NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN PREVENTIVE PEDIATRICS — ARTERIOGRAPHY

There is currently an increase in the frequency of cardiovascular diseases which are caused by atherosclerotic vessel impairments, such as myocardial infarction and cardiovascular accident. The purpose of this research is to study the possibility of implement into outpatient pediatric practice the method of arteriography for determining changes in the aortic wall at the early development stage. 2 indicators were measured using arteriography: pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index in healthy children aged 6 to 12 years old. The results obtained in a study of healthy children reliably differ from standardized norms for adults and may be used as references.Key words: arteriography, atherosclerosis, arterial rigidity, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, children

NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN PREVENTIVE PEDIATRICS — ARTERIOGRAPHY

There is currently an increase in the frequency of cardiovascular diseases which are caused by atherosclerotic vessel impairments, such as myocardial infarction and cardiovascular accident. The purpose of this research is to study the possibility of implement into outpatient pediatric practice the method of arteriography for determining changes in the aortic wall at the early development stage. 2 indicators were measured using arteriography: pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index in healthy children aged 6 to 12 years old. The results obtained in a study of healthy children reliably differ from standardized norms for adults and may be used as references.Key words: arteriography, atherosclerosis, arterial rigidity, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, children

Применение скуловых имплантатов для реабилитации онкологических пациентов: обзор исследований и клинических случаев

Installation of zygomatic implants is one of the treatment options for patients with insufficient bone volume in the upper jaw or after radical surgery to remove the tumor. The purpose of this review is to analyze scientific papers and clinical cases of installation of zygomatic implants for the rehabilitation of cancer patients. We selected 2 papers and 4 clinical reports on the treatment of cancer patients using zygomatic implants. These studies and clinical cases published between 2007 and 2019 years included 146 successfully installed zygomatic implants in 60 patients aged 13 to 92 years who underwent radical surgery to remove tumors. The results showed that the rehabilitation of cancer patients using zygomatic implants had high success rates, similar to the results of traditional implantation in this group of patients.Установка скуловых имплантатов является одним из вариантов лечения пациентов с недостаточным объемом костной ткани на верхней челюсти или после радикальных операций по удалению опухоли. Целью данного обзора является анализ научных работ и клинических случаев установки скуловых имплантатов для реабилитации онкологических больных. Нами были отобраны 2 работы и 4 клинических отчета лечения онкологических пациентов с использованием скуловых имплантатов. Эти исследования и клинические случаи были опубликованы в период между 2007 и 2019 годами и включали в себя 146 успешно установленных скуловых имплантатов у 60 пациентов в возрасте от 13 до 92 лет, которые подверглись радикальным операциям по удалению опухолей. Результаты показали, что реабилитация онкологических пациентов с использованием скуловых имплантатов имела высокие показатели успеха, схожие с результатами традиционной имплантации у данной группы пациентов

НОВЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКОЙ ПЕДИАТРИИ — АРТЕРИОГРАФИЯ

There is currently an increase in the frequency of cardiovascular diseases which are caused by atherosclerotic vessel impairments, such as myocardial infarction and cardiovascular accident. The purpose of this research is to study the possibility of implement into outpatient pediatric practice the method of arteriography for determining changes in the aortic wall at the early development stage. 2 indicators were measured using arteriography: pulse wave velocity and the augmentation index in healthy children aged 6 to 12 years old. The results obtained in a study of healthy children reliably differ from standardized norms for adults and may be used as references.Key words: arteriography, atherosclerosis, arterial rigidity, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, children.В настоящее время отмечается увеличение частоты сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в основе которых лежат атеросклеротические поражения сосудов. Целью исследования является оценка возможности внедрения в амбулаторную педиатрическую практику метода артериографии для определения изменений стенки аорты на раннем этапе их появления. С помощью неинвазивной артериографии определяли два основных показателя — скорость распространения пульсовой волны и индекс аугментации у здоровых детей в возрасте от 6 до 12 лет. Полученные результаты у здоровых детей достоверно отличаются от стандартизованных нормативов у взрослых и могут быть использованы как контрольные. Ключевые слова: артериальная ригидность, артериография, атеросклероз, дети, индекс аугментации, скорость распространения пульсовой волны. (Педиатрическая фармакология. – 2009; 6(5):38-41

Optimization of Ethanolic Extraction of Enantia chloranta Bark, Phytochemical Composition, Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles, and Antimicrobial Activity

In this study, using the Box–Behnken model, we optimized the ethanolic extraction of phytochemicals from Enantia chloranta bark for the first time, assessed the composition with HPLC-MS/MS, performed the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and characterized them with UV-Vis spectrophotometry, photon cross-correlation spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The antibacterial and antibiotic-resistance reversal properties of optimized extract (O-ECB) and AgNPs were assessed on various microorganisms (15 Gram−, 7 Gram+, and 2 fungi) using the well diffusion method and microbroth dilution assay. The mechanism of action was investigated on growth kinetic and proton pumps of Escherichia coli. The in vivo antimicrobial activity and toxicity were assessed on Galleria mellonella larvae. The optimal mass yield (14.3%) related to the highest antibacterial activity (31 mm vs. S. aureus ATCC 6538) was obtained with the following operating conditions: % EtOH—100%; ratio m/v—20 g/mL; and extraction time—6 h. All the compounds identified in O-ECB were alkaloids and the major constituents were palmatine (51.63%), columbamine +7,8-dihydro-8-hydroxypalmatine (19.21%), jatrorrhizine (11.02%), and pseudocolumbamine (6.33%). Among the minerals found in O-ECB (S, Si, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Br), Br, Fe, and Cl were the most abundant with mean fluorescence intensities of 4.6529, 3.485,4, and 2.5942 cps/uA, respectively. The synthesized AgNPs revealed a strong absorption plasmon band between 430 and 450 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter ×50 of 59.74 nm, and the presence of Ag was confirmed by a characteristic peak in the spectrum at the silver Kα line of 22.105 keV. Both O-ECB and AgNPs displayed noteworthy and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against 20/24 and 24/24 studied microorganisms, respectively, with recorded minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 8 to ≥ 1024 µg/mL and 2 to 64 µg/mL. O-ECB and AgNPs showed antibiofilm properties and significantly enhanced the efficacy of conventional antibiotics against selected multidrug-resistant bacteria, and the mechanistic investigations revealed their interference with bacterial growth kinetic and the inhibition of H+-ATPase proton pumps. LD50s were 40 mg/mL and 0.6 mg/mL for O-ECB and AgNPs, respectively. In conclusion, the current study provides a strong experimental baseline to consider Enantia chlorantha bark and their green synthetized AgNPs as potent antimicrobial compounds in this era of antimicrobial resistance