A uniqueness result for the inverse problem of identifying boundaries from weighted Radon transform

We study the problem of the integral geometry, in which the functions are integrated over hyperplanes in the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space, $n=2m+1$. The integrand is the product of a function of $n$ variables called the density and weight function depending on $2n$ variables. Such an integration is called here the weighted Radon transform, which coincides with the classical one if the weight function is equal to one. It is proved the uniqueness for the problem of determination of the surface on which the integrand is discontinuous.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur

Crystal structure of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) tolmetin sodium

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, sodium 2-[1-methyl-5-(4-methylbenzoyl)- 1H-pyrrol-2-yl]acetate dihydrate, Na⁺C₁₅H₁₄NO₃⁻2H₂O, contains two sodium cations, two organic anions (A and B) and two water molecules. The coordination geometry around the sodium cations corresponds to a distorted octahedro

(1 R,3 S)-3-(1 H -Benzo[ d ]imidazol-2-yl)-1,2,2-tri­methyl­cyclo­pentane-1-carb­oxy­lic acid as a new anti-diabetic active pharmaceutical ingredient

The chiral title compound, C 16 H 20 N 2 O 2, which can be used for producing active pharmaceutical ingredients for treatment of type 2 pancreatic diabetes and other pathologies dependent on insulin resistance, was prepared from (1R,3S)-camphoric acid and o-phenyl­enedi­amin

The energy gap of intermediate-valent SmB6 studied by point-contact spectroscopy

We have investigated the intermediate valence narrow-gap semiconductor SmB6 at low temperatures using both conventional spear-anvil type point contacts as well as mechanically controllable break junctions. The zero-bias conductance varied between less than 0.01 mikrosiemens and up to 1 mS. The position of the spectral anomalies, which are related to the different activation energies and band gaps of SmB6, did not depend on the the contact size. Two different regimes of charge transport could be distinguished: Contacts with large zero - bias conductance are in the diffusive Maxwell regime. They had spectra with only small non-linearities. Contacts with small zero - bias conductance are in the tunnelling regime. They had larger anomalies, but still indicating a finite 45 % residual quasiparticle density of states at the Fermi level at low temperatures of T = 0.1 K. The density of states derived from the tunelling spectra can be decomposed into two energy-dependent parts with Eg = 21 meV and Ed = 4.5 meV wide gaps, respectively.Comment: 9 pages incl. 13 figure

Molecular-genetic mechanisms of the interaction between processes of cell response to mechanical stress and neuronal apoptosis in primary open-angle glaucoma

Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive disease, which affects more than 60 million people worldwide. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is one of the most common forms of glaucoma. For example, about 2.71 million people in the USA had primary open-angle glaucoma in 2011. Currently POAG is a major cause of irreversible vision loss. In patients with treated open-angle glaucoma the risk of blindness reached to be about 27 %. It is known that the death of optic nerve cells can be triggered by mechanical stress caused by increased intraocular pressure, which induces neuronal apoptosis and is observed in patients with POAG. Currently, there is a large number of scientific publications describing proteins and genes involved in the pathogenesis of POAG, including neuronal apoptosis and the cell response to mechanical stress. However, the molecular- genetic mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of POAG are still poorly understood. Reconstruction of associative networks describing the functional interactions between these genes/proteins, including biochemical reactions, regulatory interactions, transport, etc., requires the use of methods of automated knowledge extraction from texts of scientific publications. The aim of the work was the analysis of associative networks, describing the molecular-genetic interactions between proteins and genes involved in cell response to mechanical stress (CRMS), neuronal apoptosis and pathogenesis of POAG using ANDSystem, our previous development for automated text analysis. It was shown that genes associated with POAG are statistically significantly more often represented among the genes involved in the interactions between CRMS and neuronal apoptosis than it was expected by random reasons, which can be an explanation for the effect of POAG leading to the retinal ganglion cell death

Синтез молекулярных фотопреобразующих систем на основе тетра-фенилпорфирина и пурпурина 18

Donor-acceptor systems based on 5-(p-aminophenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin, purpurin 18 and 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)thio-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone were synthesized to simulate the natural photoconverting systems. Their spectral properties were studied.Получены донорно-акцепторные системы на основе 5-(п-аминофенил)-10,15,20-трифенил-порфирина, пурпурина 18 и 2-(2-гидроксиэтил)тио-3-метил-1,4-нафтохинона для моделирования природных фотопреобразующих комплексов и изучены их спектральные свойства

Editing activity for eliminating mischarged tRNAs is essential in mammalian mitochondria

Accuracy of protein synthesis is enabled by the selection of amino acids for tRNA charging by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs), and further enhanced by the proofreading functions of some of these enzymes for eliminating tRNAs mischarged with noncognate amino acids. Mouse models of editing-defective cytoplasmic alanyl-tRNA synthetase (AlaRS) have previously demonstrated the importance of proofreading for cytoplasmic protein synthesis, with embryonic lethal and progressive neurodegeneration phenotypes. Mammalian mitochondria import their own set of nuclear-encoded ARSs for translating critical polypeptides of the oxidative phosphorylation system, but the importance of editing by the mitochondrial ARSs for mitochondrial proteostasis has not been known. We demonstrate here that the human mitochondrial AlaRS is capable of editing mischarged tRNAs in vitro, and that loss of the proofreading activity causes embryonic lethality in mice. These results indicate that tRNA proofreading is essential in mammalian mitochondria, and cannot be overcome by other quality control mechanisms