From Requirements to Code: Model Based Development of a Medical Cyber Physical System

The advanced use of technology in medical devices has improved the way health care is delivered to patients. Unfortunately, the increased complexity of modern medical devices poses challenges for development, assurance, and regulatory approval. In an e ort to improve the safety of advanced medical devices, organizations such as FDA have supported exploration of techniques to aid in the development and regulatory approval of such systems. In an ongoing research project, our aim is to provide effective development techniques and exemplars of system development artifacts that demonstrate state of the art development techniques. In this paper we present an end-to-end model-based approach to medical device software development along with the artifacts created in the process. While outlining the approach, we also describe our experiences, challenges, and lessons learned in the process of formulating and analyzing the requirements, modeling the system, formally verifying the models, generating code, and executing the generated code in the hardware for generic patient controlled analgesic infusion pump (GPCA). We believe that the development artifacts and techniques presented in this paper could serve as a generic reference to be used by researchers, practitioners, and authorities while developing and evaluating cyber physical medical devices

Missouri National Recreational River, Natural Resource Condition Assessment

Executive Summary As a unit in the National Park Service (NPS), Missouri National Recreational River (MNRR) is responsible for the management and conservation of natural resources within its boundaries. This mandate is supported by the National Park Service Organic Act of 1916, which directs the NPS to: conserve the scenery and natural and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such a manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations. In 2003, NPS Water Resources Division received funding through the Natural Resource Challenge Program to systematically assess watershed resource conditions in NPS units, establishing the Watershed Condition Assessment Program. This program, now titled the Natural Resource Condition Assessment (NRCA) Program, aims to provide documentation about the current conditions of important park resources through a spatially explicit, multi-disciplinary synthesis of existing scientific data and knowledge. Findings from the NRCA, including the report and accompanying map products, will help MNRR managers to: develop near-term management priorities, engage in watershed or landscape scale partnership and education efforts, conduct park planning (e.g. Resource Stewardship Strategy), report program performance (e.g. Department of the Interior’s Strategic Plan ―land health goals, Government Performance and Results Act). Specific project expectations and outcomes for the MNRR NRCA are listed in Chapter 3. For the purpose of this NRCA, NPS staff identified key resources that are referred to as ―components‖ in the project framework and throughout the assessment. The components selected include natural resources and processes that are currently of the greatest concern to park management at MNRR. The final project framework contains nine resource components, along with measures, stressors, and reference conditions for each. This study involved reviewing existing literature and data for each of the components in the framework and, where appropriate, analyzing the data in order to provide summaries or to create new spatial or statistical representations. After gathering data regarding current condition of component measures, those data were compared to reference conditions (when possible) and a qualitative statement of condition was developed. The discussions in Chapter 4 represent a comprehensive summary of available information regarding the current condition of these resources. These discussions represent not only the most current published literature, but also unpublished park information and, most importantly, the perspectives of park experts. Nearly every component in MNRR is affected by the altered flow regime from the post-dam Missouri River and, with that, the conditions of most park resources (as indicated by the measures defined in the project framework) are of moderate or significant concern. These condition designations are largely a product of the ―pre-dam‖ reference condition assigned to nearly every MNRR component. When comparing the current condition of a resource that has been drastically altered by damming to its pre-dam condition, it is almost always worse off today. However, while the Missouri River ecosystem has endured large changes since dam construction, there are several individual components that are recovering and doing well with the given circumstances. Differing uses and interests of the Missouri River (e.g. preservation, recreation, electricity generation, navigation, etc.) further complicate MNRR’s ability to restore the Missouri River to its pre-dam condition. However, several components ( e.g. flow regime, aquatic and terrestrial habitats, erosional and depositional processes) are drivers of the entire ecosystem, and restoration of these components would have a cascading effect on the entire ecosystem. Overall, the Missouri River ecosystem is complex and while several components are considered to be of moderate or significant concern, their actual condition (when considering the the condition of the Missouri River ecosystem) is often times of lower concern

Materialien zur lokalen Beschaeftigungspolitik in Wiesbaden

IAB-90-0BD2-309000 AM 229 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Modus operandi und Perseveranz

SIGLEUuStB Koeln=38*-900106444 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische Informationsbibliothek3., unveraend. Aufl.DEGerman

Berufsfeld- und Qualifikationsanalyse fuer Umweltfachleute in der oeffentlichen Verwaltung

UB Bonn(5)-3C-20543 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Regionale Ausbildungspolitik Begleitstudie zum 'Regionalen Aktionsprogramm berufliche Erstausbildung' im Land Brandenburg ; Studie im Auftrag des Ministeriums fuer Arbeit, Soziales, Gesundheit und Frauen des Landes Brandenburg, gefoerdert aus Mitteln des Europaeischen Sozialfonds

UuStB Koeln(38)-960106746 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Aktuelle Phaenomene der Gewalt

SIGLEUuStB Koeln(38)-960106331 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Oekonomische und soziale Erfordernisse flexibler Automatisierung in der DDR

Freie Universitaet Berlin, Zentralinstitut 6 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Indikatoren der Arbeitszufriedenheit 1972/73 und 1980/81

UuStB Koeln(38)-8406345 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Vergleich der arbeitsmarktpolitischen Instrumente in den neuen Bundeslaendern Sachsen und Sachsen-Anhalt 1990 bis 1992

IAB-43200 AX 830 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman