Farine de sevrage commerciale ANAGOBAKA: quels risques pathologiques dans le régime du rat en croissance?

Trois groupes de dix rats en croissance sont nourris durant 15 jours avec trois régimes alimentaires dont deux farines de sevrage du commerce qui sont l’Anagobaka 2,04% de protéines et le Cerelac Blé avec 14,94% de protéines. Un régime témoin constitué de farine de poisson fixé à 14,94% de protéines. Le dosage des paramètres plasmatiques et la biométrie des reins, coeurs, poumons, iléons et des foies sont effectués chez cinq rats de chaque lot en fin d’expérience. Les valeurs obtenues avec l’urée (0,18 ± 0,05 g/l), la glycémie (1,04 ± 0,32g/l), et la créatinine (0,47 ± 0,06g/l) chez les rats consommant l’Anagobaka sont inférieures à celles des rats soumis aux régimes Cerelac Blé (urée 0,22 ± 0,01 g/l; glycémie 2,94 ± 0,71 g/l; créatinine 0,72 ± 0,32 g/l) et témoin (urée 0,24 ± 0,02 g/l ; glycémie 2,91 ± 0,04 g/l; créatinine 0,72 ± 0,08g/l). La biométrie des organes a révélé chez les rats sous régime Anagobaka la diminution de 34,70% du poids de l’iléon et l’augmentation de 16,92% des reins, 21,20% du poids du foie et de 52,17% du poids du coeur en comparaison aux sujets témoins. Ces résultats pourraient présager une pathologie ou une perturbation du métabolisme nutritionnel de ces organes chez les rats soumis au régime Anagobaka.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Farine, sevrage, biométrie, métabolismeEnglish Title: Commercial weaning flour ANAGOBAKA: what pathological risks in the growing rat diet?English AbstractThree groups of ten young rats are fed during 15 days with three diets among which two weaning meals namely Anagobaka 2,04% of proteins and wheat Cerelac 14,904% of proteins. The other is an experimental diet made of fish flour with 14,904% of proteins. At the end of the experiment, a dosage of biochemical plasma parameters and the biometry of kidneys, hearts, lungs, ileums and livers are realized on ‟all the rats”. The results obtained with after urea (0,18 ± 0,05 g/l), blood glucose analysis (1,04 ± 0,32 g/l), and the creatinine (0,47 ± 0,06 g/l) on rats fed with Anagobaka are inferior to those of rats fed with Wheat Cerelac (urea 0,22 ±  0,01 ; blood glucose analysis 2,94 ± 0,71 g/l ; creatinine 0,72 ± 0,32 g/l) and to those of the first experiment rats (urea 0,24 ± 0,02 g/l ; blood glucose analysis 2,91± 0,04 ; creatinine 0,72 ± 0,08 ), The dosage of biochemical plasma parameters could reveal some physiological pathologies and handicap. Yet, the organs biometry for rats submitted to Anagobaka diet has revealed the diminution of 34,70% from the weight of ileum, and the raise in weight of 16,92% of the kidneys, 21,20% in weight of liver and 52,17% in the in weight of heart compared to those of the first experiment rats. These results could foretell a pathology or a disturbance of the nutrition metabolism of these organs.© 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Flour, weaning, biometrics, metabolis

Effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on risk of death in west African, HIV-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts: long-term follow-up of the Temprano ANRS 12136 trial

Background: Temprano ANRS 12136 was a factorial 2 × 2 trial that assessed the benefits of early antiretroviral therapy (ART; ie, in patients who had not reached the CD4 cell count threshold used to recommend starting ART, as per the WHO guidelines that were the standard during the study period) and 6-month isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) in HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire. Early ART and IPT were shown to independently reduce the risk of severe morbidity at 30 months. Here, we present the efficacy of IPT in reducing mortality from the long-term follow-up of Temprano. Methods: For Temprano, participants were randomly assigned to four groups (deferred ART, deferred ART plus IPT, early ART, or early ART plus IPT). Participants who completed the trial follow-up were invited to participate in a post-trial phase. The primary post-trial phase endpoint was death, as analysed by the intention-to-treat principle. We used Cox proportional models to compare all-cause mortality between the IPT and no IPT strategies from inclusion in Temprano to the end of the follow-up period. Findings: Between March 18, 2008, and Jan 5, 2015, 2056 patients (mean baseline CD4 count 477 cells per μL) were followed up for 9404 patient-years (Temprano 4757; post-trial phase 4647). The median follow-up time was 4·9 years (IQR 3·3–5·8). 86 deaths were recorded (Temprano 47 deaths; post-trial phase 39 deaths), of which 34 were in patients randomly assigned IPT (6-year probability 4·1%, 95% CI 2·9–5·7) and 52 were in those randomly assigned no IPT (6·9%, 5·1–9·2). The hazard ratio of death in patients who had IPT compared with those who did not have IPT was 0·63 (95% CI, 0·41 to 0·97) after adjusting for the ART strategy (early vs deferred), and 0·61 (0·39–0·94) after adjustment for the ART strategy, baseline CD4 cell count, and other key characteristics. There was no evidence for statistical interaction between IPT and ART (pinteraction=0·77) or between IPT and time (pinteraction=0·94) on mortality. Interpretation: In Côte d'Ivoire, where the incidence of tuberculosis was last reported as 159 per 100 000 people, 6 months of IPT has a durable protective effect in reducing mortality in HIV-infected people, even in people with high CD4 cell counts and who have started ART. Funding: National Research Agency on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS)