Supplementary data for article : Kolarević, S.; Milovanović, D.; Kračun-Kolarević, M.; Kostić, J.; Sunjog, K.; Martinović, R.; Đorđević, J.; Novaković, I.; Sladić, D.; Vuković-Gačić, B. Evaluation of Genotoxic Potential of Avarol, Avarone, and Its Methoxy and Methylamino Derivatives in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Test Models. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2019, 42 (2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1413108

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1413108]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/322

Supplementary data for article : Kolarević, S.; Milovanović, D.; Kračun-Kolarević, M.; Kostić, J.; Sunjog, K.; Martinović, R.; Đorđević, J.; Novaković, I.; Sladić, D.; Vuković-Gačić, B. Evaluation of Genotoxic Potential of Avarol, Avarone, and Its Methoxy and Methylamino Derivatives in Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Test Models. Drug and Chemical Toxicology 2019, 42 (2), 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1413108

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1413108]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/322

The effects of physical tiredness on some cognitive functions

Although a significant number of researchers in spite of the large number of scientific papers dealing with various psychological and physiological effects of physical fatigue, there are few works which are considered objective ways of registering the psychological consequences of physical fatigue. This paper represents pilot research with the aim of ascertaining whether physical tiredness significantly affects the occurrence and prominence of some cognitive and executive functions (concentration and inhibition). Conducted on the sample of 41 respondents including the 2nd, 3rd and 4th year Psychology students at the Faculty of Philosophy in Nis, the research consisted of two phases. In order to assess concentration and inhibition, in the first, pre-test phase the respondents were given two tasks - Code Task and Left-Right Task. This was followed by the physical tiring out of the respondents, which consisted of jumping over the skipping rope for 5 minutes. Immediately afterwards, the respondents took part in the second, post-test phase, which included the assessment of cognitive and executive functions by applying the same tasks from the pre-test phase. T-test for dependent samples was used in order to test the existence of significant effects of physical tiredness on concentration and inhibition. The results point to the existence of significant differences between the number of correct and incorrect answers within each research phase (pre-test and post-test) for both functions. However, the results were slightly different when we examined the difference between correct answers in the pre-test and post-test phase and the difference between the number of incorrect answers in the pre-test and post-test phase. Namely, what was noticed is a significant effect of physical tiredness on the concentration, but not on the inhibition. Since it was pilot research, it can be said that the obtained results show that it seems reasonable to examine the influence of physical tiredness on the occurrence and prominence of cognitive and executive functions, but a series of further research is required in order to check more thoroughly the relation between the examined variables. Since the effects of fatigue on individual cognitive and executive functions measured with instruments that were inflicted on the computer and the duration (cognitive tasks) do not exceed 2 minutes, in this paper points to the possibility of constructing fast and flexible software devices to measure some of the consequences of the murder

Strength testing of the relation between plate dentures and materials for making soft liners

Introduction. In clinical practice, the loss of adhesion between the denture base resin and reliner might cause the loss of material softness, water sorption, bacterial colonization and functional failure of the prosthesis. Aim. This study evaluated the effect of immersion on tensile bond strengths of four soft relining materials to a denture base acrylic resin. Material and methods. Four soft lining materials were bonded to heatpolymerized acrylic resin according to the manufacturers' directions. Forty specimens for bond strength test (10 for each liner type) were fabricated. Half of them (control group; n=5) were tested immediately after the fabrication. The other twenty specimens were stored in water at 37°C (test groups; n=5) for one week and then tested. Results. Bond strength of samples right after the fabrication is significantly higher in cases of the samples with silicone elastomer base reliner compared to the samples with soft acrylic base. Bond strength of soft reliners to a denture base resin increases after storing the samples in a water bath for one week at 37°C. Conslusion. Higher increment of tensile bond strength appeared for silicone elastomers in comparison with soft acrylic resins. There were no changes of failure mode except for GC Reline Soft application with the lowest tensile bond strength increment

Obturator or "lateral" bypass in the management of infected vascular prostheses at the groin

The infection of the previously implanted vascular graft at the groin, is associated with great mortality and morbidity rate [1]. The authors present a retrospective study in which they analyzed management of infected vascular prostheses at the groin, using obturator bypass in 26 cases, and "lateral" bypass in 15 cases. The indications for obturator bypass reconstructions included: 20 infections of aorto-femoral grafts, two infected pse udoaneurysms in the groin after RTA of the superficial femoral artery, and 4 infections of iliac-femoral grafts. The indications for lateral bypass reconstructions were: infections after aorto-femoral reconstructions - 8 cases; infection after femora-popliteal reconstructions - 4 cases; infection after iliac-femoral reconstruction - 2 patients, and one infected pseudoaneurysm in the groin after RTA of the superficial femoral artery. In 3 subjects obturator bypass was performed using extraperitoneal approach while in other 23 patients transperitoneal approach was done by donor's artery. The obturator bypass was performed using a PTFE graft in 3 cases and Dacron graft in 23. The donor's artery used for obturator bypass was a noninfected proximal part of aortofemoral graft in 20 cases, and iliac artery in 6 patients. The superfical femoral artery was recipient artery for obturator bypass in 3 cases, deep femoral artery in one case, and above the knee popliteal artery in 22 cases (Figure 1). In two patients transperitoenal approach to donors artery for "lateral" bypass has been used, and in 13 cases extraperitoneal. The proximal noninfected part of aorto femoral graft was used as a donor's artery for lateral bypass in 8 patients, while common iliac artery in 7 subjects. In 5 cases recon structions were performed using PTFE grafts, in 3 using autologous saphenous vein grafts, and in 7 using Dacron grafts. The recipient artery for "lateral" bypass was deep femoral in 8 cases, superficial femoral in three patients and above the knee popliteal artery in 4 subjects. After both types of reconstruction, extirpation of infected grafts from the groin was performed (Figure 2). The control examination was performed using physical and Doppler ultrasonographic examinations, one, 3, 6, 12 months, and then every year after the operation. In cases with suspected graft infection or thrombosis, control angography was also performed. One intraoperative perforation of the urinary bladder has been done accidentally during obturator bypass reconstruction. The mean follow-up period for patients with obturator bypasses was 2.3 years, while 2.1 years for patients with "lateral" bypasses. Comparing with "lateral" bypass, obturator bypass showed statistically significant lower (p < 0.05) 30- day mortality and early graft infection rate, as well as statistically significant better early and total limb salvage rate. There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between obturator and "lateral" bypass procedures having in mind, late graft infection rate, as well as early and late graft patency (Figures 3 and 4). In cases with infected vascular prostheses in the groin, the authors recommend obturator bypass comparing with "lateral" bypass

Photo-induced properties of photocatalysts: A study on the modified structural, optical and textural properties of TiO2-ZnAl layered double hydroxide based materials

Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation technologies, based on the free-radical reaction initiated by a light irradiation of photocatalyst surface, are promising methods for water and air purification, being one of overwhelming concerns in the scientific community regarding the challenges of exponential environmental pollution increase. Mixed oxides derived from ZnAI containing layered double hydroxides (LDH) without or with doping agents (Fe, Sn and Ti) have been recently implemented as efficient and environmental-friendly materials in the photodegradation process of organic compounds in aqueous media. Considering both, the progress in the synthesis of photoactive LDH and evident drawbacks of classical methods, the study is focused on the development of an innovative, simple and cost effective synthesis method of TiO2 containing ZnAI LDH based photocatalysts with improved overall photo-catalytic and antibacterial performances in water purification processes. In order to elucidate the relationship between the functional material properties developed in TiO2 impregnation process and photo induced catalytic and antibacterial activity, comprehensive studies encompassed structural (XRD), textural (low temperature nitrogen adsorption), electronic properties (diffuse reflectance spectroscopy) and morphology (SEM) of developed TiO2-ZnAl LDH based materials, as well as the XPS study of the most active photocatalysts, in correlation to photo-induced catalytic activity (Methylene Blue degradation) and antibacterial activity (Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus as indicator strains). The results confirmed that innovative impregnation method using base solution enables favorable interactions among active phases promoting the synergetic effect and complex interactions between the TiO2 (3 mas%) and ZnAl mixed oxides, enhancing photocatalytic activity to the level almost equal to TiO2, simultaneously improving the overall antibacterial performance

