Influence of Combined Therapy on Generation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients with Cervical Cancer

BACKGROUND: According to several authors, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the mechanisms of cancer development and metastatic processes, which allows them to be considered as a potential new target for the treatment of cancer. AIM: To investigate the presence of extracellular neutrophil traps in the blood of patients with cervical cancer on the background of the combined treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in 28 patients with cervical cancer. Group 1 received only radiation therapy; Groups 2-radiation therapy with ftorafur; Group 3-radiation therapy with cisplatin. To determine the number of spontaneous extracellular neutrophilic traps in the blood of the examined individuals, we used a technique of I.I. Dolgushin and Yu.S. Andreeva. RESULTS: Peripheral blood neutrophils in 53.57% (33.87; 72.49) of cervical cancer patients showed the ability to generate NETs before treatment. The ability to form NETs was observed in neutrophils isolated from 66.67% (9.43; 99.16) patients of the Group 1. After radiation therapy with ftorafur, the ability of blood neutrophils to form NETs was observed in 50% (1.26; 98.74) of cervical cancer patients. After radiotherapy with cisplatin, 37.50% (15.20; 64.57) of patients were found to have NETs formation CONCLUSION: The ability to form NETs varied greatly after radiotherapy. The addition of chemotherapy drugs to radiation therapy did not increase the percentage of NETs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer but stimulated the appearance of basophil extracellular traps. &nbsp

SPUTNIK-V REACTOGENICITY AND IMMUNOGENICITY IN THE BLOOD AND MUCOSA: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Sputnik-V (Gam-COVID-Vac) is a heterologous, recombinant adenoviral (rAdv) vector-based, COVID- 19 vaccine now used in > 70 countries. Yet there is a shortage of data on this vaccine’s performance in diverse populations. Here, we performed a prospective cohort study to assess the reactogenicity and immunologic outcomes of Sputnik-V vaccination in Kazakhstan. COVID-19-free participants (n = 82 at baseline) were followed at day 21 after Sputnik-V dose 1 (rAd5) and dose 2 (rAd26). Self-reported local and systemic adverse events were captured using questionnaires. Blood and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected to perform SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic and immunologic assays. We observed that most of the reported adverse events were mild-to-moderate injection site or systemic reactions, no severe or potentially life-threatening conditions were reported, and dose 1 appeared to be more reactogenic than dose 2. The seroconversion rate was 97% post-dose 1, remaining the same post-dose 2. The proportion of participants with detectable virus neutralization was 83% post-dose 1, increasing to 98% post-dose 2, with the largest relative increase observed in participants without prior COVID- 19 exposure. Dose 1 boosted nasal S-IgG and S-IgA, while the boosting effect of dose 2 on mucosal S-IgG, but not S-IgA, was only observed in subjects without prior COVID-19. Systemically, vaccination reduced serum levels of growth regulated oncogene (GRO), which correlated with an elevation in blood platelet count. Overall, Sputnik-V dose 1 elicited both blood and mucosal SARS-CoV-2 immunity, while the immune boosting effect of dose 2 was minimal. Thus, adjustments to the current vaccine dosing regimen are necessary to optimize immunization efficacy and cost-effectiveness. While Sputnik-V reactogenicity is similar to that of other COVID-19 vaccines, the induced alterations to the GRO/platelet axis warrant investigation of the vaccine’s effects on systemic immunology

Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and oxidized neutrophil proteins in patients with nephropathy caused by acute alcohol poisoning

Introduction: Alcohol use has been identified as a major risk factor for disease burden and premature mortality. Objectives: We studied the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) concentrations in neutrophils to assess the possibility of their using for the early detection of kidney damage in patients with acute alcohol poisoning (AAP). The impact of eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) on the NGAL and AOPP levels was also studied. Patients and Methods: The study included 89 patients with AAP. Healthy individuals and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) served as comparison groups. Participants were represented by men, aged between 20 and 40 years. Results of laboratory tests of kidney function were also taken into account. Serum NGAL level was measured using ELISA kit. AOPP was determined using the method of Witko-Sarsat et al. Results: We detected a significant increase in serum NGAL and AOPP level both in toxic nephropathy with a clinical picture of acute kidney injury (AKI) and in the "preclinical stage" of kidney damage. Hence a single trend in the changes of these indicators existed in patients with AAP. At the same time, our study revealed opposite trends in patients with CKD. There was no significant increase in serum NGAL in patients with CKD. Conclusion: We propose to consider an increased eGFR together with an increased serum NGAL concentration in patients with AAP as the stage, preceding the nephropathy or AKI, even in the absence of clinical and laboratory signs of impaired renal function

