Comparative assessment of subsipopulations of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer depending on the response to chemotherapy

The key cells of the immune system that determine the relationship between tumor cells and the microenvironment, beginning with early stages of tumor growth, including regulation of neoangiogenesis and the terminal stage of malignant process, are tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). In the present study, identification of TAM markers in breast tumors in patients with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and a comparative assessment of the differences in the macrophages subpopulation in tumors with different response to chemotherapy were carried out. The data we obtained indicate the functional differences between TAM subpopulations that have various phenotypes, that are confirmed at the level of associative links with the effectiveness of chemotherapy

Fast 3 T nigral hyperintensity magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract The absence of nigral hyperintensity is a promising MR marker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its small size imposes limitations on its routine use. Our aim was to compare Multi Echo Data Image Combination (MEDIC), segmented echo-planar imaging (EPISEG) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequences, as well as both magnitude (MAG) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) reconstructions of single-echo gradient echo for nigral hyperintensity imaging. Twenty-five healthy and twenty PD subjects were included. Sensitivity to motion artefacts, confidence of the radiologist in interpretation, rate of nondiagnostic scans and diagnostic accuracy were assessed. EPISEG was less motion-sensitive than MEDIC, MAG, and SWI, while FLAIR was less motion-sensitive than MAG and SWI. The reviewers were more confident when using EPISEG compared to any other techniques and MEDIC was superior to FLAIR. The proportions of nondiagnostic scans were lower for EPISEG than for other sequences. The best diagnostic performance was achieved for EPISEG (sensitivity = 65%, specificity = 96%). Using EPISEG, the absence of nigral hyperintensity in PD was associated with higher Hoehn-Yahr stage and MDS-UPDRS II + III. Nigral hyperintensity may be intact at the very early stages of PD. The promising properties of EPISEG may help the transfer of nigral hyperintensity imaging into daily clinical practice

Hypercortisolemia inhibits yohimbine-induced release of norepinephrine in the posterolateral hypothalamus of conscious rats

Chronic hypercortisolemia attenuates yohimbine (YOH)-induced increments in plasma levels of the sympathetic neurotransmitter norepinephrine (NE). The present study used in vivo microdialysis to study the effects of hypercortisolemia on YOH-induced release of NE in the brain. Cortisol (25 mg/kg-day) or saline was infused sc into rats for 7 days via an osmotic minipump. Microdialysate and plasma concentrations of NE and its metabolites dihydroxyphenylglycol and meth- oxyhydroxyphenylglycol were measured before and after YOH (1 mg/kg, iv) administration in conscious animals, with microdialysate and plasma collections beginning 20-24 h after probe implantation. Chronic cortisol treatment resulted in attenuated NE, ihydroxyphenylglycol, and methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol responses in both microdialysate and plasma. The results indicate that YOH increases central neural as well as peripheral release, reuptake, turnover, and metabolism of NE and that hypercortisolemia suppresses these responses. © 1992 by The Endocrine Society

Методы контроля социальной адаптации

Методам стабилографии определены биомеханические характеристики статического равновесия у спортсменов занимающихся спортивными бальными танцами. Показано, что высококвалифицированные спортсмены способны лучше поддерживать равновесие, что проявляется в больших показателях отклонения амплитуды колебаний в сравнении со спортсменами низкой квалификации. При этом у девушек танцоров с повышением спортивной квалификации происходит увеличение показателя отклонения вправо, а у их партнеров - отклонение влево. Динамика основных характеристики стабилограммы может использоваться в качестве индикатора уровня технической подготовленности спортсменов и их адаптации к окружающему социуму