Saphenous vein graft true aneurysms: Report of nine cases and review of the literature

INTRODUCTION The true aneurysm formation of the autogenous saphenous vein graft (ASVG) is a very rare complication after bypass surgery [1 -5]. In 1969 Pillet [1] first described a true fusiform aneurysm formation of the ASVG which had been used as a replacement of the iwured superficial femoral artery in 26-year-old male patient. We present nine cases. CASE!. A 71-year-old man with previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level, was admitted with an asymptomatic pulsating swelling of the medial portion on the thigh. Five years ago the bellow knee F-P bypass with ASVG due to occlusive disease has been performed. The transfemoral angiography (Figure 1) showed patent graft with fusiform true aneurysm formation at its mid portion. This aneurysm has been replaced with PTFE graft. The pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the aneurysm. This patient died four years after operation due to myocardial infarction with patent graft. CASE 2. A 57-year-old female with previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level, had an elective resection and replacement of the superficial femoral artery aneurysm. For the reconstruction an ASVG was used. The saphenous vein showed postflebitic changes. Four years later she was admitted with asymptomatic pulsating mass of the mid portion of the thigh. The control transfemoral angiography showed patent graft with fusiform aneurysm formation of its mid portion. After aneurismal resection, an above knee F-P bypass with 8 mm PTFE graft was performed. A pathohistological examination showed a partially degenerated elastic membrane with fragmentation and disruption, without atherosclerosis (Figure 2). During the follow up period an elective resection of the subclavian artery aneurysm as well as abdominal aortic aneurysm, were performed. CASE3. A subclavian artery aneurysm caused by TOS has been repaired with sapehnous vein graft at 40-year-old female patient with regular arterial tension and normal serum lipid level. The pathohistologycal examination showed an intimai fibroelastosis associated with intimai and medial connective tissue proliferation of the aneurysm. The atherosclerotic changes were absent. Four years later this patient has been admitted urgently with ischemia of the left hand, absent distala arterial pulses and with asymptomatic pulsating mass over the supradavicular area. The Duplex ultrasonography and angiography, showed aneurysm of the ASVG, associated with occlusion (embolism) of the brachial artery (Figure 3). This aneurysm has been replaced with 6 mm PTFE graft Transbrachial thrombembolectomy has been performed too. The pathohistological examination showed a non atherosclerotic origin of the ASVG aneurysm (Figure 4). Three years after secondary operation the PTFE graft is patent. Echocardiography of the same patient showed mitral valve prolaps, probably caused by connective tissue disorder. CASE 4. A 56-year-old female patient was admitted urgently, due to hemorrhagic shock and giant pulsating swelling over the popliteal space. The Duplex ultrasonography and transfemoral angiography showed ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm. This patient had arterial hypertension and higher lipid level. During the urgent operation using dorsal approach, an aneurysm has been replaced with ASVG. A pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the aneurysm. Ten days postoperatively due to bleeding from the wound, a new urgent surgical procedure was performed. Intraoperatively 1 cm long graft laceration was found, while postoperative bacteriological examination showed an infection caused by Staphylococcus Aureus. The graft has been removed, and new extraanatomic, subcutaneous bypass from the superficial femoral to anterior tibial artery using ASVG was performed. Three years later this patient was admitted urgently with giant pulsating mass and skin necrosis at the knee region, associated with hemorrhagic shock. The control angiography showed a ruptured aneurysm