Learning speed or prediction accuracy? Comparative analysis of program-ming frameworks for artificial intelligence

The purpose of the article is to analyze frameworks for artificial intelligence applications. In particular, the effectiveness, time-consumption and resources requirement. Linear regression, random forests and k nearest neighbors models were created for each framework. The learning data is a dataset containing informations about diamonds and their prices. Each model was designed to learn diamonds’ prices and then make a prediction depending on its specific characteristics such as cut, color, and volume. The learning data was divided into sets of different sizes to show changes in a model depending on the amount of training data

Zapobieganie marnotrawstwu żywności w handlu spożywczym w świetle polskiego prawodawstwa

Food loss and waste are one of the main problems of global civilization that stir great emotions, especially among the inhabitants of affluent countries of the northern-hemisphere. All actors at the various stages of the food chain, from producers and processors to retailers and final consumers, influence this phenomenon. To combat this problem, many hours and energies are spent both by those involved in grassroots social initiatives and by national and international institutions. Any entity aware of the magnitude of the food waste problem (entrepreneur, citizen, NGO, etc.) entitled to take advantage of concessions, incentives and exemptions from public tributes is a more effective ally in the fight against this scourge of the 21st century than an economic participant constantly punished and sanctioned, and consequently expending most of its energy on tax optimizationStraty i marnotrawstwo żywności to jeden z dominujących globalnych problemów cywilizacyjnych. Budzi on duże emocje, zwłaszcza wśród mieszkańców bogatych krajów półkuli północnej. Na zjawisko to mają wpływ wszystkie podmioty na poszczególnych etapach łańcucha żywnościowego, począwszy od producentów i przetwórców, poprzez dystrybutorów, aż po konsumentów. Zarówno instytucje krajowe i międzynarodowe, jak i osoby zaangażowane w oddolne inicjatywy społeczne poświęcają na walkę z tym wyzwaniem wiele czasu i energii. Każdy podmiot świadomy skali problemu marnotrawstwa żywności (przedsiębiorca, obywatel, organizacja pozarządowa itp.) uprawniony do korzystania z ulg, zachęt i zwolnień z danin publicznych jest skuteczniejszym sojusznikiem w walce z tą plagą XXI wieku niż podmiot gospodarczy, który jest nieustannie karany i sankcjonowany, a w konsekwencji poświęca większość zasobów na optymalizację podatkową

Analysis of the Problem of Waste in Relation to Food Consumers

The global demand for food continues to increase. It is estimated that about 680 million people lack food access and suffer from malnutrition. On the other hand, in the current market, access to food is common and ever easier. Nevertheless, we are increasingly faced with the phenomenon of waste, which refers to the deliberate disposal of food that is fit for human consumption. This article focuses on a very important problem related to food waste, in relation to one of the main groups affected, i.e., consumers. Indeed, it is their awareness and behavior in the context of food waste and in relation to the environment, as well as future approaches to social sustainability, that are of the utmost importance. The study was conducted on a group of 384 respondents—the research sample was differentiated by sex and place of residence. The method used in the study was the analysis of correspondence, using data from the proprietary questionnaire, conducted on a group of adults, i.e., consumers, purchasing food. Respondents were asked about the issues related to the fact of wasting food, the frequency of this phenomenon and the main reasons why they do it. It should be emphasized that the respondents notice the problem by admitting that food is wasted in their households for various reasons. Conclusions resulting from the conducted statistical analysis and the analysis of the literature indicate that the main reason for wastage is that the use-by date has passed. Here arises the question as to why this fact comes about; maybe we buy too much food, which means that we are not able to ensure that the deadline for its consumption is not passed