891 research outputs found
Simultaneous appearance of leukemoid reaction and phlegmasia cerulea dolens
A leukemoid reaction is an extreme form of reactive leukocytosis defined as granulocytic
leukocytosis above 50
7 109/L produced by normal bone marrow, mostly in response to
systemic infection or cancer. The mechanism as to how the haematopoetic system is
altered to elevate production of myeloid cells is not known.
A 69-year-old man presented with phlegmasia cerulea dolens caused by massive iliofemoral
thrombosis. His workout at admission revealed absolute white blood cell count of 73.4
7 109/L,
with neutrophil granulocyte of 68.5
7 109/L. The new increase in white blood cell count
happened at day 5 after admission, when the haematoma of the anteromedial thigh was
evacuated in general anaesthesia. There was a gradual decrease in counts until they reached
the normal range. Deteriorated general condition with signs of systemic inflammatory
response syndrome improved with supportive therapy, and the patient was discharged from
hospital after 30 days. During hospitalization we did not identify any infectious focus, or any
malignancy. We could not exclude other occult chronic conditions (malignancy) but the
patient did not develop any other condition during 4.5 years of follow-up
Recommended from our members
Simplified Production of Large Prototypes using Visible Slicing
Rapid Prototyping (RP) is a totally automatic generative manufacturing
technique based on a âdivide-and-conquerâ strategy called âslicingâ. Simple
slicing used on 2.5-axis kinematics of the existing RP machines is responsible for
the staircase error. Although thinner slices will have less error, the slice thickness
has practical limits. Visible Slicing overcomes these limitations. A few visible
slices exactly represent the object. Each visible slice can be realized using a 3- axis kinematics machine from two opposite directions. Visible slicing is
implemented on Segmented Object Manufacturing (SOM) machine under
development. SOM can produce soft large prototypes faster and cheaper with
accuracy comparable to that of CNC machining.Mechanical Engineerin
Recommended from our members
Techno-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Layered Manufacturing
Subtractive manufacturing (CNC machining) has high quality of geometric and
material properties but is slow, costly and infeasible in some cases; additive
manufacturing (RP) is just the opposite. Total automation and hence speed is
achieved in RP by compromising on quality. Hybrid Layered Manufacturing
(HLM) developed at IIT Bombay combines the best features of both these
approaches. It uses arc welding for building near-net shapes which are finish
machined to final dimensions. High speed of HLM surpasses all other processes
for tool making by eliminating NC programming and rough machining. The
techno-economic viability of HLM process has been proved through a real life
case study. Time and cost of tool making using HLM promises to be substantially
lower than that of CNC machining and other RP methods. Interestingly, the
material cost in HLM was also found to be lower. HLM is a cheaper retrofitment
to any 3 or 5 axis CNC milling machine or machining center.Mechanical Engineerin
Recommended from our members
User defined nodal displacement of numerical mesh for analysis of screw machines in FLUENT
Growing demands to reduce energy consumption are driving researchers towards in-depth analysis of positive displacement machines. Twin screw compressors are amongst the most common types of positive displacement machines. These machines have inherently complex geometry due to intricate rotor profiles used. As the details of the internal flows are difficult to obtain experimentally, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) offers a good alternative for evaluation of internal flow patterns. However, implementation of CFD is challenging due complex deforming geometries. In this paper, a customised grid generator SCORGTM developed by authors is used to generate numerical meshes for commercially available solver ANSYS FLUENT. FLUENT is an unstructured solver which offers flexibility of using both segregated and coupled solution algorithms. Segregated algorithms are generally faster which results in shorter product development time. Interface with FLUENT is implemented by performing User Defined Nodal Displacements (UDND) of grids generated by SCORG in a parallel framework. For this purpose, SCORG and UDND are coupled and extended to work with FLUENT's parallel architecture. The developed code is compiled within the solver. The oil free air screw compressor with 'N' profile rotors and 3/5 lobe combination is modelled for 8000 RPM and 6000 RPM. Finally, the predicted performance values with FLUENT are compared to previously calculated CFX predictions and experimental results. FLUENT requires shorter solution time to obtain same accuracy of CFX
Recommended from our members
Evaluation of âCodeveâ methodology for teaching npd to virtual design teams
Studies on the effectiveness of New Product Development (NPD) in countries of partner organizations of EGPR (European Global Product Realisation) course discovered that the end phases of the process are most challenging. These are identification of market needs on one end and commercialization on the other. CODEVE (COllaborative DEsign in Virtual Environment) teaching methodology is developed within EGPR course. EGPR is joint educational project of four European universities running since 2004. CODEVE is tested through the Erasmus+ funded project called NARIP (Networked Activities for Realization of Innovative Products). The goal of developing this teaching methodology was to establish suitable means by which students can learn NPD process and how to implement it in their professional career. NARIP project is funded by EU over three years to develop, test and implement this methodology within partner academic institutions from the UK, Croatia, Slovenia and Hungary. It is expected that the recommendations resulting from this activity will be implemented in academia and industry across Europe and help companies to improve their NPD process. This paper presents findings of the student surveys from NARIP projects hosted by Zagreb and Budapest in 2015 and 2016 respectively. The study analyses the effectiveness of the NPD process, the engagement of students, knowledge generation of staff and other aspects of the performed NPD process. The analysis lead to recommendations of improving the CODEVE methodology which will be finally tested in the EGPR project hosted in the UK in 2017