of the ASVG (Figures 5 and 6). The aneurysm was replaced with 6mm PTFE graft. The pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the aneurysm. Two year postoperatively, the new graft is patent. CASE 5. A 65-year-old man with previous history of arterial hypertension and high serum lipid level, was admitted with pulsating swelling and skin necrosis at the portion on the thigh. Nine years ago the bellow knee F-P bypass with cephalic vein due to occlusive disease has been performed. Transfemoral angiography showed patent graft associated with ruptured fusiform aneurysm at its mid portion. This aneurysm has been replaced with 6mm tubular PTFE graft. The postoperative patohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic changes at the resected aneurysm. This patient was followed two years, and graft is patent., CASE 6. A 62-year-old male patient was admitted urgently, with giant pulsating swelling over the popliteal space and hemorrhagic shock. The Duplex ultrasonography and angiography showed ruptured popliteal artery aneurysm. The patients had previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level. The aneurysm has been replaced with ASVG. Pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the aneurysmal sac. Seven days postoperatively, a massive bleeding from the wound due to graft infection, occurred. New urgent operation showed complete graft abrupption at the site of proximal anastomosis, while postoperative bacteriological examination showed a presence of Staphylococcus Aureus. The graft was removed and new extraantomic, subcutaneous bypass from the superficial femoral to the anterior tibial artery with contralateral ASVG, was performed. The patient recovered very well. Five years latter this patient was admitted urgently with large painful pulsating mass in the thigh. The angiography showed and ASVG fusiform aneurysm. The aneurysm has been replaced with 6 mm PTFE graft. The pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the resected aneurysm (Figure 7). Two years after the operation, a new graft is patent. CASE 7. A 78-year-old man with previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level, has been admitted with an asymptomatic pulsating swelling of the medial portion on the thigh. Seven years ago the bellow knee F-P bypass with ASVG and exclusion of the poplietal artery aneurysm was performed. The Duplex ultrasonography and angiography showed a fusiform true aneurysm formation at the mid portion of the patent graft. The aneurysm has been replaced with femoro-anterior tibial artery bypass procedure using 6 mm PTFE graft. The pathohistological examination showed an atherosclerotic origin of the aneurysm. This patient died five days after the operation due to myocardial infarction with patent graft. CASE 8. A 65-year-old male with previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level, had an elective replacement of the popliteal artery aneurysm. For the reconstruction a PTFE graft was used. Two years postoperativelly this graft occluded due to changes on the crural arteries. From these reasons a new bypass from the superficial femoral to anterior tibial artery with saphenous vein graft, was performed. Nine years later she was admitted with painful pulsating mass of the mid portion of the thigh. The Duplex ultrasonography and transfemoral angiography showed patent graft with fusiform aneurysm formation of its mid portion. The ASVG aneurysm was replaced with 8 mm Dacron graft. A pathohistological examination showed atherosclerotic origin of the ASVG aneurysm. One year latter this graft is patent. CASE 9. A 65-year-old male with previous history of arterial hypertension and higher serum lipid level, has been admitted due to disabling claudications discomfort caused by aorto-iliac occlusive disease. Nine years earlier a right sided aorto-renal bypass with ASVG was performed due to occlusive disease and renovascular hypertension. An translumbar aortography showed occlusion of the aortic bifurcation associated with fusiform aneurysm formation of ASVG (Figures 8, 9 and 10). During the