A blind H i survey in the Canes Venatici region

We have carried out a blind H i survey using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope to make an inventory of objects with small H i masses (between 106 and 108 M⊙) and to constrain the low-mass end of the H i mass function. The survey has been conducted in a part of the volume containing the nearby Canes Venatici groups of galaxies. The surveyed region covers an area on the sky of about 86 deg2 and a range in velocity from about −450 to about 1330 km s−1. We find 70 sources in the survey by applying an automated searching algorithm. Two of the detections have not been catalogued previously, but they can be assigned an optical counterpart, based on visual inspection of the second-generation Digital Sky Survey images. Only one of the H i detections is without an optical counterpart. This object is detected in the vicinity of NGC 4822, and it has been already detected in previous H i studies. 19 of the objects have been detected for the first time in the 21-cm emission line in this survey. The distribution of the H i properties of our detections confirms our ability to find low-mass objects. 86 per cent of the detections have profile widths less than 130 km s−1, and they can be considered dwarf galaxy candidates. The H i fluxes measured imply that this survey goes about 10 times deeper than any previous blind H i survey. The H i mass function and the optical properties of the detected sources will be discussed in future paper

Organizational readiness for co-creation of public services in the central and eastern european administrative tradition: Development of the conceptual multi-attribute decision support model

Co-creation of public services and policies is considered a promising practice of re-shaping the traditional relationship between the state and its citizens, businesses and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Nevertheless, there are also warnings that the implementation of the process of co-creation could fail. A possible reason is that the organization is not ready or sufficiently mature to implement the process of co-creation. This paper addresses co-creation drivers and barriers identified through systematic literature review and analysis of case studies from two Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The aim of this paper is to provide practitioners from CEE countries with a conceptual multi-attribute decision support model for evaluating the organizational readiness for co-creation. The methodological framework consists of three steps. The first two steps, content analysis (i.e. literature review) and case-study analysis, were used to identify and analyze drivers and barriers, which are then used in the last step to develop the conceptual multi-attribute decision support model. The developed model consists of 26 attributes grouped into three categories: Capacity of the organization, drivers and barriers related to internal (public organization) co-creators, and context related drivers and barriers. The key points for practitioners are: •Co-creation drivers and barriers affect organizations at the beginning of their co-creation journey (i.e. in identifying the key co-creation success factor at the organizational level); •Co-creation drivers and barriers serve as guidance to organizations that were unsuccessful in co-creation; •The conceptual model supporting the evaluation of co-creation readiness serves as a tool to those that consider implementing co-creation; •The model offers an insight into a possible methodology for evaluation of readiness in different areas; •For practitioners from the CEE region, co-creation drivers and barriers, together with the conceptual multi-attribute decision support model supporting the evaluation of co-creation readiness, offer a roadmap to successful co-creation

Inhibitory effect of coumarin derivatives on apple (cv. Idared) polyphenol oxidase

Inhibitory effect of 32 coumarin derivatives (20 Schiff bases, 5 thiosemicarbazides, 5 thiazolidinones, and their precursors, 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and 4-methylcoumarin-7-yl hydrazine carboxylate) on partially purified apple polyphenol oxidase was investigated. Thirteen coumarin derivatives inhibited polyphenol oxidase (5 Schiff bases, 5 thiosemicarbazides, 1 thiazolidinone, 4-methyl-7-hydroxycoumarin and 4-methylcoumarin-7-yl hydrazine carboxylate), while 19 derivatives showed no effect on enzyme activity. The most effective inhibitors were thiosemicarbazides, with 4-methyl-1-(2-(4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yloxy)acetyl) thiosemicarbazide (compound C23) being the most prominent inhibitor (IC50 = 10.45 µM). The importance of thiosemicarbazide moiety as crucial structure element for strong apple PPO inhibition was confirmed by its cyclisation to thiazolidinone bearing the same substituents as corresponding thiosemicarbazide. Capture of the sulphur atom of thiosemicarbazide group within tiazolidinone ring caused significant loss of inhibitory effect against apple PPO

Chiral 1,4-Benzodiazepines. VIII. Concerning the Rate of WD Exchange and Optical Stability of the Chiral Centre C(3).

Various chiral substituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones with 3- -acyloxy (general formula I), 3-hydroxy- and 3-alkoxy (general formula II), 3-alkyl (general formula III) and 3-quaternary ammonium (general formula IV) groups as substituents were subjected to C(3)-H-D exchange rate measurements in order to obtain information on the optical stability of the chiral centre and on the mechandsm of racemization. Only type IV compounds (IVa-j) exhibited H/D exchange, but acid catalyzed racemization took place in type I and II compounds, indkating some other mechani. sms in this process. Type III compounds as free bases (IIIa-c), N4-protonated acids, or N4-oxides (III, e; f) underwent no H/D exchange and are optically sfable as well. In cases whe,re deprotonation- reprotonation mechanism of racemization can be excluded two other mechanisms are discussed, i. e. acid-\u27catalyzed ring-chain tautomerism and identity substitution with alkoxide ion

