6,697 research outputs found
Directional photoelectric current across the bilayer graphene junction
A directional photon-assisted resonant chiral tunneling through a bilayer
graphene barrier is considered. An external electromagnetic field applied to
the barrier switches the transparency in the longitudinal direction from
its steady state value T=0 to the ideal T=1 at no energy costs. The switch
happens because the a.c. field affects the phase correlation between the
electrons and holes inside the graphene barrier changing the whole angular
dependence of the chiral tunneling (directional photoelectric effect). The
suggested phenomena can be implemented in relevant experiments and in various
sub-millimeter and far-infrared optical electronic devices.Comment: 7 pages 5 figure
Static deformation of heavy spring due to gravity and centrifugal force
The static equilibrium deformation of a heavy spring due to its own weight is
calculated for two cases. First for a spring hanging in a constant
gravitational field, then for a spring which is at rest in a rotating system
where it is stretched by the centrifugal force. Two different models are
considered. First a discrete model assuming a finite number of point masses
connected by springs of negligible weight. Then the continuum limit of this
model. In the second case the differential equation for the deformation is
obtained by demanding that the potential energy is minimized. In this way a
simple application of the variational calculus is obtained.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Bichiral structure of feroelectric domain wall driven by flexoelectricity
The influence of flexoelectric coupling on the internal structure of neutral
domain walls in tetragonal phase of perovskite ferroelectrics is studied. The
effect is shown to lower the symmetry of 180-degree walls which are oblique
with respect to the cubic crystallographic axes, while {100} and {110} walls
stay "untouched". Being of the Ising type in the absence of the flexoelectric
interaction, the oblique domain walls acquire a new polarization component with
a structure qualitatively different from the classical Bloch-wall structure. In
contrast to the Bloch-type walls, where the polarization vector draws a helix
on passing from one domain to the other, in the flexoeffect-affected wall, the
polarization rotates in opposite directions on the two sides of the wall and
passes through zero in its center. Since the resulting polarization profile is
invariant upon inversion with respect to the wall center it does not brake the
wall symmetry in contrast to the classical Bloch-type walls. The flexoelectric
coupling lower the domain wall energy and gives rise to its additional
anisotropy that is comparable to that conditioned by the elastic anisotropy.
The atomic orderof- magnitude estimates shows that the new polarization
component P2 may be comparable with spontaneous polarization Ps, thus
suggesting that, in general, the flexoelectric coupling should be mandatory
included in domain wall simulations in ferroelectrics. Calculations performed
for barium titanate yields the maximal value of the P2, which is much smaller
than that of the spontaneous polarization. This smallness is attributed to an
anomalously small value of a component of the "strain-polarization"
elecrostictive tensor in this material
Nonlinear dynamics of two coupled nano-electromechanical resonators
As a model of coupled nano-electromechanical resonantors we study two
nonlinear driven oscillators with an arbitrary coupling strength between them.
Analytical expressions are derived for the oscillation amplitudes as a function
of the driving frequency and for the energy transfer rate between the two
oscillators. The nonlinear restoring forces induce the expected nonlinear
resonance structures in the amplitude-frequency characteristics with asymmetric
resonance peaks. The corresponding multistable behavior is shown to be an
efficient tool to control the energy transfer arising from the sensitive
response to small changes in the driving frequency. Our results imply that the
nonlinear response can be exploited to design precise sensors for mass or force
detection experiments based on nano-electromechanical resonators.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figure
Cyclotron effect on coherent spin precession of two-dimensional electrons
We investigate the spin dynamics of high-mobility two-dimensional electrons
in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells grown along the and directions by
time-resolved Faraday rotation at low temperatures. In measurements on the
-grown structures without external magnetic fields, we observe coherent
oscillations of the electron spin polarization about the effective spin-orbit
field. In non-quantizing magnetic fields applied normal to the sample plane,
the cyclotron motion of the electrons rotates the effective spin-orbit field.
This rotation leads to fast oscillations in the spin polarization about a
non-zero value and a strong increase in the spin dephasing time in our
experiments. These two effects are absent in the -grown structure due to
the different symmetry of its effective spin-orbit field. The measurements are
in excellent agreement with our theoretical model.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
The Gaia-ESO Survey: the selection function of the Milky Way field stars
The Gaia-ESO Survey was designed to target all major Galactic components
(i.e., bulge, thin and thick discs, halo and clusters), with the goal of
constraining the chemical and dynamical evolution of the Milky Way. This paper
presents the methodology and considerations that drive the selection of the
targeted, allocated and successfully observed Milky Way field stars. The
detailed understanding of the survey construction, specifically the influence
of target selection criteria on observed Milky Way field stars is required in
order to analyse and interpret the survey data correctly. We present the target
selection process for the Milky Way field stars observed with VLT/FLAMES and
provide the weights that characterise the survey target selection. The weights
can be used to account for the selection effects in the Gaia-ESO Survey data
for scientific studies. We provide a couple of simple examples to highlight the
necessity of including such information in studies of the stellar populations
in the Milky Way.Comment: 18 pages, 19 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS (April 25,
2016
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