Parameter Conditions for Global Stability of FAST TCP

In this letter, we study the global asymptotic stability of FAST TCP in the presence of network feedback delays. Based on a continuous-time dynamic model of FAST TCP and a static approximation of queuing delay at the link, we derive stability conditions for FAST TCP. The derived conditions are explicitly appeared as tuning parameter conditions of FAST TCP, and hence can be satisfied in a distributed way. The simulation results illustrate the validity of the conditions for the global asymptotic stability

Logistics Decision Model for Environmental Aspect using the Analytic Network Process

Green supply chain management has appeared as an essential strategy for enhancing environmental performance ofprocesses, structures, and products accordingly to address regulatory and competitive forces. Korean firms lag in greenlogistics activities relative to ‘green’ leading companies in advanced countries. Thus, few papers have identified andinvestigated green supply chain systems within South Korea. To further understand how some Korean firms may wish tofurther develop green logistics and supply chain practices, this paper explores a decision making framework of GreenLogistics by using ANP (analytic network process). We derived 5 clusters and 21 components forming the strategic greenlogistics, and then conducted surveys for pairwise comparison of experts on Green Logistics in Korean firms, and computedrelative weights of the clusters. Our findings indicate that Green Logistics would be very helpful for managers to adjust theirstrategic decisions for green supply chain management. The technique proposed in this paper may be generalized to othercountries with the framework developed not unique to just Korean industry

Global Stability of FAST TCP in Single-Link Single-Source Network

We consider a single-link single-source network with FAST TCP source, and propose a static approximation of queuing delay dynamics at the link. The static approximation turns out to be a form with network feedback delay, which enables to analyze FAST TCP reflecting the effect of network feedback delay. Based on a continuous-time dynamic model of FAST TCP, we achieve the boundedness of window size and a sufficient condition for global asymptotic stability. The simulation results illustrate the validity of the sufficient condition for global asymptotic stability

Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment

Background: In golf, a player hits a ball with a club, aiming to transfer the ball successively into a series of hole cups in a course consisting of 18 (or fewer) holes. This study aimed to compare the impact of visual function and the presence and number of aiming lines on golf putting alignment between beginner and expert golfers. Methods: In this prospective comparative study, 43 participants with a mean ± standard deviation (SD) of corrected distance binocular visual acuity of –0.07 ± 0.74 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, who knew their average golf scores, were divided into beginner and expert golfers. Six visual function tests were conducted to assess heterotropia, dominant eye, verification of current spectacles, static visual acuity, stereopsis, and fixation disparity. At the putting distances of 1.5 m and 3 m, alignment errors were measured five times each, using golf balls with 1 and 3 aiming line(s) and putters with 1 and 3 aiming line(s). Results: The mean ± SD of age was 48.33 ± 10.07 years for study participants overall. The accuracy of ball alignment was not affected by the career or number of aiming lines, but the putter alignment was higher for the 3-lines putter than for the 1-line putter (P < 0.05). When the number and shape of the aiming line were the same for both the ball and putter, the aiming accuracy was found to be higher. In both stereopsis and fixation disparity, the combination of putting distance and a 3-lines ball showed negative values; all other combinations showed positive values, but no statistically significant correlation was detected (all P > 0.05). Conclusions: The accuracy of golf ball alignment did not depend on the number of aiming lines and the golfer’s career. However, the predicted putting success rate and subjective satisfaction were increased when three-line golf balls and putters were used, as compared to when one-line golf balls and putters were used. How to cite this article: Kim YJ, Jin YG, Koo BY, Jang JU, Mah KC. Effects of aiming lines and visual function on the golf putting alignment. Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Optom.2021 Spring; 2(1): 41-49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51329/mehdioptometry12

Global Exponential Stability of FAST TCP

We consider a single-link multi-source network with the FAST TCP sources. We propose a continuous-time dynamic model for the FAST TCP sources and a static model to describe the queuing delay behavior at the link. The proposed model turns out to be in a form revealing the network feedback delay, which allows us to analyze FAST TCP in due consideration of the network feedback delay. Based on the proposed model, we show the boundedness of both each source's congestion window and the queuing delay at the link; and the global exponential stability under a trivial condition that each source's congestion control parameter a is positive. The simulation results illustrate the validity of the proposed model and the global exponential stability of FAST TCP

A randomized, open-label study comparing low-dose clevudine plus adefovir combination therapy with clevudine monotherapy in naïve chronic hepatitis B patients