Syntheses of the New Indole Derivatives Related to Indomethacin

Syntheses and properties of the new indole derivatives 18-33, being potential antiinflammatoric agents, are described. 1-p-Chlorobenzoyl- 2-methyl-3-(2\u27-methyl-4\u27-nitroimidazol-1\u27-yl)-5-methoxyindole (32) have been found to possess pronounced antiinflammatoric activity and very low ulcerogenity. Attempting preparation of N-benzoylindole derivative 38 via sigmatropic rearrangement of the open chain precursor 35, as a model procedure for the new synthesis of indomethacin, very low yields on the desired cyclic product 38 have inevitably been obtained

Attempted Diastereoselective Preparation and Chiroptical Properties of (2S)-1-(3-Mercapto-2-Methyl-1-Oxopropyl)-L-Proline (Captopril) and Some Congeners

CD and 13C-NMRstudy of the eonformational properties of (2S)-1-(3-mercapto-2-methyl-1-oxopropyl)-L-proline (captopril, 1), and its congeners 2-5, 8, 9 is reported. 13C-NMRdata (in DMSO-d6) reveal an E/Z (cis/trans) ratio of ea. (15-30) : (70-85) for the N-acetyl-prolines 1, 5, 10, and for N-acetyl-L-proline. CD data indicate practically identical conformations for the ring systems of 8 and 9. Attempted diastereoselective cyclization of the sodium salt of 7 or the free thioacid into 8 and 9 resulted in low chemical yields (-30%) and low diastereoselectivity, favouring formation of the »wrong- diastereomer 9 in small excess (-20%)

Chiral 1,4-Benzodiazepines. X. Further Investigations of Configurational Stability of the Chiral Centre C(3)

For various at C(3)-chiral 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones rate determinations of racemisation (ka.- for C(3)-0CH3 derivative ( + )-1), degenerate nucleophilic exchange (k0 - for rac. 1 and rac. 2), and solvolysis (k5 - for C(3)-hemisuccinyl derivative 4) have been performed. These investigations revealed; (a) retention of .configuration during methanolysis of ( + )-3, (b) slow racemisation of ( + )-1 during solvolytic degenerate nucleophilic substitution (kefko. - - 4), (c} no participation of SNl retentive reaction, possible via intramolecular transfer of the methoxy group within intermediary compounds 4-6, (d) thermodi:namic parameters for racemisation of ( + )-1 between 20-40 °c; liH"" = 18.0 ± 0.8 kcal/moll**, liS"" = = - 7.2 ± 2.5 e. u.*** Mechanistic scheme is offered which accounts for all experimental results. The effect of the electrocyclic equilibrium on the electronic structure of N(4) protonated benzodiazepines, and its possible consequences for their mechanisms of biological activity on the central nervous system (CNS), have briefly been discussed

Cardiotoxicity of fire gases

Prikazani su direktni i indirektni uzroci hipoksije miokarda u požarima. Među prvima su zapreke u opskrbi kisikom, tj. hipoksija u samoj atmosferi požara i karboksihemoglobinemija, a među drugima su zapreke u korištenju kisika, tj. .teško fizičko i psihofizičko opterećenje, karboksimioglobin u miokardu i inhibicija citokromoksidaze cijanovodikom. Kao dodatna opasnost za miokard navedeni su klorirani ugljikovodici (gašenje) i njihovi pirolitički produkti (fozgen). Opširnije je opisana kardiotoksičnost ugljik-monoksida s posebnim osvrtom na Haldaneov učinak i na ponavljane ekspozicije (vatrogasci, pušači, vozači u gustom prometu). Spomenuto je i djelovanje ugljik-monoksida na agregaciju trombocita kao i djelovanje na ubrzanje ateroskleroze. Zbog čestog izgaranja plastlke što sadrži dušika (poliuretani, poliaikrilonitrili, poliamidi .itd.) suvremeni požari proizvode i cijanovodik, pa je opisano i njegovo djelovanje na miokard. Kardiotoksičnost halogeniranih ugljikovodika, proučavana prethodno i vlastitim radovima, posebno je važna za vatrogasce zbog upotrebe halona za gašenje požara. Kod incineracija (smeća) može se u atmosferi pojaviti i tetraklordibenzodioksin (TCDD).Direct and indirect causes of myocardial hypoxia in fires are described. Among the former are the defects in oxygen supply and access i.e. hypoxia in the fire atmosphere and carboxyhaemoglobinaemia, while among the latter are the defects in oxygen disposal and use due to heavy physical and psychophysical efforts, the presence of carboxymyoglobin in the heart muscle and the inhibition of cytochrome oxydase by cyanides. As an additional hazard to the heart muscle chlorinated hydrocarbons (fire extinguishers) or their products (phosgene) should also be considered. The cardiotoxicity of carbon monoxide is presented in detail with special regard to the Haldane effect and repeated exposures (firemen, smokers, drivers of motor vehicles in dense traffic). A possible thrombocyte aggregation effect of carbon monoxide as well as its possible role in the long-term development of atherosclerosis are also dealt with. Because of the frequency of fires involving nitrogen-containing polymers such as polyurethanes, polyacrilonitriles and polyarnides hydrogen cyanide may be produced and its toxic cardiac action should be taken into consideration. The cardiotoxicrty of halogenated hydrocarbons investigated earlier, is outlined is being .important for firemen using halones extinguishers. The appearance of tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) in incineration of garbage is also mentioned