Virioplankton as an important component of plankton in the Volga Reservoirs

The distribution of virioplankton, abundance and production, frequency of visibly infected cells of heterotrophic bacteria and autotrophic picocyanobacteria and their virus-induced mortality have been studied in mesotrophic and eutrophic reservoirs of the Upper and Middle Volga (Ivankovo, Uglich, Rybinsk, Gorky, Cheboksary, and Sheksna reservoirs). The abundance of planktonic viruses (VA) is on average by 4.6 ± 1.2 times greater than the abundance of bacterioplankton (BA). The distribution of VA in the Volga reservoirs was largely determined by the distribution of BA and heterotrophic bacterioplankton production (PB). There was a positive correlation between VA and BA and between VA and PB. In addition, BA and VA were both positively correlated with primary production of phytoplankton. Viral particles of 60 to 100 µm in size dominated in the phytoplankton composition. A large number of bacteria and picocyanobacteria with viruses attached to the surface of their cells were found in the reservoirs. Viruses as the most numerous component of plankton make a significant contribution to the formation of the planktonic microbial community biomass. The number of phages inside infected cells of bacteria and picocyanobacteria reached 74‒109 phages/cell. Easily digestible organic matter, which entered the aquatic environment as a result of viral lysis of bacteria and picocyanobacteria, could be an additional source of carbon for living bacteria. The results of long-term studies indicate a significant role of viruses in functioning of planktonic microbial communities in the Volga reservoirs

A Lithium Experiment in the Program of Solar Neutrino Research

The experiments sensitive to pp-neutrinos from the Sun are very perspective for the precise measurement of a mixing angle $\theta_{12}$. A $\nu$e$^{-}$ scattering experiment (Xmass) and/or a charged-current experiment (the indium detector) can measure the flux of electron pp-neutrinos. One can find the total flux of pp-neutrinos from a luminosity constraint after the contribution of $^7$Be and CNO neutrinos to the total luminosity of the Sun are measured. The radiochemical experiment utilizing a lithium target has the high sensitivity to the CNO neutrinos, thus, it has a good promise for the precise measurement of a mixing angle and for the test of a current theory of the evolution of the stars.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, A report made by A.Kopylov at International Conference NANP-2005, June 2005, Dubna, Russi

The possibility of increasing cadets’ physical fitness level of the educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia with the help of optimal training effects via crossfit

Actually, the studies indicate a negative decline dynamics of the main indicators of the physical development and health of the modern young people receiving higher education. In our studies, it was found that the existing physical training programs are not able to provide the optimal level of functional readiness of the military students and officers of the military universities as needed to perform the professional task

Gaseous Detector with Sub-keV Threshold to Study Neutrino Scattering at Low Recoil Energies

Gaseous detector with a sub keV electron equivalent threshold is a very perspective tool for the precision measurement of the neutrino magnetic moment and to observe coherent scattering of neutrinos on nuclei. The progress in the development of low noise electronics makes it possible to register the rare events at the threshold less than 100 eV. The construction of the gaseous detector is given and the typical pulses with amplitudes of a few eV observed on a bench scale installation are presented. The possible implications for future experiments are discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl

THE INFLUENCE OF SAPROTROPHIC MOLD CHAETOMIUM COCHLIODES ON MYCOCENOSIS IN BUCKWHEAT ROOT ZONE

The quantitative and qualitative mold composition in buckwheat root zone on leached sluggish light-sagged chernozem soil on loess was investigated and the influence of mold-antagonist Chaetomium cochliodes 3250 Palliser on mycocenosis of buckwheat root zone had been explored. There were 14 genus representatives isolated from the aisle of the culture and 8 genus representatives isolated from rhizosphere. From the root surface there were isolated Rhizopus Ehrenb. (1,9%), Trichoderma Pers (33,6%) and Penicillium Link (43,9%). The usage of C. cochliodes 3250 for buckwheat seeds presowing treatment led to a significant decrease of molds Fusarium Link, Bipolaris Shoemaker, Alternaria Nees, Aspergillus Tiegh., Cladosporium Corda which are able to provoke the symptoms of root diseases of buckwhea

Investigations of parameters of image quality for adaptive optical systems of BSVT

The criteria image qualities based on wave front aberration caused by atmospheric turbulence using in adaptive optics are summarized. Atmospheric turbulence profile for Big Solar Vacuum Telescope (BSVT) observatory is obtained based on satellite date. On this based the development of adaptive optics systems of BSVT are discussed

Lithium Experiment on Solar Neutrinos to Weight the CNO Cycle

The measurement of the flux of beryllium neutrinos with the accuracy of about 10% and CNO neutrinos with the accuracy 30% will enable to find the flux of pp-neutrinos in the source with the accuracy better than 1% using the luminosity constraint. The future experiments on \nu e- scattering will enable to measure with very good accuracy the flux of beryllium and pp-neutrinos on the Earth. The ratio of the flux of pp-neutrinos on the Earth and in the source will enable to find with very good accuracy a mixing angle theta solar. Lithium detector has high sensitivity to CNO neutrinos and can find the contribution of CNO cycle to the energy generated in the Sun. This will be a stringent test of the theory of stellar evolution and combined with other experiments will provide a precise determination of the flux of pp-neutrinos in the source and a mixing angle theta solar. The work on the development of the technology of lithium experiment is now in progress.Comment: Minor corrections, one reference added, 11 pages, 2 figures, talk given at NANP 2003, Dubna, Russia, June 200