Forming District Metered Areas in a Water Distribution Network Using Genetic Algorithms

AbstractDividing a water distribution network into District Metered Areas (DMAs) is the first vital step towards water loss management. It is a multivariate problem. Techniques based on Genetic Algorithms is a proven way to provide a very good solution to optimization problems. Basic requirement is that each problem must be well described by an objective function. The formation of the objective function is tested through Matlab's optimization tools. The results of the genetic algorithm are compared to the results of an algorithm (in C++ Language) developed in an earlier stage to provide optimal system pressure reduction by closing indicated pipes. The process for the formation of the objective function and a case study on a real network are presented

The optimal balance point between NRW reduction measures, full water costing and water pricing in water distribution systems. Alternative scenarios forecasting the Kozani's WDS optimal balance point

The paper summarizes the final outcome of a study that lasted three years and deals with NRW reduction measures, the FWC integration in water price and the consumers' response to water price changes. Each term of the above three, interacts with the others and a dynamic balance is formed. There is a point where this balance causes optimal (socially and economically fair) results for all urban water users. The implementation of the mechanism of finding the optimal balance point in Kozani's (a city in northern Greece) WDS under increased water price is presented. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd

Accurate water demand spatial allocation for water networks modelling using a new approach

The paper presents an alternative approach regarding the spatial allocation of the actual water demand (at node level) when developing a pipe network's hydraulic simulation model. The process takes into account the respective demand patterns of the various types of water users, considering the water being lost through leaks/breaks occurring, as a competitive use. This new method accurately approximates the demand allocation of a network when there is no GIS data, thus having a significant impact on its cost effectiveness. Kos Town (Greece) water pipe network is used as the case study to demonstrate the entire process and the problems encountered. Finally, to prove its effectiveness the results of the new method were compared to MW-Voronoi diagram method's results and to field measurements