Distribution of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the hippocampal formation of the guinea pig and domestic pig

This study provides a detailed description concerning the distribution of cocaineand amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) subunits - CART61-102 and rhCART28-116 - in the hippocampal formation (HF) of the guinea pig and domestic pig, focussing on the dentate gyrus (DG) and hippocampus proper (HP). Although in both studied species CART-immunoreactive (CART-IR) neuronal somata and processes were present generally in the same layers, some species-specific differences were still found. In the granular layer (GL) of both species, the ovalshaped neurons and some thick varicose fibres were encountered. In the guinea pig there was an immunoreactive “band of dots”, probably representing crosssectioned terminals within the DG molecular layer (MOL), whereas in the domestic pig, some varicose fibres were detected, thus suggesting a different orientation of, at least, some nerve terminals. Furthermore, some CART-positive cells and fibres were observed in the hilus (HL) of the guinea pig, whereas in the analogical part of the domestic pig only nerve terminals were labelled. In both species, in the pyramidal layer (PL) of the hippocampus proper, CART-IR triangular somata were observed in the CA3 sector, as well as some positive processes in MOL; however, a few immunoreactive perikarya were found only in the CA1 sector of the guinea pig. As regards the localization patterns of two isoforms of CART in the guinea pig, both peptide fragments were present simultaneously in each of the labelled neurons or fibres, whereas in the domestic pig three types of fibres may be distinguished within the area of the DG. In the hilus and MOL of the dentate gyrus, there were fibres expressing both isoforms of CART in their whole length (fibres of the first type). Fibres of the second type (in GL) coexpressed both peptides only on their short segments, and the last ones (in MOL) expressed solely rhCART28-116. These results indicate that the distribution of the two CART isoforms are specifically related, thus the relationship between the two CART isoforms may imply different metabolic profiles of CART-expressing neurons

LAGEOS geodetic analysis-SL7.1

Laser ranging measurements to the LAGEOS satellite from 1976 through 1989 are related via geodetic and orbital theories to a variety of geodetic and geodynamic parameters. The SL7.1 analyses are explained of this data set including the estimation process for geodetic parameters such as Earth's gravitational constant (GM), those describing the Earth's elasticity properties (Love numbers), and the temporally varying geodetic parameters such as Earth's orientation (polar motion and Delta UT1) and tracking site horizontal tectonic motions. Descriptions of the reference systems, tectonic models, and adopted geodetic constants are provided; these are the framework within which the SL7.1 solution takes place. Estimates of temporal variations in non-conservative force parameters are included in these SL7.1 analyses as well as parameters describing the orbital states at monthly epochs. This information is useful in further refining models used to describe close-Earth satellite behavior. Estimates of intersite motions and individual tracking site motions computed through the network adjustment scheme are given. Tabulations of tracking site eccentricities, data summaries, estimated monthly orbital and force model parameters, polar motion, Earth rotation, and tracking station coordinate results are also provided

NACA Research Memorandums

Report presenting pressures measured during a free-flight test at zero angle of attack over a rocket model with a modified Von Karman nose in combination with a cylindrical center section and a 10 degree half-angle flare

NACA Research Memorandums

Memorandum presenting a five-stage rocket-propelled model flown up to a Mach number of 10.9 and a corresponding free-stream Reynolds number of 6.57 x 10(exp 6) based on nose diameter. Temperatures were measured at 16 stations on the inside of a flat-faced cylinder made of copper. Results regarding the flight test, wall temperatures, heat-transfer data, measurement repeatibility and effects of angle of attack, comparison of measured and theoretical stagnation-point heating rates, and measured and theoretical heating rates over the front and side of the nose are provided

NACA Research Memorandums

Report presenting testing of a five-stage rocket-propelled model flown to a Mach number of 15.5 and an altitude of 98,200 feet. Temperatures were measured at six stations along the inside surface of the blunted conical nose with a total angle of 29 degrees. Experimental and theoretical values were similar at the first temperature measuring station, but the experimental results became increasingly greater than the theoretical values at rearward measuring stations

Satellite Laser Ranging Observations of Unsteady Tectonic Motion

Plate velocity models derived from space techniques are based on the assumption that the velocity is uniform during the observation period. The actual motion of individual sites, however, can exhibit deviations in velocity that may be of tectonic interest. As a means of identifying nonsteady motion, we utilize an analysis method that directly determines monthly estimates of three-dimensional Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) station locations from observations of the LAGEOS orbit. A minimum constraint on the motion is applied to a pair of well- determined tracking stations at Greenbelt in Maryland and Maui in Hawaii. The time-averaged horizontal components of station velocities are used to compute relative rotation poles, and these may be directly compared to those from prevailing geophysical models, which are based on million-year time scales. The deviations from this time-averaged model can also be examined for evidence of non-steady behavior over the nearly 15 years of SLR observations, and this can be found at some stations along plate boundaries. In particular, at the station Monument Peak, located close to the San Andreas fault system, there is a difference of about 5 mm/yr between the pre-1991 and post-1991 velocity averages that is well above the formal uncertainty. The NNE direction of this difference could be interpreted as shortening across the San Andreas fault system. If a tectonic signal can be confirmed by comparison with other observables in the region collected over the same time span, it would demonstrate the value of these data in constraining the long-term variations in plate boundary deformation. The deviation from time- averaged motion at each station also allows us to bound the formal error estimates of the uniform velocity model, and to assess any preferred direction for significant variations in the motion