Причины возникновения коммуникативных неудач в политическом тексте: лингвопрагматический аспект

Кондратенко Н. В. Причины возникновения коммуникативных неудач в политическом тексте: лингвопрагматический аспект / Н. В. Кондратенко // Одеський лінгвістичний вісник : зб. наук. праць / [голов. ред. Н. В. Петлюченко] ; Нац. ун-т «Одес. юрид. акад.». – Вип. 3.- Спец. вип., присвячений 200-річчю від дня народження Т. Г. Шевченка. – Одеса : Гельветика, 2014. – С. 118-123.Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы коммуникативных неудач как непони- мания реципиентом намерения говорящего. В политическом дискурсе коммуникативные неудачи могут возникать в результате неправильно организованного текста, в частности его десемантизации. Причиной утраты смысла в политическом тексте становятся лексические и грамматические шаблоны, использование которых и снижает смысловую нагрузку на реципиента

Growth and crystallization of molybdenum layers on amorphous silicon

The structure of molybdenum layers deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering onto the amorphous silicon (a-Si) layers as function of nominal layer thickness was studied by methods of transmission electron microscopy. Molybdenum layers with nominal thickness 1.5btMo nomb1.9 nm consist of clusters which should be considered as a transient state between strongly disordered (amorphous) state and crystal one. A transition from clusters to polycrystals takes place within the thickness range of 1.9btMo nomb2.5 nm. Resulting Mo crystallites have an inequiaxial form with dimensions of (3–4)×(15–30)nm2 and consist of blocks. The lateral axis of inequiaxial crystallites is parallel to 110 direction. As the metal layer thickness increases Mocrystallites take the more regular form at the expense of recrystallization

Reactive diffusion in Sc/Si multilayer X-ray mirrors with CrB2 barrier layers

Processes undergoing in Sc/Si multilayer X-ray mirrors (MXMs) with periods of ∼27 nm and barrier layers of CrB20.3- and 0.7-nm thick within the temperature range of 420–780 K were studied by methods of small-angle Xray reflectivity (λ = 0.154 nm) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. All layers with the exception of Sc ones are amorphous. Barrier layers are stable at least up to a temperature of 625 K and double the activation energy of diffusional intermixing at moderate temperatures. Introduction of barriers improves the thermal stability of Sc/Si MXMs at least by 80 degrees. Diffusion of Si atoms through barrier layers into Sc layers with formation of silicides was shown to be the main degradation mechanism of MXMs. A comparison of the stability for Sc/Si MXMs with different barriers published in the literature is conducted. The ways of further improvement of barrier properties are discusse

Theory of transverse spin dynamics in a polarized Fermi liquid and an itinerant ferromagnet

The linear equations for transverse spin dynamics in a weakly polarized degenerate Fermi liquid with arbitrary relationship between temperature and polarization are derived from Landau-Silin phenomenological kinetic equation with general form of two-particle collision integral. Unlike the previous treatment where Fermi velocity and density of states have been taken as constants independent of polarization here we made derivation free from this assumption. The obtained equations are applicable for description of spin dynamics in paramagnetic Fermi liquid with finite polarization as well in an itinerant ferromagnet. In both cases transverse spin wave frequency is found to be proportional to the square of the wave vector with complex constant of proportionality (diffusion coefficient) such that the damping has a finite value at T=0. The polarization dependence of the diffusion coefficient is found to be different for a polarized Fermi liquid and for an itinerant ferromagnet. These conclusions are confirmed by derivation of transverse spin wave dispersion law in frame of field theoretical methods from the integral equation for the vortex function. It is shown that similar derivation taking into consideration the divergency of static transverse susceptibility also leads to the same attenuating spin wave spectrum.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

Skin effect with arbitrary specularity in Maxwellian plasma

The problem of skin effect with arbitrary specularity in maxwellian plasma with specular--diffuse boundary conditions is solved. A new analytical method is developed that makes it possible to to obtain a solution up to an arbitrary degree of accuracy. The method is based on the idea of symmetric continuation not only the electric field, but also electron distribution function. The solution is obtained in a form of von Neumann series.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure

Quality management technologies of railway transport services

The relevance of the research topic is stipulated by the crisis phenomena that are taking place in the development of the transport industry of Ukraine, which are caused both by the aggravation of internal contradictions in the development of subjects of this sphere, and by the influence of external negative factors related to the economic and political crisis in the country. The purpose of the work was to determine the problems of managing the quality of services provided in railway transport sector. The features of modern transport services have been determined, the issue of effective training of personnel in the conditions of using advanced training technologies has been raised, and the characteristics of the provision of services by JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” has been provided. Based on economic-mathematical models, it has been proven that the profit dynamics of railway transport enterprises depends to a large extent not only on their technical and technological capabilities, but also on socio-economic factors regarding the need and possibility of using technologies for managing the quality of services. It has been determined that the above-mentioned discrepancies and problems significantly affect the level of service quality management technology of enterprises in this sector. A conclusion has been made about the need to increase the efficiency of service quality management technology of railway transport enterprises based on the use of modern approaches to the comprehensive study of consumer needs and further improvement of consumer qualities of transport services in order to generate profit, increase the social significance of railway transport and obtain competitive advantages in the future. The results of the study can be used to develop a state strategy for regional development, as well as to devise plans and recommendations for the development of railway transport enterprises at different levels of managemen