains. Maternal illness in the third trimester of pregnancy and later gestational age at birth were associated with higher Bayley-III scores. Zika-exposed children require long-term follow-up until school age

Sensory Processing Disorder in children intrauterinely exposed to the Zika virus and possible correlation with motor, cognitive and language development

Introdução: Recém-nascidos expostos ao vírus Zika (ZikV) in utero podem apresentar sequelas neurológicas, sendo a microcefalia a mais divulgada. Entretanto, foram relatadas alterações como atraso no neurodesenvolvimento e Transtorno do Espectro Autista em lactentes com perímetro cefálico normal. Estas e outras condições neurodesenvolvimentais podem estar associadas ao Transtorno do Processamento Sensorial (TPS), que podem comprometer o desenvolvimento sensorial, cognitivo, de linguagem e motor. Objetivos: Descrever o processamento sensorial em crianças expostas in utero ao ZikV. Comparar os grupos com e sem alteração do processamento sensorial (Perfil Sensorial 2 da Criança (SP-2) e a Sensory Processing Measure Preschool (SPM-P)) em relação ao seu desempenho na Bayley III. Identificar se há relação e correlação entre o processamento sensorial e o desenvolvimento cognitivo, motor e de linguagem nessas crianças. Metodologia: Estudo observacional transversal com 25 crianças expostas intrauterinamente ao ZikV, avaliadas pelas Bayley Scales for Infant and Toddler Development, 3ª ed. (Bayley III) aos 24 (4 crianças) ou 36 (21 crianças) meses e pelos questionários Perfil Sensorial 2 da Criança (SP-2) e Sensory Processing Measure Preschool (SPM-P) aos 45 (+/- 2) meses na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Resultados: Foram identificadas alterações no processamento sensorial de parte significativa da amostra apresentada por ambos os instrumentos utilizados. Na avaliação total pela SPM-P, apenas 24% da amostra foi classificada como típica, o que acende um alerta e traz a informação de que 76% das crianças expostas ao ZikV apresentam problemas de processamento sensorial segundo a análise por este instrumento, com um pior desempenho cognitivo, de linguagem e motor, segundo as Escalas Bayley, do grupo com processamento sensorial atípico. Houve correlação negativa das avaliações de processamento sensorial com a Bayley III, sendo no SP-2 entre esquiva e motor fino (-0,487); conduta e cognitivo (-0,415) e entre socioemocional e cognitivo, (-0,555), motor fino (-0,547) e motor (-0,406). Na SPM-P houve correlação negativa entre a pontuação em escore T total e cognitivo (-0,497) e motor fino (-0,725); participação social e motor fino (-0,466); visão e cognitivo (- 0,585) e motor fino (-0,508); planejamento e ideias e cognitivo (-0,481) e motor fino (-0,593); audição e motor fino (-0,472); toque e motor fino (-0,569); consciência corporal e cognitivo (-0,454) e motor fino (-0,596). Conclusões: Foram encontradas alterações do processamento sensorial na amostra, em proporção maior do que a proporção na população em geral estimada por meio dos dados normativos de ambos os questionários. Houve correlação entre alterações do processamento sensorial, principalmente na avaliação pela SPM-P, e atrasos no desenvolvimento infantil pela Escala Bayley IIIIntroduction: Newborns exposed to the Zika virus (ZikV) in utero may present neurological sequelae, with microcephaly being the most common. However, changes such as neurodevelopmental delay and autism spectrum disorder have been reported in infants with normal head circumference. These and other neurodevelopmental conditions may be associated with Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD), which can compromise sensory, cognitive, language and motor development. Objectives: To describe sensory processing in children exposed in utero to ZikV. Compare the groups with and without alterations in sensory processing (Child Sensory Profile 2 (SP-2) and the Sensory Processing Measure Preschool (SPM-P)) in relation to their performance on the Bayley III. Identify whether there is a relationship and correlation between sensory processing and cognitive, motor and language development in these children. Methodology: Cross-sectional observational study with 25 children intrauterinely exposed to ZikV, assessed using the Bayley Scales for Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd ed (Bayley III) at 24 (4 children) or 36 (21 children) months and by the Child Sensory Profile 2 (SP-2) and Sensory Processing Measure Preschool (SPM-P) questionnaires at 45 (+/- 2) months In Rio de Janeiro city. Results: Changes in the sensory processing of a significant part of the sample presented by both instruments used were identified. In the total evaluation by SPM-P, only 24% of the sample was classified as typical, which raises an alert and brings information that 76% of children exposed to ZikV have sensory processing problems according to the analysis by this instrument, with worse cognitive, language and motor performance, according to the Bayley Scales, in the group with atypical sensory processing. There was a negative correlation between sensory processing assessments and Bayley III, being in SP-2 between avoidance and fine motor (-0.487); conduct and cognitive (-0.415) and between socio-emotional and cognitive,(-0.555), fine motor (-0.547) and motor (-0.406). In SPM-P there was a negative correlation between total and cognitive T-score (-0.497) and fine motor (-0.725); social participation and fine motor skills (-0.466); vision and cognitive (-0.585) and fine motor (-0.508); planning and ideas and cognitive (-0.481) and fine motor (-0.593); hearing and fine motor (-0.472); touch and fine motor (-0.569); body and cognitive awareness (-0.454) and fine motor (-0.596). Conclusions: Alterations in sensory processing were found in the sample, in a greater proportion than the proportion in the general population estimated through normative data from both questionnaires. There was a correlation between alterations in sensory processing, mainly when assessed using the SPM-P, and delays in child development using the Bayley III Scal

Neurodevelopment in the third year of life in children with antenatal ZIKV-exposure

We report cognitive, language and motor neurodevelopment, assessed by the Bayley-III test, in 31 non-microcephalic children at age 3 with PCR-confirmed maternal Zika virus exposure (Rio de Janeiro, 2015–2016). Most children had average neurodevelopmental scores, however, 8 children (26%) presented delay in some domain. Language was the most affected: 7 children (22.6%) had a delay in this domain (2 presenting severe delay). Moderate delay was detected in the cognitive (3.2%) and motor (10%) domains. Maternal illness in the third trimester of pregnancy and later gestational age at birth were associated with higher Bayley-III scores. Zika-exposed children require long-term follow-up until school age