Evaluation of the Effects of a Career Education Course at a University

本研究の目的は，A大学において教員と事務職員の協働により実施されているキャリア教育科目の効果を測定することであった。科目を受講した3年次生431名に対し，初回授業時と最終授業時に質問紙調査を実施した。その結果，全7学科において，授業の初回から最終回にかけてキャリア意識（キャリアアクション，キャリアビジョン）の尺度得点が有意に高くなっていた。また，尺度得点をプロット分析したところ，アクション，ビジョンともに高得点であるAゾーンについては約1.8倍の増加がみられ，ともに低得点であるCゾーンについては半減した。プロットの変化パターンでは，アクション，ビジョンのいずれかの得点，または両方の得点が上昇するプラス方向への変化がみられた受講生は，全回答者の40％だった。これらの結果より，本科目が進路意識の涵養やキャリアプランニングあるいは就職活動への準備に対して，肯定的な影響がある可能性が示唆された。The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of a career education course offered through the collaboration between the faculty and administrative staff at a university. A questionnaire survey was administered to 431 third-year students enrolled in the course and attended the first and the last lecture. The results revealed that career awareness scale scores, which comprised career action and career vision, were significantly higher in the final lecture than in the first one. Plot analysis of the scale scores demonstrated an approximately 1.8-fold increase in Zone A, with high scores for both action and vision. However, in Zone C, which had low scores for both classes, there was a half-fold decrease. About plot change patterns, 40% of the respondents exhibited a positive change in the action and/or vision scores. These results suggest that this course has a positive influence on the cultivation of career awareness, career planning, and preparation for job hunting

大学生のイラショナルキャリアビリーフと就職活動との関連 [全文の要約]

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Pyoderma gangrenosum after breast cancer resection: A less-invasive and early treatment using the skin around ulcers

Surgical invasion is a risk factor of pyoderma gangrenosum (PG). A total of 25% of postoperative PG cases were reported to occur after breast surgeries, including bilateral breast reduction and breast reconstruction following cancer resection. Immunosuppressive therapy and less-invasive wound therapy are necessary; however, the complete healing of ulcers takes 5.1 months on average. We herein report a case of skin grafting under a surgical concept of less-invasive and short-term treatment. An 82-year-old woman complained of a high fever and severe pain at her breast wounds after bilateral breast cancer resection. Although we performed emergency debridement surgery to remove the necrotic tissue, suspecting surgical site infection and inflammation, her high fever persisted. She was diagnosed with PG because of the physical findings of characteristic painful, sterile ulcerations, bullae and pustules, and the pathological abundance of neutrophils in the absence of infection and vasculitis. Oral administration of prednisolone 30 mg/day improved the symptoms, and we applied negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) from day 16 following debridement surgery. After the gradual reduction of oral steroid intake to 12.5 mg/day, we performed skin grafting surgery. To limit the surgical invasion, we used the surplus skin around the ulcers. Split-thickness mesh skin grafts were fixed by NPWT to avoid the use of tie-over sutures. We achieved short-term treatment of PG with a less-invasive surgical strategy using skin around the ulcers and NPWT

Double chambered right ventricle with severe calcification of the tricuspid valve in an elderly woman: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Double chambered right ventricle is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly in which the right ventricle is divided into two chambers by an anomalous muscle bundle. The diagnosis of this disorder is difficult in adults. Calcification of the tricuspid valve is extremely rare, and very few cases have been reported. Most cases of tricuspid valve calcification had a congenital disorder with high pressure in the right ventricle.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report a rare case of a 71-year-old Japanese woman who presented with chest discomfort, and was found to have a double chambered right ventricle with severe calcification of the tricuspid valve. This abnormality was found by echocardiography, and the diagnosis was confirmed by multislice cardiac computerized tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac catheterization. Our patient rejected surgical repair, and medical therapy with carvedilol was effective to reduce her symptoms.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Calcification of the tricuspid valve is extremely rare, and considered to be due to high pressure in the right ventricle. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other reported cases of this combination of double chambered right ventricle and calcification of the tricuspid valve.</p

Single-cell transcriptomics of human cholesteatoma identifies an activin A-producing osteoclastogenic fibroblast subset inducing bone destruction

Cholesteatoma, which potentially results from tympanic membrane retraction, is characterized by intractable local bone erosion and subsequent hearing loss and brain abscess formation. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying bone destruction remain elusive. Here, we performed a single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on human cholesteatoma samples and identify a pathogenic fibroblast subset characterized by abundant expression of inhibin βA. We demonstrate that activin A, a homodimer of inhibin βA, promotes osteoclast differentiation. Furthermore, the deletion of inhibin βA /activin A in these fibroblasts results in decreased osteoclast differentiation in a murine model of cholesteatoma. Moreover, follistatin, an antagonist of activin A, reduces osteoclastogenesis and resultant bone erosion in cholesteatoma. Collectively, these findings indicate that unique activin A-producing fibroblasts present in human cholesteatoma tissues are accountable for bone destruction via the induction of local osteoclastogenesis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.Shimizu K., Kikuta J., Ohta Y., et al. Single-cell transcriptomics of human cholesteatoma identifies an activin A-producing osteoclastogenic fibroblast subset inducing bone destruction. Nature Communications 14, 4417 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-40094-3

A new era in the management of spinal metastasis

Despite the recent advances in cancer treatment, the incidence of patients with spinal metastases continues to grow along with the total number of cancer patients. Spinal metastases can significantly impair activities of daily living (ADL) and quality of life (QOL), compared with other types of bone metastases, as they are characterized with severe pain and paralysis caused by skeletal-related events. Reduced ADL can also lead to treatment limitations as certain anticancer agents and radiation therapy are not compatible treatments; thus, leading to a shorter life expectancy. Consequently, maintaining ADLs in patients with spinal metastases is paramount, and spine surgeons have an integral role to play in this regard. However, neurosurgeon, orthopedic and spinal surgeons in Japan do not have a proactive treatment approach to spinal metastases, which may prevent them from providing appropriate treatment when needed (clinical inertia). To overcome such endemic inertia, it is essential for 1) spine surgeons to understand and be more actively involved with patients with musculoskeletal disorders (cancer locomo) and cancer patients; 2) the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach (coordination and meetings not only with the attending oncologist but also with spine surgeons, radiologists, rehabilitation specialists, and other professionals) to preemptive treatment such as medication, radiotherapy, and surgical treatment; and 3) the integration of the latest findings associated with minimally invasive spinal treatments that have expanded the indications for treatment of spinal metastases and improved treatment outcomes. This heralds a new era in the management of spinal metastases

ギーラー・マインハルト系における点凝集現象と飽和効果

首都大学東京, 2010-03-25, 博士(理学