HIGH SARS-COV-2 SEROPREVALENCE IN KARAGANDA, KAZAKHSTAN BEFORE THE LAUNCH OF COVID-19 VACCINATION

COVID-19 exposure in Central Asia appears underestimated and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data are urgently needed to inform ongoing vaccination efforts and other strategies to mitigate the regional pandemic. Here, in a pilot serologic study we assessed the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody-mediated immunity in a multi-ethnic cohort of public university employees in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. Asymptomatic subjects (n = 100) were recruited prior to their first COVID-19 vaccination. Questionnaires were administered to capture a range of demographic and clinical characteristics. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR testing. Serological assays were performed to detect spike (S)- reactive IgG and IgA and to assess virus neutralization. Pre-pandemic samples were used to validate the assay positivity thresholds. S-IgG and -IgA seropositivity rates among SARSCoV- 2 PCR-negative participants (n = 100) were 42% (95% CI [32.2–52.3]) and 59% (95% CI [48.8–69.0]), respectively, and 64% (95% CI [53.4–73.1]) of the cohort tested positive for at least one of the antibodies. S-IgG titres correlated with virus neutralization activity, detectable in 49% of the tested subset with prior COVID-19 history. Serologically confirmed history of COVID-19 was associated with Kazakh ethnicity, but not with other ethnic minorities present in the cohort, and self-reported history of respiratory illness since March 2020. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 exposure in this cohort was ~15-fold higher compared to the reported all-time national and regional COVID-19 prevalence, consistent with recent studies of excess infection and death in Kazakhstan. Continuous serological surveillance provides important insights into COVID-19 transmission dynamics and may be used to better inform the regional public health response

Профиль компетентностей библиотекарей в управлении данными исследований

Schmidt, B. Профіль компетентностей бібліотекарів в управлінні даними досліджень = Librarians' Competencies Profile for Research Data Management / B. Schmidt, K. Shearer ; [transl. Ye. Portseva, T. Kolesnykova] // Joint Task Force on Librarians’ Competencies in Support of E-Research and Scholarly Communication. — 2016. — June. — P. 1—7. — Access Mode: https://www.coar-repositories.org/files/Competencies-for-RDM_June-2016.pdf.UK: У статті розглянуто: 1) нові ролі наукових бібліотек в управлінні даними досліджень; 2) ключові компетентності бібліотекарів; 3) посади, що пропонуються бібліотекарям для роботи у цій сфері.RU: В статье рассмотрены: 1) новые роли научных библиотек в управлении данными исследований; 2) ключевые компетентности библиотекарей; 3) должности, предлагаемые библиотекарям для работы в этой сфере.EN: The article describes: 1) the new roles of research libraries in research data management; 2) the key competencies of librarians; 3) the job titles for librarians to work in this area.Асоціація європейських наукових бібліотек і Геттінгенський університет; Конфедерація репозитаріїв відкритого доступу та Асоціація наукових бібліотек Канадиhttps://www.coar-repositories.org/files/Competencies-for-RDM_June-2016.pd

Genetic Predictors of the Development of Complications after Coronary Stenting

Due to the fact that there are scientific discussions about the significance of gene polymorphisms in the risk of developing cardiovascular complications after a percutaneous coronary intervention, it is of interest to evaluate the genetic predictors of the development of cardiovascular events. This study is a molecular genetic study. Association with the genes of biomarkers for inflammation and immune response increases the risk of cardiovascular events: rs1234313 (TNFSF4): (A/G, OR-4.57 (2.35–8.87), p ≤ 0.0001), (A/G-A/A, OR-3.14 (1.75–5.63), p ≤ 0.0001), and (A/G, OR = 4.01 (2.19–7.36), p ≤ 0.0001); rs3184504 (SH2D3); ATXN2: (C/T, OR-2.53 (1.28–5.01), T/T, OR-2.99 (1.13–7.92), p = 0.017)), (C/T-T/T, OR-2.61 (1.35–5.07), p = 0.000), and (OR-1.89 (1.15–3.09), p = 0.009)). According to the lipid metabolism biomarker genes, rs2943634: (A/C OR-2.57 (1.18–5.62), p = 0.013); according to the endothelial biomarker genes, rs2713604: (DNAJB8-AS1; GATA2): (C/T, OR-4.27 (2.35–7.76), p ≤ 0.0001), (C/T-C/C, OR-4.13 (2.31–7.40), p ≤ 0.0001), (OR-4.05 (2.24–7.30), p ≤ 0.0001), and (C/T, OR-3.46 (1.99–6.00), p ≤ 0.0001). The regression analysis found that in the presence of the rs2943634 gene polymorphism, the risk of late cardiovascular events increases by 4.007 times with 95% CI (1.502:10.692), p = 0.006. The genes of biomarkers for the risk of cardiovascular events are rs1234313(TNFSF4), rs3184504 (SH2D3; ATXN2), rs2943634, and rs2713604 (DNAJB8-AS1; GATA2). The only predictor of the development of new cardiovascular events was rs2943634, which belongs to the group of lipid metabolism biomarkers

Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation and History of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from GARFIELD-AF

BACKGROUND: Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes