The Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in Labour with Unknown Status and those with Negative status early in the Index Pregnancy in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria.

Rapid HIV test in labour provide an opportunity for the identification of HIV positive pregnant women who should benefit from interventions to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. Between November 2013 and June 2014 we conducted rapid HIV testing of pregnant women in labour at the National Hospital Abuja to determine the HIV seroconversion rate in pregnancy and the prevalence of HIV in pregnant women in labour with previously unknown status. HIV testing and counseling (HTC) was acceptable to 224 (99.6%) of the pregnant women who met the study criteria. The mean 'turnaround' time for test result was 288 minutes and 16.2 minutes for tests performed in the hospital laboratory and those performed at the point‐of‐care (labour ward) respectively. HIV seroconversion was detected in 2(1.2%) of the 165 parturients with initial HIV negative result early in the index pregnancy. HIV infection was detected in four (2.7%) of the 59 parturients with unknown HIV status. Secondary school level education was significantly associated with HIV seroconversion in pregnancy P<0.001. HTC in labour using rapid testing strategy is feasible and acceptable in our setting. The introduction of HCT will lead to the diagnosis of HIV positive women in labour, appropriate interventions and prevention of MTCT of HIV. (Afr J Reprod Health 2015; 19[3]: 137-143). Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, mother‐to‐child transmission, rapid HIV testing, prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, seroconversion, HIV prevalence Les analyses rapides pour détecter le VIH pendant le travail fournit une opportunité pour l'identification des femmes enceintes séropositives qui devraient bénéficier des interventions visant à réduire le risque de transmission du VIH de la mère à l'enfant (TME). Entre novembre 2013 et juin 2014, nous avons mené un dépistage rapide du VIH auprès des femmes enceintes en travail à l'Hôpital National d'Abuja pour déterminer le taux de séroconversion du VIH pendant la grossesse et la prévalence du VIH chez les femmes enceintes dans le travail avec l’état de santé jusque-là inconnue. Le Dépistage et les Conseils à propos du VIH (DCV) étaient acceptables à 224 femmes enceintes (99,6%) qui répondaient aux critères de l'étude. Le temps moyen de «redressement» pour le résultat de l’analyse était de 288 minutes et 16,2 minutes pour les analyses effectuées dans le laboratoire de l'hôpital et celles effectuées au point des soins (salle d’accouchement) respectivement. La séroconversion du VIH a été détectée chez 2 (1,2%) des 165 parturientes initiales qui avaient des résultats négatifs du VIH au début de la grossesse index. Infection par le VIH a été détectée dans quatre (2,7%) des 59 parturientes dont l’état d santé par rapport au VIH était inconnu. La scolarité de niveau secondaire était significativement associée à la séroconversion du VIH pendant la grossesse P <0,001. Le DCV pendant le travail en utilisant la stratégie de dépistage rapide est possible et acceptable dans notre milieu. L'introduction du DCV mènera au diagnostic des femmes séropositives dans le travail, aux interventions appropriées et à la prévention de la TME du VIH. ((Afr J Reprod Health 2015; 19[3]: 137-143). Mots-clés: Virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, transmission de la mère à l’enfant, dépistage rapide du VIH, prévention de la transmission de la mère à l'enfant, séroconversion, prévalence du VIH

Review of medically indicated preterm births due to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at a Tertiary Hospital in Abuja: Maternal characteristics and neonatal outcome

No Abstract

The presence of microorganisms in follicular fluid and its effect on the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment cycles.

ObjectivesTo determine if the presence of microorganisms in follicular fluid of women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) adversely affects the outcome of the treatment cycles.MethodsFollicular fluid was collected from 86 women enrolled for IVF-ET at the National Hospital, Abuja from June 1, 2018 to December 1, 2018. Microscopy imaging and cultures were performed to identify bacteria and fungi in the follicular fluid and the vagina. Women with follicular fluid microorganisms were the test group while the controls were those without follicular fluid microorganisms. Fertilization and pregnancy rates were subsequently determined and their association with the presence of follicular fluid microorganisms was assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling.ResultsThe mean age and mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants were 35(± 3.5) years and 28(± 4.9) kg/m2 respectively. Bacteria and fungi were isolated in 17% of the follicular fluid samples collected (n = 15/86). Most common isolates were Streptococcus spp. (n = 4/15), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 7/15), Enterococcus spp. (n = 4/15), Lactobacillus species (n = 2/15) and Candida albicans (n = 2/15). There was no statistically significant difference in the fertilization rates (adjusted odds ratio [AdjOR] 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-7.34; P = 0.10) and pregnancy rates (AdjOR 4.02, 95% CI 0.56-28.92; P = 0.19) between the group of women with positive follicular fluid bacterial /fungal colonization as compared against those with negative follicular fluid colonization.ConclusionIsolation of microorganisms from follicular fluid did not adversely affect fertilization and pregnancy rates following IVF-ET treatment cycles at the fertility centre of National Hospital, Abuja