134 research outputs found
Beyond the Holocaust Paradigm. Unearthing Europeâs Age of Terror
First name :: Rob Last name :: van der LaarseEmail address :: [email protected] :: University of AmsterdamMailing address :: Voorhaven 43 Edam 1135 BL The NetherlandsCo-authors :: Jan KolenPaper title :: beyond the Holocaust Paradigm. Unearthing Europeâs Age of Terror Abstract :: The devastating horrors of two World Wars have for the last six decades stimulated a unique process of European unification. After decades of a heroic remembrance of military occupation and resistance in most Western and Eastern European nations, war heritage and memory has almost completely been determined by the Holocaust paradigm. Yet, as I will argue, the assumption of the Holocaust as a common European experience, and hence as a basic part of Europeâs postwar identity raises some critical objections. Firstly, the Holocaust paradigm is currently challenged by a deep incompatibility of opinions about the impact, interpretation and meaning of the persecution of the Jews and other victims of Nazi and Communist terror, and secondly it is competed by the rise of a post-1989 Occupation paradigm in Eastern Europe. Interestingly, archaeology plays a prominent role in this dynamic of memory. This may seem self-evident, as archaeologists are digging for truth and authentic traces, but archaeology has never been an innocent discipline. This accounts also for the war period itself, during which the first excavation of mass graves already started as pivotal in ideological propaganda. This âheritagingâ of the past asks for a transnational rethinking of the archaeology of terrorscapes
Large scale anthropogenic reduction of forest cover in Last Glacial Maximum Europe
Reconstructions of the vegetation of Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are an enigma. Pollen-based analyses have suggested that Europe was largely covered by steppe and tundra, and forests persisted only in small refugia. Climate-vegetation model simulations on the other hand have consistently suggested that broad areas of Europe would have been suitable for forest, even in the depths of the last glaciation. Here we reconcile models with data by demonstrating that the highly mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that inhabited Europe at the LGM could have substantially reduced forest cover through the ignition of wildfires. Similar to hunter-gatherers of the more recent past, Upper Paleolithic humans were masters of the use of fire, and preferred inhabiting semi-open landscapes to facilitate foraging, hunting and travel. Incorporating human agency into a dynamic vegetation-fire model and simulating forest cover shows that even small increases in wildfire frequency over natural background levels resulted in large changes in the forested area of Europe, in part because trees were already stressed by low atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the cold, dry, and highly variable climate. Our results suggest that the impact of humans on the glacial landscape of Europe may be one of the earliest large-scale anthropogenic modifications of the earth system
Pitkien asiakassuhteiden taloudellisen arvon mÀÀrittÀminen
Johtajien lempilauseita on ollut jo pitkÀÀn âihmiset ovat yrityksen tĂ€rkein resurssiâ. Sanonta viittaa yrityksen työntekijöihin, mutta asiakkaat, sijoittajat sekĂ€ ostajat ovat myös ihmisiĂ€ ja tĂ€ten suuri resurssilĂ€hde yritykselle kuin yritykselle. Suhdemarkkinoinnin hengessĂ€ kaikki ne joilla on vaikutusta yrityksen menestymiseen, pitĂ€isi ottaa huomioon resurssien lĂ€hteenĂ€ ja tĂ€rkeĂ€nĂ€ osana yrityksen rakentumista.
Perinteinen tase koostuu yrityksen aineellisista, kovista, hyödykkeistĂ€; esimerkiksi raha, varasto, koneet ja rakennukset. Uskollisen asiakkaan omaava tieto ja taito ei mahdu taseen laskennalliseen tulokseen asiakkaan varastotavaroiden kanssa, koska varastossa olevat tavarat ovat kĂ€sin kosketeltavia, todellisia asioita. Kuitenkin kun yritys myydÀÀn tai varastotavara vaihdetaan asiakas maksaa aineettomista âpehmeistĂ€â arvoista kuten uskollisista asiakkaista sekĂ€ odotettavissa olevista tulevaisuuden tuloista
TÀssÀ tutkielmassa etsitÀÀn vastauksia pitkien asiakassuhteiden arvottamisen ongelmaan. Ensin esitellÀÀn pitkien asiakassuhteiden muodostumisen ja avainelementtien teoriaa ja sitten yritetÀÀn löytÀÀ hyvÀÀ arvottamisen menetelmÀÀ sekÀ markkinoinnin ettÀ taloushallinnon tutkimuksista ja artikkeleistafi=OpinnÀytetyö kokotekstinÀ PDF-muodossa.|en=Thesis fulltext in PDF format.|sv=LÀrdomsprov tillgÀngligt som fulltext i PDF-format
Beek : nader archeologisch onderzoek op twee lokaties in het tracé van de Oost-West baan, Luchthaven Maastricht
Onderzoek in opdracht van de Rijksdienst voor het Oudheidkundig bodemonderzoek (ROB
Het historische weefsel: over de transformatie van de regio en de omgang met het verleden in de 21ste eeuw
De biografie van het landschap: naar een nieuwe benadering van het erfgoed van stad en platteland
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