Research of Influence Modification of Natural Concentrate on Quality Metal

Questions of increase of mechanical, technological and service properties of metal at minimum cost to produce it are relevant for the metallurgical enterprises. Modification of complex steel alloys containing reactive elements is one of the effective ways to improve the quality of steel. At the same time the direct costs for the use of modifiers are 0.2-0.3%, which little effect on the cost of production. The paper presents the results of the application of natural concentrates as a modifier steel. The effects on the metal quality changes due to the impact of the modification concentrates demonstrate the effectiveness of their application. As a result of modification decreased the content of nonmetallic inclusions and grain size. Reduction of impurity modified metal of was the cause more high plastic properties, especially, impact strength at ordinary and low temperatures of tests. Based on the experimental data evaluated hardening mechanisms that lead to a significant improvement of physic-mechanical properties of the metal workpiece after administration modifier

Digital Technologies in Youth Career Guidance Management for Professions of the Agricultural and Industrial Complex of the Sverdlovsk Region

The research is aimed at finding ways to effectively integrate traditional career guidance approaches and the capabilities of digital platforms working in the field of youth policy management in the Sverdlovsk region. The ways of intersection of interests of universities and youth policy management bodies in the emerging unified Internet space are outlined. The analysis of digital transformation process in the field of career guidance is carried out. The possibilities of the main federal information platforms in the field of youth work and their effectiveness in terms of indicators are presented: the number of events, the coverage of participants and, what is important for us- the project activities of young people with a career-oriented component. The article provides examples of social projects that already have a digital footprint and a sufficiently large involvement of schoolchildren and students of the Sverdlovsk region. The educational component containing elements of career guidance, which can be further strengthened, is of particular interest. The ways of creating a territorial multilevel digital model of youth career guidance of the Sverdlovsk region are outlined. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.A major social project involving schoolchildren was carried out by the Ural SAU in partnership with the Sverdlovsk regional branch of the All-Russian Public Youth Organization "All-Russian Student Rescue Corps", with the support of the Autonomous Non-profit Organization "Resource Center for the Support of Volunteering in the Field of Safety Culture and Disaster Response Sverdlovsk region", and the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in the Sverdlovsk region. The form of career guidance work through the joint participation of schoolchildren and students in such projects shows the social significance of joint actions, creates a community of like-minded people and helps to attract schoolchildren to the university

Characterization of a novel dioxomolybdenum complex by cyclic voltammetry

Metalloenzymes that carry a pterin-based molybdenum cofactor in their center catalyze numerous reactions in the human body and play a crucial role in its metabolism. Specifically, these enzymes promote redox reactions and oxygen transport in the body. Their absence may cause many problems leading to disability or even death in early childhood. Therefore, model compounds need to be synthesized and analyzed to investigate the reactivity, redox potential, and geometry of these cofactors. This study focused on electrode processes and determined the redox potentials of the new bis-(4-mercapto-5-(p-tolyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione)-dioxomolybdenum complex by cyclic voltammetry. The 4-mercapto-5-(p-tolyl)-3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione ligand underwent irreversible oxidation and reduction at thiol and thione functional groups. The new dioxomolybdenum complex showed a quasi-reversible two-stage electrode process

Current achievements in modifying crop genes using CRISPR/Cas system

With the advent of the new genome editing tool of target-specifically customizable endonucleases, a huge variety of novel opportunities have become feasible. The crop improvement is one of the main applications of genome editing in plant science and plant biotechnology. The amount of publications referring to genome editing and CRISPR/Cas system based molecular tools application in crops is permanently growing. The aim of this study is the systematization and cataloging of these data. Earlier we published the first catalog of targeted crop genome modifications as of February 10, 2017. The current review is an update of the catalog; it covers research papers on crop genome modifications from February 10, 2017 to August 17, 2018, found by searching 47 crop names in the Scopus database. Over one year and a half, 377 articles mentioning CRISPR/Cas and crop names have been published, of which 131 articles describe an experimental application of this tool for editing 193 genes in 19 crops, including rice with the largest number of genes modified (109 genes). Editing 50 of 193 genes was aimed at crop improvement. The catalog presented here includes these 50 genes, specifying the cultivars, each gene and gene product function, modification type and delivery method used. The current full list of genes modified with CRISPR/Cas with the aim of crop improvement is 81 in 16 crops (for 5 years from August 2013 to August 2018). In this paper, we also summarize data on different modifications types in different crops and provide a brief review of some novel methods and approaches that have appeared in crop genome editing research over the reviewed period. Taken together, these data provide a clear view on current progress in crop genome modifications and traits improvement using CRISPR/Cas based genome editing technology

ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ПРОЦЕССА ЭЛЕКТРОВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ КИСЛОРОДА В ПРИСУТСТВИИ ПРИРОДНЫХ АНТИОКСИДАНТОВ