Small signal state space model of the frequency-dependent DC cable based on direct vector fitting
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Non-equilibrium hysteresis and spin relaxation in the mixed-anisotropy dipolar coupled spin-glass LiHoErF
We present a study of the model spin-glass LiHoErF using
simultaneous AC susceptibility, magnetization and magnetocaloric effect
measurements along with small angle neutron scattering (SANS) at sub-Kelvin
temperatures. All measured bulk quantities reveal hysteretic behavior when the
field is applied along the crystallographic c axis. Furthermore avalanche-like
relaxation is observed in a static field after ramping from the
zero-field-cooled state up to Oe. SANS measurements are employed to
track the microscopic spin reconfiguration throughout both the hysteresis loop
and the related relaxation. Comparing the SANS data to inhomogeneous mean-field
calculations performed on a box of one million unit cells provides a real-space
picture of the spin configuration. We discover that the avalanche is being
driven by released Zeeman energy, which heats the sample and creates positive
feedback, continuing the avalanche. The combination of SANS and mean-field
simulations reveal that the conventional distribution of cluster sizes is
replaced by one with a depletion of intermediate cluster sizes for much of the
hysteresis loop.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Recommended from our members
Development and Design of Energy Efficient Oil-Flooded Screw Compressors
It is estimated that about 17% of the world's generated power is used for compression. Thus all, even minor improvement of the efficiency of compressors will substantially reduce CO2 emission. This paper presents development of family of energy efficient oil-flooded screw compressors for Kirloskar Pneumatic Company Ltd. The developmental techniques adopted to improve efficiency such as introduction of superior 'N' rotor profile, rotor clearance management, performance calculation using 3D CCM (Computational Continuum Mechanics), direct parametric interface to CAD (Computer Aided Design), which contains bearing selection for complete 3D solid modelling. Also, contemporary prototyping and experimental investigation is supported by the fully computerised data acquisition and processing. The cumulative improvement of all these elements of the design process resulted in a very efficient machine which guarantees the competitive position of Kirloskar Pneumatic Company Limited in the screw compressor market
Neutral Radius Value Determination by Numerical Simulation Method at Ring Upsetting Test
Ring upsetting represents a basic operation for bulk forming process and has particular significance since it is used for contact friction determination. At ring upsetting by flat dies, metal flow depends upon tribological conditions present at contact surface. Thereby, two variants of metal flow are possible: a) two-way flow from neutral radius that is present at lower friction coefficient values, followed by ringâs inner radius reduction and ringâs outer radius increase. In such circumstances, neutral radius is found between inner and outer radius. b) one-way flow that occurs at higher friction coefficient values, where neutral radius is lower than ringâs inner radius. This paper is presenting the results of determination of relation between neutral radius value and friction coefficient. Such relation is determined by numerical simulation, by using Simufact.Forming software. Experimental verification of neutral radius position is conducted by metallographic analysis, for two friction coefficient values. Friction coefficient values are determined by ring upsetting by using dies, where in one case of ring upsetting, contact surfaces were ion implanted with nitroge
Recommended from our members
Identification and analysis of screw compressor mechanical losses
Screw compressors are compact machines, used for a wide range of applications where gases or vapours are required to be delivered at moderate pressures with high efficiency and reliability. They are most effective when the compressed medium requires power inputs, approximately in the 10 kW - 1-2 MW range. At lower inputs alternatives such as reciprocating and scroll compressors are preferable and at higher inputs turbo-compressors are more suitable.
In industrialised countries, compressors absorb 15-20% of the total electrical power generated. Hence there is a continuing demand to improve their efficiency. This is normally expressed as the specific power consumption, which is the power required to compress unit mass of gas delivered.
There already exist mathematical models to assist in the design of such machines and to estimate their performance, which include the estimation of the dynamic loads acting on the rotors and bearings and these loads determine their mechanical efficiency. However, these models do not estimate the magnitude of the mechanical losses, which are only guesstimated as an additional increment to the power required to compress the gas. Such an approximation does not enable the optimum selection of bearings and lubricating oil to minimise the frictional power losses.
The aim of the study, described in this paper, was to estimate the effect of the individual parameters responsible for mechanical power loss in oil injected screw compressors and is focussed on the losses incurred in the gear box, bearings and shaft seals.
It was found that in the gearbox, meshing, bearing and seal losses all increase both with speed and gear ratio. In the main rotors, it was found that sliding friction losses in the bearings are not significantly affected by the radial load, nor are rolling friction losses significantly dependent on the axial load. However, both axial and radial loads have a significant effect on the total frictional power loss. Lubricant viscosity affects the frictional power losses but the oil level does not
- âŠ