same operation an aorto-bifemoral bypass and repairing of ASVG aneurysm with Dacron grafts, were performed. A pathohistological examination showed atherosclerotic origin of the ASVG aneurysm. One year latter both grafts are patent. DISCUSSION The table 1 shows 45 true aneurysmal formation at ASVG after F-P bypass surgery in cases with occlusive diseases [1-25]. In his famous paper Szilagyi [3] reported a study of the biologic fate of ASVG in 260 patients with F-P bypass procedures, and he found 10 (3.8%) aneurysms. In 1973 De Weese [5] found 4 (1.2%) ASVG aneurysms after 350 F-P reconstructions, while in 1975 Vanttinen [6] found 1 (0.9%) such case after these procedures. In 1987 Yuanagyia [26], and in 1989 Martin [27] described cases of ASVG aneurysmal formation after subclavian artery aneurysm replacement. Yanagyia's patient had a Behcet disease. We also had one case of ASVG aneurysm after subclavian artery aneurysm repair, manifested with hand ischemia due to distal embolization. Gemperle[12]in 1986 decribed ASVG aneurysm which developed 18 years after replacement of the injured brachial artery. Carrasaquilla [28] has in 1972 described a case of ASVG aneurysm formation after replacement of the common carotid artery, while in 1998 Tekeuchi et al [29] described a case of an ASVG aneurysm after subclavian to vertebral artery bypass due to stenotic lesions of the both vertebral arteries. Four years later a giant ASVG aneurysm was found, and successfully resected. In 1990 Peer et al [30] reported two ASVG aneurysms seven and eight years after popliteal artery aneurysm replacement. In 1991 Kogel et al [31] described one such case 10 years after primary operation. In 1997 Loftus [32] described 10 new cases of the ASVG aneurysms after popliteal artery aneurysm repair. We had two such cases developed three and five years after primary operation. In three of our cases ASVG aneurysm showed an atherosclerotic origin, while in 3 non atherosclerotic. The exact mechanism of aneurysm degeneration of the ASVG in arterial position is unknown. There is likely a combination of factors including: - mechanical trauma during vein harvesting and operation [9,30]; - weakness at branching sites in the vein [2,9]; - potential weakness in the vicinity of the venous valves due to absence of the circular muscle cuff in the media of the vessel wall [5]; - infection [16]; - trauma caused by bony structures near the graft [18,30]; - arteritis [13,14,26, 27, 30]; - atherosclerosis [2,3,5-11,18,19,21,24,25]; - hemodinamic factors from the arterial pressure [23]; - transmural ischemie injury of the vein wall due to disrupting of the vasa vasorum after removing of the vein segments [28,29,33]; Brody cold this fenomen „devascularization of the venous graft" [34]; - diffuse nature of this process in patients with multiple aneurysmal changes [20,32] (our cases 2,3,4,6 and 8); - using of the cephalic [9], or superficial femoral vein [1] (case 7); - changed veins (one of our cases). The use of in situ bypass technique for arterial reconstruction would theoretically, minimize endothelial trauma by reducing operative manipulation, preserving vasa vasorum, and eliminating the pressure induced endothelial desquamation that has been associated with mechanical destination of reversed vein graft during their harvest. However, Sassoust [15] in 1986 reported 5 cases of true aneuryms of the ASVG after in situ F-P bypass. After Sassoust's new cases of ASVG aneurysm following F-P in situ bypass surgery were reported [22-24]. CONCLUSION Early ASVG aneurysm formation occurring six months after surgery has been found to be the result of preexisting unrecognized vein wall weakness or injury at the time of harvest, while aneurysm discovered 5 or more years postoperatively, were atherosclerotic in nature. The aneurysms of the ASVG are frequent, at patients with multiple aneurysms of natural arteries. The ASVG aneurysms require active surgical treatment. Then autologous vein grafts are not „material of choice" for replacement of aneurysmally changed ASVG after peripheral vascular reconstructions

Effect of irregular interproximal dental restorations on periodontal status

Introduction. Research of effects that irregular interproximal dental restoration have on supporting structures of the teeth and examination of evolution and course of changes in tissue structure is quite a poorly studied topic. Aim of this study is to examine and assess clinical and radiological changes in periodontal tissue caused by irregular interproximal dental restoration in particular group of patients with different age and sex. Methods. Irregularities which were assesed in this study are divided into two groups: a) gap (cracks) occurring between dental restorations and the gingival walls in Class II cavities, b) prominence of dental fillings out of the teeth anatomical sphere, resulting with the positive step in gum third of tooth in Class II cavities. The study was based on whether in the particular forms of irregularities of the dental restorations are differences in the degree of change in the periodontal tissue, depending on the material from which the restoration is made, and the materials used were composite fillings and amalgams. Results of this study show that irregular dental fillings significantly affect the inflammatory response in periodontal tissue. Irregularities in the form of unfilled space cause major changes in periodontal tissue. Composite fillings cause a higher degree of inflammation in relation to amalgam fillings. Conclusion. Improper tooth fillings cause periodontal tissue damages

Renovascular hypertension in children with neurofibromatosis type 1

Arterial hypertension in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF 1) is usually due to renal artery stenosis (RAS) mainly involving the proximal part of the vessel. The treatment modalities are highly individualized. In severe and/or bilateral RAS, antihypertensive drugs are either ineffective or have the potential risk for acute renal failure, while percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has limited success due to the ostial localization of RAS and the tough fibrotic tissue involved that is refractory to dilatation Renal autotransplantation has potential advantages when medical control and PTA/or bypass techniques failed. Here we report 5 year-old girl with NF 1 and hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome due to severe bilateral disease, occluded proximal part of the right artery and ostial stenosis (80%) of the left one. Only left kidney was identified on 99 in Tc DTP A, but the right one was visualized on the renal ultrasonography and in the late phase of arterial renography due to well developed collateral circulation. Multiple antihyper-tensive drugs (nifedipine, labetolol and minoxidil) in maximal doses and PTA failed to normalize BP while short term therapy with ACEIwith NF1 and hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome due to severe bilateral renovascular disease; occluded proximal part of the right renal artery and ostial stenosis (80%) of the left one. Only left kidney was identified on 99m Tc DTPA, but the right one was visualized on the renal ultrasonography and in the late phase of arterial renography due to well developed collateral circulation. Multiple antyphypertensive drugs (nifedipine, labetolol and minoxidil) in maximal doses and PTA failed to normalize BP while. short term therapy with ACEI, captopril induced transient acute renal failure. Autotransplantation of right kidney saved its function and improved BP control. Our current case Autotransplantation of right kidney saved its function and improved BP control. Our current case is illustrative for a difficult management of renovascular hypertension in children with NF1. This is the first and up to now the only case of autotransplantation performed in Yugoslavia

Anastomotic pseudoaneurysms

Anastomotic pseudoaneurysm is a form of false aneurysm, whose wall, does not consist of all normal layers of arterial wall. Given the rising number of reconstructive vascular procedures, the increase of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm cases is expected. Therefore, identification of causes, clinical manifestations as well as factors which affect the outcome of operative treatment of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms is of great practical value. This retrospectively-prospective study included 87 surgically treated cases of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms in the period from 1991 to 2002. The most often localization of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms. was the inguinal region (68-86.2%), In the majority of cases, they were caused by arterial degeneration in the anastomotic region - 56 cases (65.9%) and infection - 21 cases (24.7%). The most frequent manifestations of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms were bleeding due to rupture in 26 cases (29.9%) and chronic limb ischemia in 22 cases (25.3%). An acute limb ischemia was present in 17 cases (19.5%)., the symptoms caused by local compression to the surrounding structures - in 9 cases (10.3%), and in 12 cases (13.8%), the only manifestation of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm was asymptomatic pulsatile mass, In 32: cases (36.8%), surgical treatment involved the resection of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm and, graft interposition, whereas in 39 cases (44.8%), bypass procedure had to be performed after the resection. Comorbidity significantly increased mortality in the first 30 days. The use of Dacron graft in primary operation significantly improved early results of operative treatment. Absence of infection as the cause of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm is a statistically important prognostic factor of operative treatment, considering the graft patency, limb salvage, infection, need for reintervencion and mortality