PURPOSE: Clevudine 30 mg showed potent antiviral activity with a marked post-treatment antiviral effect. However, long-term treatment with clevudine monotherapy induced resistance and myopathy in some cases. The objective of this study is to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of the combination of clevudine 20 mg and adefovir compared to clevudine monotherapy. METHODS: Seventy-four patients were randomized to either a combination of clevudine 20 mg and adefovir or clevudine 20 or 30 mg and were treated for 2 years. The viral kinetics for 24 weeks, virological response [VR; hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA less than 300 copies/ml], and the biochemical response [BR; normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT)] were assessed. RESULTS: There was no difference in baseline characteristics among the three groups. Viral kinetics study showed no statistically significant difference among them during 24 weeks. The combination group showed 95 % virological response with a statistically significant difference compared to the clevudine 30 mg (67 %) and 20 mg (71 %) groups (p = 0.0376). Biochemical response rates were similar in all groups (78–94 %). No resistance was reported in the combination group, while 20 % of patients treated with clevudine 30 mg or 20 mg reported resistance during 2 years. Muscle-related symptoms such as myalgia (1 in clevudine 30 mg, 1 in the combination group) and muscle weakness (1 in clevudine 30 mg, 2 in clevudine 20 mg) were reported in five patients (7 %); of these, three patients discontinued the study. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the combination of clevudine 20 mg and adefovir produced a potent antiviral response together with a good resistance profile compared to clevudine monotherapy at 96 weeks in this pilot study

Analysis of Problems in Cut Slope Survey and Design Based on Case Studies

In construction of roads or large residential complexes, the formation of large scale cut slopes is inevitable due to the large proportion of mountains in Korea. The problems involving the slope stability has emerged as a major concern. Inaccurate subsurface exploration can result in slope failure during or after the construction, thereby increasing the construction cost and delaying the construction duration. This study reviews problems involving the cut slope survey methods, design criteria, and examining the collapse mechanisms through various case studies. This study suggests the optimum survey methods and design criteria based on the possible failure mechanisms

Favored serum albumin level and ICF volume after use of 1.1% aminoacid based peritoneal dialysis(PD) solution

Aminoacid based PD solution (AAD) has been shown to induce positive nitrogen balance and improve nutritional markers of malnourished patients. But its effcets on body fluid composition and various nutritional markers are contradictory. Nutritional markers may influenced by patient's ECF volume status. So we evaluate effects of AAD on nutritional markers and body composition by analysis using multi-frequency bioimpedance analyzer. 35 PD patients(>6months duration of CAPD) were prospectively randomized to 17 AAD(Nutrineal, one time use/day) and 18 GD group(keep their glucose based PD solution). After 3 months follow up, AAD group showed marginally increased body weight and fat mass, decreased ECF volume(12.45±0.54Lvs 12.10±0.57L, p=0.06), no changed ICF volume(22.2±0.9Lvs 22.3±0.9L, p>0.05) and marginally increased drainage volume(8.77±0.76Lvs 9.12±0.83L, p=0.09). AAD group also showed favored several markers include nPCR(1.59±0.07vs 1.98±0.08, p=0.00), BUN and albumin level (3.54±0.11 vs 3.74±0.11, p=0.02). Although serum albumin level was increased, correction with ECF volume(albumin level X ECF volume) makes it no difference (43.45±2.13vs 44.80±2.28, p=0.14). Furthermore △albumin vs △ECF showed negative correlation pattern(r=-0.46, p=0.07) that means serum albumin change was influenced by ECF volume change. In conclusion, AAD treatment improved markers of better nutritional status. However the change in serum albumin level was influenced by patient's ECF volume status, which can partially explain contradictory effect of aminoacid based PD solution on serum albumin level

Bedside prediction of right subclavian venous catheter insertion length

AbstractBackground and objectiveThe present study aimed to evaluate whether right subclavian vein (SCV) catheter insertion depth can be predicted reliably by the distances from the SCV insertion site to the ipsilateral clavicular notch directly (denoted as I-IC), via the top of the SCV arch, or via the clavicle (denoted as I-T-IC and I-C-IC, respectively).MethodIn total, 70 SCV catheterizations were studied. The I-IC, I-T-IC, and I-C-IC distances in each case were measured after ultrasound-guided SCV catheter insertion. The actual length of the catheter between the insertion site and the ipsilateral clavicular notch, denoted as L, was calculated by using chest X-ray.ResultsL differed from the I-T-IC, I-C-IC, and I-IC distances by 0.14±0.53, 2.19±1.17, and −0.45±0.68cm, respectively. The mean I-T-IC distance was the most similar to the mean L (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.89). The mean I-IC was significantly shorter than L, while the mean I-C-IC was significantly longer. Linear regression analysis provided the following formula: Predicted SCV catheter insertion length (cm)=−0.037+0.036×Height (cm)+0.903×I-T-IC (cm) (adjusted r2=0.64).ConclusionThe I-T-IC distance may be a reliable bedside predictor of the optimal insertion length for a right SCV cannulation