The effect of individual antioxidants on physico-chemical parameters of ORR was studied under conditions of liner semi-infinite diffusion. Rate constants for coupled homogeneous reduction of active oxygen by the range to flavonoids were calculated under the optimal linear sweep rate.Possibility of determination of the parameters of reduction of active oxygen process (chemical and electrochemical rate constant, reversibility of process) in addition of individual antioxidants was showed by the computer simulation. Identification of substances with antioxidant properties was illustrated by changing of reduction current of active oxygen.Keywords: oxygen reduction reaction, ORR, antioxidant, flavonoids, rate constant, voltammetry(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.4.007A.N. Vtorushina, E.I. Korotkova, S.G. Kataev* Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russian Federation*Tomsk State Pedagogical University, Tomsk, Russian FederationРассмотрены физико-химические закономерности процесса электровосстановления кислорода (ЭВ О2) в присутствии индивидуальных антиоксидантов в условиях линейной полубесконечной диффузии, определены константы скорости взаимодействия антиоксидантов с активными формами кислорода и некоторые другие параметры процесса для ряда флавоноидов при оптимальной скорости развертки потенциала. Показана возможность определения некоторых параметров процесса ЭВ О2 (констант скорости химической и электрохимической реакции, обратимости процесса) в присутствии индивидуальных антиоксидантов с помощью методов компьютерного моделирования, а также возможность идентификации веществ, обладающих антиоксидантными свойствами, по изменению тока ЭВ О2 в присутствии исследуемых образцов.Ключевые слова: электровосстановление кислорода, антиоксиданты, вольтамперометрияDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2013.17.4.00

ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ КОФЕИНА В НАПИТКАХ МЕТОДОМ ВОЛЬТАМПМЕРОМЕТРИИ НА УГЛЕРОДСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ЭЛЕКТРОДАХ, МОДИФИЦИРОВАННЫХ АРИЛДИАЗОНИЕВЫМИ СОЛЯМИ

The method of carbon containing electrode (CCE) modification with tosylated arendiazonium salts (ADT) was proposed for the voltammetric (VA) determination of caffeine in beverages. The comparison of chemical spontaneous and electrochemical modification approaches was carried out for ADT modified CCE for VA caffeine determination for the first time. A new class of ADT is characterized by high solubility and stability for one month that plays significant role in the process of electrode surface modification. Salts with nitro and carboxy substituents were tested. The optimal conditions for the spontaneous chemical modification of the CCE were selected: ADT modifier with NO2 substituent, electrode immersion time in the modifier solution for 10 seconds, modifier concentration of 5 mg / dm3. ADT deposition on the electrode surface was confirmed by the IR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with the formation of covalent bonds between the carbon atoms of electrode surface and the benzene rings of the modifier. It was shown that the electroactive surface area increases by two times after the modification. Consequently, the technique sensitivity increasing the detection limit of 51 mg / dm3 and linear range extension from 154 up to 500 mg / dm3 was observed. While applying the modified electrode, the analysis time was reduced to 15 minutes. Furthermore, the suitability of CCE modified with NO2 substituent was tested for the analytical purposes. As a result, the caffeine was determined in some tonic and carbonated drinks. The comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method with ADT modified CCE and the level declared by the manufacturer was carried out. The high compliance was established. In addition, the obtained data was consistent with the results by the independent spectrophotometric method.Keywords: caffeine, diazonium aromatic salts, modifier, carbon-containing electrode, voltammetry, spontaneous modification, SEM, IR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry  DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.1.007E.V. Dorozhko, A.O. Gusar, E.A. Bedareva, G.B. Slepchenko, M.E. Trusova, E.I. Korotkova National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University,Lenina prosp., 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russian FederationПредложен способ модификации углеродсодержащих электродов (УСЭ) тозилатными солями арендиазония (АДТ) с нитро- и карбоксизаместителями для вольтамперометрического (ВА) определения кофеина в напитках. Впервые проведено сравнение спонтанного химического и электрохимического способов модификации УСЭ АДТ для ВА определения кофеина. Новый класс АДТ обладает хорошей растворимостью, стабильностью в течение одного месяца, что играет немаловажную роль в процессе модификации поверхностей электродов. Подобраны оптимальные условия спонтанной химической модификации УСЭ: модификатор АДТ с NO2-заместителем, время погружения электрода в раствор модификатора − 10 с, концентрация модификатора − 5 мг/дм3. Методами инфракрасной спектроскопии (ИК-спектроскопии) и сканирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ) подтверждено закрепление АДТ на поверхности УСЭ с образованием ковалентных связей между атомами углерода электродной поверхности и бензольными кольцами модификатора. Показано, что после модификации площадь электроактивной поверхности увеличивается в два раза. В результате этого наблюдается возрастание чувствительности определения кофеина с пределом обнаружения 51 мг/дм3 и расширение диапазона определяемых концентраций: 154-500 мг/дм3. При использовании модифицированного электрода время анализа сократилось до 15 минут. Кроме этого, наблюдалась стабильность поверхности электрода без обновления в течение недели. При апробации пригодности для аналитических целей УСЭ, модифицированного АДТ с NO2-заместителем, проведено определение кофеина в некоторых тонизирующих и газированных напитках. Полученные значения содержания кофеина в напитках разработанным методом с использованием УСЭ, модифицированного спонтанным химическим способом АДТ с NO2-заместителем, наглядно демонстрируют соответствие значениям, заявленным производителем, а также согласуются с результатами независимого спектрофотометрического метода. Ключевые слова: кофеин, ароматические соли диазония, модификатор, углеродсодержащий электрод, вольтамперометрия, спонтанная модификация, СЭМ, ИК-спектроскопия, циклическая вольтамперометрияDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2020.24.1.00