Flesh or fish? First results of archaeometric research of prehistoric burials from Sakhtysh IIa, Upper Volga region, Russia

Graves and their human remains not only shed light on burial customs and social structures of past populations, but also constitute an excellent archive of prehistoric environmental and living conditions. Especially 13C/15N isotope analysis has recently opened up promising perspectives for reconstructing changes in diet and their social, cultural and economic background. Such investigations have been started on material from the Stone and Early Metal Age hunter-gatherer cemetery of Sakhtysh IIa in the Upper Volga region of Central Russia, where 15 burials associated with the early Lyalovo culture (5th mill. calBC) and 57 graves of the Volosovo culture (4th – 3rd mill. calBC) have been excavated. In this paper, we present new AMS dates and isotopic data from four burials, two from the earlier and two from the later group. The results are discussed against the background of existing dates from Sakhtysh IIa burials and compared with information from other burial sites of Northern Europe

Specifics of the Fuel and Energy Complex Regulation: Seeking New Opportunities for Russian and International Aspects

The goal of this article is to define the main trends and possible ways of further development of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) in the Russian economy. The following tasks were solved to achieve this goal: to determine the place of the Russian FEC in the world economy, to assess the results achieved in implementing the energy strategy, and to identify promising directions for regulating the Russian FEC. The results of the study allow to conclude that certain positive indicators were achieved in the field of improving energy security, reducing energy intensity and increasing the budgetary efficiency of the FEC as part of the ES-2030 implementation. At the moment, the regulatory and legal framework has been formed and is being further developed, measures for import substitution in the FEC sectors are being taken, tax, customs and tariff policies are being improved, measures have been developed and implemented to increase the availability of energy infrastructure, etc. Further measures of state regulation of the FEC sectors should be aimed at the development of renewable energy economy, measures to encourage investments in the FEC, and the improvement of the system of tariff setting for electricity transmission services. Keywords: energy security, energy conservation, renewable energy sources (RES). JEL Classifications: L70, P20, P2

Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on a Macrocyclic Ligand Bearing Neutral Red

An amperometric aptasensor has been developed by immobilization of DNA aptamer with Neutral Red (NR) on polycarboxylated thiacalix[4]arene onto the electropolymerized NR layer at a glassy carbon electrode. The NR reduction current recorded after 10min incubation decayed with increased thrombin concentration due to limitation of the electron exchange in the surface layer. The aptasensor makes it possible to determine 0.1-50nM of thrombin (limit of detection 0.05nM). The aptasensor can be used for the direct determination of thrombin in blood serum and does not exert any alteration of the response in the presence of 100 fold excess of serum proteins. © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Label-free aptasensor for thrombin determination based on the nanostructured phenazine mediator

New aptasensors based on DNA aptamer and polycarboxylated thiacalix[4]arenes in cone, 1,3-alternate and partial cone configurations bearing Neutral Red (NR) at substituents at the lower rim have been developed and applied for thrombin detection. The assembly of the biorecognition layer was optimized by AFM and EIS study to reach the maximal coverage and regular composition of the surface layer. The interaction of the NR groups with thrombin suppressed the electron hopping between oxidized and reduced mediator groups. This regularly decreased the NR peak current and increased the resistance of the charge transfer. The aptasensor makes it possible to detect from 1 nM to 1 μM of thrombin with the detection limit of 0.05-0.5 nM. No effect of the 1000 excess of bovine serum albumin on the signal was observed. The influence of thiacalix[4]arene configuration on the sensitivity of aptasensor signal toward thrombin is discussed. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The 6^{6}H states studied in the d(8He,α)d(^8\text{He},\alpha) reaction and evidence of extremely correlated character of the 5^{5}H ground state

The extremely neutron-rich system $^{6}$H was studied in the direct $^2\text{H}(^8\text{He},{^4\text{He}})^{6}$H transfer reaction with a 26 $A$ MeV secondary $^{8}$He beam. The measured missing mass spectrum shows a resonant state in $^{6}$H at $6.8(3)$ MeV relative to the $^3$H+$3n$ threshold. The population cross section of the presumably $p$-wave states in the energy range from 4 to 8 MeV is $d\sigma/d\Omega_{\text{c.m.}} \simeq 190(40)$ $\mu$b/sr in the angular range $5^{\circ}<\theta_{\text{c.m.}}<16^{\circ}$. The obtained missing mass spectrum is free of the $^{6}$H events below 3.5 MeV ($d\sigma/d\Omega_{\text{c.m.}} \lesssim 3$ $\mu$b/sr in the same angular range). The steep rise of the $^{6}$H missing mass spectrum at 3 MeV allows to show that $4.5(3)$ MeV is the lower limit for the possible resonant state energy in $^{6}$H tolerated by our data. According to paring energy estimates, such a $4.5(3)$ MeV resonance is a realistic candidate for the $^{6}$H ground state (g.s.). The obtained results confirm that the decay mechanism of the $^{7}$H g.s.\ (located at 2.2 MeV above the $^{3}$H+$4n$ threshold) is the ``true'' (or simultaneous) $4n$ emission. The resonance energy profiles and the momentum distributions of the sequential $^{6}$H \,\rightarrow \, ^5H(g.s.)+n\, \rightarrow \, ^3H+$3n$ decay fragments were analyzed by the theoretically-updated direct four-body-decay and sequential-emission mechanisms. The measured momentum distributions of the $^{3}$H fragments in the $^{6}$H rest frame indicate very strong ``dineutron-type'' correlations in the $^{5}$H ground state decay.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Study of Proton and Deuteron Pickup Reactions 2H(10Be,3He)9Li an 2H(10Be,4He)8Li with 44 A MeV 10Be Radioactive Beam at ACCULINNA-2 Fragment Separator

The proton and deuteron pickup reactions 2H(10Be,3He)9Li and\\ 2H(10Be,4He)8Li radioactive beam produced by the new fragment separator ACCULINNA-2 at FLNR, JINR\@. These measurements were initially motivated as test reactions intended for the elucidation of results obtained in the study of the extremely neutron-rich 7H and 6H systems created in the 2H(10Be,3He)9Li and 2H(10Be,4He)8Li reactions using the same setup. In the 2H(10Be,3He)9Li reaction the 9Li ground-state ($3/2^-$) and its first excited state (2.69~MeV, $1/2^-$) were identified in the low-energy region of its excitation spectrum. The differential cross sections for the 9Li g.~s.) population were extracted at forward center-of-mass angles ($3^\circ-13^\circ$) and compared with the FRESCO calculations. Spectroscopic factor of $\sim 1.7$, derived by a model for the 10Be$= p +$9Li(g.s.) clustering was found in accord with the experimental data. The energy spectrum of 8Li populated in the 2H(10Be,4He)8Li reaction shows the strong peak which corresponds to excitation of the second excited state of 8Li (2.25 MeV, $3^+$). The fact that the ground and the first excited states of 8Li were not observed is fully consistent with Shell-Model calculations carried out for the 10Be g.\,s. and 8Li level structure applying momentum selection rules

OPTIMIZATION OF PRESENTATION AND CONSUMER CONTAINER OF ANTI-RABIES IMMUNOGLOBULIN OBTAINED FROM HORSE SERUM

We presented the data concerning optimization of presentation and consumer container of anti-rabies immunoglobulin obtained, from horse serum.. During the experiments, ampoules and. flasks were used for primary packaging. They were filled within 5 ml of the preparation of freeze-drying. Comparative analysis of physical, chemical and. biological properties and. molecular parameters of freeze-dried and initial forms of the immunoglobulin. was carried out. Freeze-drying was demonstrated to promote stabilization of its properties and. prevent emergence of fragments and. aggregates during anti-rabies immunoglobulin storage

Mass measurements of As, Se and Br nuclei and their implication on the proton-neutron interaction strength towards the N=Z line

Mass measurements of the nuclides 69As, 70,71Se, and 71Br, produced via fragmentation of a 124Xe primary beam at the Fragment Separator (FRS) at GSI, have been performed with the multiple-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MR-TOF-MS) of the FRS Ion Catcher with an unprecedented mass resolving power of almost 1000000. Such high resolving power is the only way to achieve accurate results and resolve overlapping peaks of short-lived exotic nuclei, whose total number of accumulated events is always limited. For the nuclide 69As, this is the first direct mass measurement. A mass uncertainty of 22 keV was achieved with only ten events. For the nuclide 70Se, a mass uncertainty of 2.6 keV was obtained, corresponding to a relative accuracy of δm/m=4.0×10−8, with less than 500 events. The masses of the nuclides 71Se and 71Br have been measured with an uncertainty of 23 and 16 keV, respectively. Our results for the nuclides 70,71Se and 71Br are in good agreement with the 2016 Atomic Mass Evaluation, and our result for the nuclide 69As resolves the discrepancy between the previous indirect measurements. We measured also the mass of the molecule 14N15N40Ar (A=69) with a relative accuracy of δm/m=1.7×10−8, the highest yet achieved with an MR-TOF-MS. Our results show that the measured restrengthening of the proton-neutron interaction (δVpn) for odd-odd nuclei along the N=Z line above Z=29 (recently extended to Z=37) is hardly evident at the N−Z=2 line, and not evident at the N−Z=4 line. Nevertheless, detailed structure of δVpn along the N−Z=2 and N−Z=4 lines, confirmed by our mass measurements, may provide a hint regarding the ongoing ≈500 keV discrepancy in the mass value of the nuclide 70Br, which prevents including it in the world average of Ft value for superallowed 0+→0+β decays. The reported work sets the stage for mass measurements with the FRS Ion Catcher of nuclei at and beyond the N=Z line in the same region of the nuclear chart, including the nuclide 70Br.peerReviewe