Study of the Qualitative Characteristics of Rapeseed Oil Obtained by Cold Pressing

Oil from spring rape seeds obtained by cold pressing was selected as the object of this study. Oil samples were obtained under the following technological conditions: the annular gap was 0.7 mm in a grain chamber and the screw rotation speed was 160 rpm at a pressing temperature of 315 K. The oil composition was studied by gas-liquid chromatography on the Chromotech 5000 apparatus. Rapeseed oil characteristics were obtained with chromatograms. An increased content of linoleic acid 20% (ω6) and linolenic acid 12% (ω3) was revealed in the fatty acid composition of the sample. Fatty acids contribute to lipid metabolism regulation. They are of primary importance in the diet. The presence of 58.6% oleic acid (ω9) was identified. The resulting rapeseed oil had healing properties due to the presence of ω3, ω6 and ω9. Vitamin B, vitamin K, traces of vitamin A, and α, β + γ, δ-tocopherols were found. α, β + γ-tocopherols contribute to the oxidation process. According to these results, rapeseed oil can be confidently recommended for introduction into various food recipes. Keywords: rapeseed oil, vitamins, fatty acid compositio

Genetic screening of an endemic mutation in the DYSF gene in an isolated, mountainous population in the Republic of Dagestan

Abstract Background Dysferlinopathy has a high prevalence in relatively isolated ethnic groups where consanguineous marriages are characteristic and/or the founder effect exists. However, the frequency of endemic mutations in most isolates has not been investigated. Methods The prevalence of the pathological DYSF gene variant (NM_003494.4); c.200_201delinsAT, p. Val67Asp (rs121908957) was investigated in an isolated Avar population in the Republic of Dagestan. Genetic screenings were conducted in a remote mountainous region characterized by a high level of consanguinity among its inhabitants. In total, 746 individuals were included in the screenings. Results This pathological DYSF gene variant causes two primary phenotypes of dysferlinopathy: limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) type R2 and Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 1. Results indicated a high prevalence of the allele at 14% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12–17; 138 out of 1518 alleles), while the allele in the homozygous state was detected in 29 cases—3.8% (CI: 2.6–5.4). The population load for dysferlinopathy was 832.3 ± 153.9 per 100,000 with an average prevalence of limb‐girdle muscular dystrophies ranging from 0.38 ± 0.38 to 5.93 ± 1.44 per 100,000. Conclusion A significant burden of the allele was due to inbreeding, as evidenced by a deficiency of heterozygotes and the Wright fixation index equal to 0.14 (CI 0.06–0.23)