Application of elemental analysis for identification of wine origin. A review

Analysis of trace elements and ratios of stable isotopes have been shown to be a valuable tool to discriminate wines according to their region of origin. Several factors, such as environmental contamination, agricultural practices, climatic changes, and vinification processes may change markedly the multielement composition of the wine and may endanger the relationship between wine and soil composition. This article brings some information about environmental and technological aspects of wine geographical authentication and gives a review about using trace elements, isotope ratios analysis, multivariate statistical methods and some joint techniques for these purposes