Concurrent Multilocular Cystic Renal Cell Carcinoma and Leiomyoma in the Same Kidney: Previously Unreported Association

We present an unusual case of concurrent occurrence of a multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma and a leiomyoma in the same kidney of a patient with no evident clinical symptoms. A 38-year-old man was found incidentally to have a cystic right renal mass on computed tomography. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed under a preoperative diagnosis of cystic renal cell carcinoma. Histology revealed a multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma and a leiomyoma. This is the first report of this kind of presentation

Clinical Characteristics According to the Radiological Classifications of Maxillary Sinus Fungus Ball

Background and Objectives The purpose of this study was to classify radiological findings of patients diagnosed with maxillary sinus fungus ball and to analyze the differences in surgical approach methods and postoperative results. Methods As a retrospective study, we reviewed the medical records of 221 patients (unilateral in 216: bilateral in 5). Results On computed tomography (CT), 49% of the lesions had an irregular surface or a protruding part. There was a significant difference in surgical approach according to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus when middle meatal antrostomy (MMA) was performed alone or combined with MMA and inferior meatal antrostomy (IMA) (p=0.042). Extension of a maxillary sinus lesion caused by fungus ball was not associated with stenosis of the MMA (p=0.328). Conclusion Diagnosis of maxillary sinus fungus on CT was associated with irregular lesion surface or a protruding calcification. In patients with fungus ball of the maxillary sinus, the more severe is the maxillary sinus pneumatization, the larger is the extent of IMA needed

Multiple Psoas Abscess Formation after Pharmacopuncture -A Case Report-

Acupuncture has been widely used in alternative medicine for pain relief but may have many complications due to lack of appropriate cares. Pharmacopuncture is a sort of acupuncture that injects a herbal ingredient through a thin tube for the purpose of combining the effects of the herb and acupuncture and it has many pitfalls. The agents used in pharmacopuncture are not refined for a desired effect and not produced by sterile standard processes under strict medical surveillance. We report a case of a 44-yr-old male patient who had multiple abscesses in the psoas region with fever, right low back and hip pain that began after the pharmacopuncture treatment. This case shows that although pharmacopuncture has been practiced widely, it is important that the appropriate aseptic technique should be used to prevent severe infections and other complications

In vivo genome editing with a small Cas9 orthologue derived from Campylobacter jejuni

Several CRISPR-Cas9 orthologues have been used for genome editing. Here, we present the smallest Cas9 orthologue characterized to date, derived from Campylobacter jejuni (CjCas9), for efficient genome editing in vivo. After determining protospacer-adjacent motif (PAM) sequences and optimizing single-guide RNA (sgRNA) length, we package the CjCas9 gene, its sgRNA sequence, and a marker gene in an all-in-one adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector and produce the resulting virus at a high titer. CjCas9 is highly specific, cleaving only a limited number of sites in the human or mouse genome. CjCas9, delivered via AAV, induces targeted mutations at high frequencies in mouse muscle cells or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Furthermore, CjCas9 targeted to the Vegfa or Hif1a gene in RPE cells reduces the size of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization, suggesting that in vivo genome editing with CjCas9 is a new option for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

Effects of Electrolyte Supplements on Body Water Homeostasis and Exercise Performance during Exhaustive Exercise

This study aimed to compare the physiologic effects of regular water consumption to those of electrolyte drink consumption in exercise capacity and recovery after exhaustive exercise. The participants were 10 healthy young men who exercised on a treadmill before and after receiving regular water and an electrolyte drink (3RINK) four weeks later. A 250-mL fluid volume was ingested 30 min before exercise and immediately after. Body composition, water metabolizing hormones, and body electrolytes were analyzed at rest (R), immediately after exercise (P0), and 1 h after exercise (P1). Moreover, serum lactic acid levels were measured to determine recovery. Total body water, intracellular, and extracellular water levels were higher after consuming 3RINK at P0 than at R. There was no interaction effect between the types of fluids and antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, and renin levels. Hematocrit levels showed an interaction effect between the type of fluid and period. Sodium levels were significantly different between the different types of fluids at P0 and P1. Finally, an interaction effect was noted between each type of fluid and serum lactate levels. Thus, 3RINK intake before and after exhaustive exercise increased body capacity to retain water, improved exercise ability, and reduced exercise-related fatigue

Studies on the Synthesis and Propeties of Polyimides; III. Effects of solvents on PMDA-Polyimides

Pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)??? 4,4''-diaminodiphenylether (ODA) ?????? benzidine (BZI)??? N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) ?????? N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)??? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? polyamic acid (PAA)???????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ???????????????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????, ????????? ??????, ???????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????????. ??? ?????? DMAc????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? NMP????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????????. ??? diamine??? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????. ???????????? ???????????? NMP??? ???????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????????? DMAc??? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??? ?????????. ???????????? ?????????, ????????? ??? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ??? ?????????. ??? PAA ????????? 10%??? ????????? ?????? ??????????????????????????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? PAA ????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??? ??? ?????????. Polyamic acid(PAA) solution was prepared by the condensation polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4,4''-diaminodiphenylether (ODA) or benzidine (BZI) in a highly polar solvent such as N-methy1-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc). The polyimide (PI) film was then obtained by the thermal imidization oa casted PAA film. For thermal imidization of PAA film obtained from PMDA and ODA, the effects of solvent i.e, the contents of solvent, the sorts of solvent and of cosolvents on the degree of imidization were investigated. It was found that the degree of imidization of which PAA film polymerized in DMAC was higher than that in NMP for the both conditions of under atmosphere and nitrogen flow. For the PAA film obtained from PMDA and BZI, the similar result was obtained. The degree of imidization was not much affected by the contents of NMP or DMAc in PAA film, however it was slightly changed by the addition of cosolvent such as methanol, ethanol or toluene. The addition of cosolvent such as ethanol or tetrahydrofuran was found to be used as a stabilizer of PAA solution from the observation of viscosity change with storage time.clos

Assessment of Microbial Source Tracking Marker and Fecal Indicator Bacteria on Food-Contact Surfaces in School Cafeterias

Food poisoning outbreaks in schools can affect many students, causing physical and psychological damage and time and economic loss. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) have been used to monitor the contamination; however, the detection is time-consuming and confirms the contamination from all warm-blooded animals. Microbial source tracking (MST) is a molecular-based detection method that is host specific. This study aimed to evaluate MSTs and FIBs for tracing contamination in the school cafeteria. The average total aerobic count was 0.89 to 3.63 log CFU/100 cm2, and the faucets in the cooking area showed a significantly high aerobic count. The stove valve, faucet, and hand-washer were the most contaminated area, with a concentration of 1.90 to 6.80 log CFU/100 cm2 from the frequent hand contact. Escherichia coli was not detected on any surfaces, and coliform was detected on five surfaces: the sink and faucet in the food preparation area, the faucet in the cooking area, the hand-washer, and the toilet seat in the restroom with 0.33 to 3.64 log CFU/100 cm2. Human-specific crAssphage appeared on a faucet in the food preparation area, while HF183 was not detected. The result indicates that the continuous monitoring of frequent hand-contact areas is recommended to maintain the hygiene condition in the school cafeteria