Prevalence, drug susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella pneumoniae in women with urinary tract infection

Background- Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in which bacteria enters the tract and cultivate in the urinary tract i.e. the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It is a common type of infection affecting females. UTI in case of K. Pneumoniae (gram – bacteria) is symptomatic with signs of increase in urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic discomfort, and dysuria are all common symptoms.Materials and Methods- We recruited 80 female patients diagnosed with UTI of different ages for the study. The study population was female patients aged 18-45yrs, n=50 (group 1) and 55-85yrs, n=30 (group 2) who were hospitalized for symptoms of urinary tract infections. Midstream urine is collected in sterile containers. Samples were treated within 2 hours of collection in cysteine-lactose electrolyte deficiency (CLED) medium. Colony count, morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical characteristics were used to identify UTI-positive isolates. The disc diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility in both age groups, and the results were compared.&nbsp

Association of vitamin-D with hypothyroidism in adult female patients in north Indian population

Background: Thyroid disorder is found to be most commonly occurring endocrine disorder in females. Thyroid hormones have an imperative position in metabolic methods in human body, and several physiological and pathological stimuli are known to influence thyroid metabolism. The increased incidence of hypovitaminosis D was diagnosed in population with hypothyroidism. Objective: To check the relation of Vitamin D in adult female patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Method: We recruited 60 patients and divided these patients into two groups, Group-1- Hypothyroidism patients (n=30) and Group-2- Control patients (n=30). Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), total Triiodothyronine (T3), total Thyroxine (T4), and Vitamin D levels were estimated by automated method in Abbott ARCHITECT ci8200 machine. Results: In the present study we found patients with hypothyroidism 73.3% (n=22) has low level of Vitamin D while 26.6% (n=8) of population have normal level of Vitamin D. We could not find significant association between Vitamin D and hypothyroidism (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study concluded that hypothyroidism has no significant role in lowering the levels of Vitamin D but we also emphasize the fact that Vitamin D should be done as routine investigation in healthy as well as hypothyroidism patients as its value was also less in control subjects

Prevalence, Drug Susceptibility Pattern of Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Women with Urinary Tract Infection

Background- Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in which bacteria enters the tract and cultivate in the urinary tract i.e. the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. It is a common type of infection affecting females. UTI in case of K. Pneumoniae (gram – bacteria) is symptomatic with signs of increase in urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic discomfort, and dysuria are all common symptoms.Materials and Methods- We recruited 80 female patients diagnosed with UTI of different ages for the study. The study population was female patients aged 18-45yrs, n=50 (group 1) and 55-85yrs, n=30 (group 2) who were hospitalized for symptoms of urinary tract infections. Midstream urine is collected in sterile containers. Samples were treated within 2 hours of collection in cysteine-lactose electrolyte deficiency (CLED) medium. Colony count, morphology, Gram stain, and biochemical characteristics were used to identify UTI-positive isolates. The disc diffusion method was used to test antibiotic susceptibility in both age groups, and the results were compared.&nbsp